OBJECTIVES: Right heart failure (RHF) after the implantation of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) remains a dreaded postoperative complication. Using 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography, it is possible to acquire right ventricular global and regional function. The aim of our study was to assess whether speckle-tracking echocardiography values will better predict the RHF post-continuous-flow LVAD implantation. METHODS: From January 2014 to January 2016, 54 patients who underwent LVAD implantation were included and retrospectively analysed. Clinical, invasive haemodynamic (right and left heart catheterization), laboratory and transthoracic echocardiography data were reviewed. Multivariable logistic regression was performed using RHF as dependent variable. RESULTS: Thirteen patients (24%) developed RHF. These patients had significantly elevated procalcitonin (P = 0.011), elevated central venous pressure (CVP) pre- and post-LVAD implantation (P = 0.002 and 0.031, respectively), higher right ventricular (RV) and pulmonary systolic pressure (P = 0.016 and 0.013, respectively), higher Michigan Risk Score (P = 0.001) and a lower peak systolic longitudinal strain of the basal RV free wall (P = 0.032). Haemoglobin, procalcitonin, RV systolic pressure, basal right ventricular free wall and pre-CVP entered the final multivariable analysis, only basal right ventricular free wall (P < 0.001) and pre-CVP (P < 0.001) remained significant predictors of RHF. The sensitivity and specificity of the final model were 85.7% and 95.4%, respectively. The negative predictive value reached 94%. CONCLUSIONS: 2D strain parameters of the RV free wall seem to be auspicious for RV function and predicting RHF. Moreover, intraoperative CVP should not be neglected since elevated values proved to be highly associated with RHF. Our results represent a valuable supplement to other scores by considering both echocardiography and intraoperative data.

The main objective of this study will be to determine the effects of a new advanced sternum external fixation (Stern-E-Fix) corset on prevention of sternal instability and mediastinitis in high-risk patients.

It remains unclear to what extent the outcomes and complications of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) differ from non-COVID-19 ARDS patients. In an observational, propensity-matched study, outcomes after ECMO support were compared between 19 COVID-19 patients suffering from ARDS (COVID group) and 34 matched non-COVID-19 ARDS patients (NCOVID group) from our historical cohort. A 1:2 propensity matching was performed based on respiratory ECMO survival prediction (RESP) score, age, gender, bilirubin, and creatinine levels. Patients’ characteristics, laboratory parameters, adverse events, and 90-day survival were analyzed. Patients’ characteristics in COVID and NCOVID groups were similar. Before ECMO initiation, fibrinogen levels were significantly higher in the COVID group (median: 493 vs. 364 mg/dL, p < 0.001). Median ECMO support duration was similar (16 vs. 13 days, p = 0.714, respectively). During ECMO therapy, patients in the COVID group developed significantly more thromboembolic events (TEE) than did those in the NCOVID group (42% vs. 12%, p = 0.031), which were mainly pulmonary artery embolism (PAE) (26% vs. 0%, p = 0.008). The rate of major bleeding events (42% vs. 62%, p = 0.263) was similar. Fibrinogen decreased significantly more in the COVID group than in the NCOVID group (p < 0.001), whereas D-dimer increased in the COVID group (p = 0.011). Additionally, 90-day mortality did not differ (47% vs. 74%; p = 0.064) between COVID and NCOVID groups. Compared with that in non-COVID-19 ARDS patients, ECMO support in COVID-19 patients was associated with comparable in-hospital mortality and similar bleeding rates but a higher incidence of TEE, especially PAE. In contrast, coagulation parameters differed between COVID and NCOVID patients.

Purpose: To assess whether thoracic non-cardiac surgery has an influence on right ventricular function (RVF) compared to known impaired postoperative RV function after cardiac surgery. Methods: In all, 50 patients (mean age: 61 years), who underwent thoracic non-cardiac surgery were included and matched using propensity score to 50 patients, receiving coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) (CABG(matched)). All patients had transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) including two-dimensional speckle tracking (2D-STE) and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) pre- and 1 week postoperatively. Results: No significant changes in RV measurements including tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), tricuspid annular systolic velocity (TASV), RV fractional area change (RV-FAC), and 2D-STE of the RV and RV freewall within the thoracic non-cardiac surgery patients comparing pre- and postoperative values. Comparing RV TTE values between CABG(matched) patients and thoracic surgery patients, only TAPSE differed between groups preoperatively (p <0.0001), where postoperatively, all RV measurements differed significantly between the two groups: TAPSE (p <0.0001), TASV (p <0.001), RVFAC (p = 0.005), and RV 2D-STE (p <0.0001) indicating impairment of RV function post-CABG surgery compared to thoracic non-cardiac surgery. Conclusion: Thoracic non-cardiac surgery including an opening of the pleural cavity did not influence RV function early postoperative, whereas CABG surgery with pericardiotomy led to an impaired global RV function.

Purpose: Benefits of off-pump coronary bypass (OPCAB) over on-pump (ONCAB) remain controversial. We aimed to evaluate the early impacts of OPCAB vs ONCAB for varying left ventricular (LV) function baselines by applying the non-invasive myocardial work (MW) analysis, which enables further insights in cardiac mechanics, contractility, and efficacy. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 98 patients (55 ONCAB vs 43 OPCAB). Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and concurrent arterial blood pressure measurements taken at rest, prior to, and early after surgery were performed. Global myocardial work index (GMWI), global constructive work (GCW), and global work efficiency (GWE), inter alia, were quantified. Results: Preoperatively, OPCAB patients had significantly lower values than ONCAB patients in terms of GMWI (1404.33 ± 585.41 mmHg% vs 1619.07 ± 535.42 mmHg%, p = 0.039), GWE (90% (60%, 96%) vs 93% (74%, 98%), p = 0.028). After surgery, GMWI was reduced in both groups. However, a more significant GMWI impairment occurred early after ONCAB than after OPCAB (−343.14 ± 35.20 mmHg%, p <0.001 vs −224.04 ± 120.91 mmHg%, p = 0.042). Conclusion: Despite lower preoperative LV function in OPCAB patients, GMWIs after OPCAB were superior to ONCAB, indicating better preservation of systolic LV function early after OPCAB by means of contractility compared to ONCAB. Further studies should investigate the long-term course of MW response and their clinical impact.

Right ventricular failure (RVF) and -support is associated with poor results. We aimed for a new approach of right - sided assistance bypassing the right ventricle and pulmonary circulation in order to better decompress the right ventricle and optimize left ventricular filling.