Energy security represents a fundamental pillar of economic sustainability, being defined as a state’s ability to ensure continuous, reliable, and affordable access to energy resources. In the context of recent geopolitical shifts, such as worldwide military conflicts, the vulnerabilities of energy systems have become evident, highlighting the interdependence between energy security and economic stability. Analyzing energy security involves assessing the diversification of sources, supply routes, critical infrastructure, and the degree of dependence on imports. The transition to renewable sources, in line with the objectives established by the European Union, contributes to reducing the risks associated with fossil market volatility and to strengthening economic resilience. At the same time, the integration of digital technologies and the development of storage capacities increase the flexibility of energy systems. Evaluating energy security must include indicators regarding price accessibility, environmental sustainability, and institutional capacity for crisis management. By aligning energy policies with macroeconomic and climate strategies, states can prevent major energy crises, mitigate the impact of external shocks, and ensure long-term sustainable economic development. The study highlights and brings to light Romania’s energy security situation by conducting an in-depth analysis of the Romanian Power System and assessing the most severe vulnerabilities and risks that could jeopardize the proper functioning of the system and the supply to electricity consumers. Based on these findings, various strategies for the safety, security, and resilience of the Romanian Power System have been developed.

The protection of workers exposed to specific risks is regulated by a substantial and well individualized legislation on safety and health at work. Currently there are many difficulties and shortcomings in implementing legal requirements on specific risks assessment and prevention, especially due to their insufficient knowledge and understanding by employers. In this context, starting from detailing and explaining legal requirements applicable, this paper aims to summarize and systematize the information regarding available, both at national and European level, tools and guides prepared for a unitary process of implementation of legal provisions on specific risks assessment and prevention. The paper was structured so as to constitute a legal and methodological guide to assist employers and other interested parties in the effort to implement an efficient and effective management of preventive activities directed to avoid or reduce workers’ exposure to specific risks.

MATEC Web of Conferences, open access proceedings in Materials science, Engineering and Chemistry