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Adjunct Professor of Pulbic International Law, Administrative Law and Economic Regulation at IE University. I have served in a number of roles in international and national executive boards and advisory position. My areas of interest are Global Policy, Public Opinion, Energy and Sustainability, Law and Society, Diplomacy, Migrations. Postdoctoral Visiting Researcher at the Institute for Global Law and Policy, and Vice-President of the Harvard European Law Association at Harvard Law School. I earned a Ph.D. in Law and Political Science from Pablo de Olavide University. I also hold a MA in Higher Education Management (Alcalá University), as well as a JD in Law (University of Valladolid) and a MA in Political Science and Public Administration (Complutense University)
Just transition tackles the consequences of a transition to a zero-carbon economy while addressing the issues of equity and justice so that nobody is left behind. It is a roadmap that informs the action of states towards sustainable development. The paper focuses on how Argentina and Chile, with a high percentage of informality in their economies and their labour markets, have embedded just transition into their legal orders through the submission of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). The analysis of both experiences to protect workers is based upon three aspects: the Global South perspective; the 2015 ILO guidelines; the historical step that Argentina and Chile have reached in the submission of their second NDCs since these are the first Latin American countries to have expressly included just transition and work in their NDCs. After a thorough analysis, the paper concludes that this seems to be a promising first step that requires, nonetheless, a global approach in order to protect the environment and ensure that no one is left behind.
Mauro Pucheta; César Álvarez Alonso; Pedro Silva Sánchez. Just Transition and Workers’ Rights in the Global South: The Recent Argentine and Chilean Nationally Determined Contributions. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9616 .
AMA StyleMauro Pucheta, César Álvarez Alonso, Pedro Silva Sánchez. Just Transition and Workers’ Rights in the Global South: The Recent Argentine and Chilean Nationally Determined Contributions. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (17):9616.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMauro Pucheta; César Álvarez Alonso; Pedro Silva Sánchez. 2021. "Just Transition and Workers’ Rights in the Global South: The Recent Argentine and Chilean Nationally Determined Contributions." Sustainability 13, no. 17: 9616.
In June 2019, the European Union and Mercosur reached a political agreement in order to sign a comprehensive free trade agreement (FTA), which aims to increase interregional trade and to further develop cooperation in non-commercial areas, such as food security and labor regulations. The EU has a normative power through which it intends to export its values and standards. Upon the ratification of this agreement, MERCOSUR and its Member States will certainly need to reform their legal orders so as to align themselves with the food security international standards such as the International Union for the Protection of New Plant Varieties. It may also have an impact upon intellectual property regulations. Labor standards constitute another key aspect of the non-commercial interests of this agreement. In order to avoid social dumping, the EU may require MERCOSUR Member States to ratify ILO Conventions such as the 87 – which has not been ratified by Brazil yet – in order to guarantee a level playing field. Since the final text is currently being discussed, the impact of this agreement will largely depend upon the political will of both parties.
Mauro Pucheta; Cesar Alvarez Alonso; Carlos Ruiz Macho. Food Security Measures and Labor Regulations in the EU-MERCOSUR Agreement: An Overview of the Legal Challenges. Rev. secr. Trib. perm. revis. 2020, 224 -248.
AMA StyleMauro Pucheta, Cesar Alvarez Alonso, Carlos Ruiz Macho. Food Security Measures and Labor Regulations in the EU-MERCOSUR Agreement: An Overview of the Legal Challenges. Rev. secr. Trib. perm. revis.. 2020; ():224-248.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMauro Pucheta; Cesar Alvarez Alonso; Carlos Ruiz Macho. 2020. "Food Security Measures and Labor Regulations in the EU-MERCOSUR Agreement: An Overview of the Legal Challenges." Rev. secr. Trib. perm. revis. , no. : 224-248.
At present, energy transition is a crucial phenomenon that is at the very heart of governmental policies. There are a huge number of stakeholders involved in the change, but among these, the main socioeconomic actors that affect environmental and social impacts are energy companies. In this research, we analyze their institutionalized role in the Spanish wind energy sector, in the framework of the ecological movement. We consult the special views, opinions and motivations given by managers responsible for Institutional Relations in the main wind energy companies in Spain, and their perceptions of environmental reporting. We therefore tackle aspects related to the drivers of the social and environmental disclosure of environmental and social information. Research has been carried out based on documentary secondary analysis, and the use of a qualitative method with semi-structured interviews has revealed tendencies and pressures in the sector. Results suggest that the social context and public opinion pressure organizations to reveal environmental and social information. We also put forward how information is conveyed to the society through accountability practices, and the different institutionalized ways in which this is achieved.
José A. Moseñe Fierro; M. Victoria Sanagustín-Fons; César Álvarez Alonso. Accountability through Environmental and Social Reporting by Wind Energy Sector Companies in Spain. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6375 .
AMA StyleJosé A. Moseñe Fierro, M. Victoria Sanagustín-Fons, César Álvarez Alonso. Accountability through Environmental and Social Reporting by Wind Energy Sector Companies in Spain. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (16):6375.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé A. Moseñe Fierro; M. Victoria Sanagustín-Fons; César Álvarez Alonso. 2020. "Accountability through Environmental and Social Reporting by Wind Energy Sector Companies in Spain." Sustainability 12, no. 16: 6375.
Whilst walls have been erected in other regions, the construction of bridges seems to be the path explored by Latin America. Despite the rivalries created by the fast development of trade organizations, economic growth, and profits between Mercosur and the Pacific Alliance in the region, Latin American countries, through their foreign policies, have found a way to work out their divergences. They have created convergence and cooperation on key issues such as transnational migration, migrant workers’ rights, free movement of people, and educational training—and more importantly fill the gap between the two organizations by a full regional economic integrative process.
Mauro Pucheta; Cesar ALVAREZ ALONSO. Mercosur and the Pacific Alliance Convergence: Building a Level Labor Playing Field Across Latin America. Latin American Geopolitics 2019, 13 -55.
AMA StyleMauro Pucheta, Cesar ALVAREZ ALONSO. Mercosur and the Pacific Alliance Convergence: Building a Level Labor Playing Field Across Latin America. Latin American Geopolitics. 2019; ():13-55.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMauro Pucheta; Cesar ALVAREZ ALONSO. 2019. "Mercosur and the Pacific Alliance Convergence: Building a Level Labor Playing Field Across Latin America." Latin American Geopolitics , no. : 13-55.
The city has been a relevant place in the historical formation of Latin America, due to internal and external migrations. Globalization expanded not only migration but also aided the political and economic integration of Latin America in the global order. The relationship among migration, cities, and globalization demonstrates the changing nature of Latin American geopolitics. Economic growth and inequality among the regions have promoted migration flows, which has had an impact on labor regulations and migration policies across the region, as is the case in Mercosur and the Pacific Alliance countries. The contrast between an urban and a rural population is related to the role of Indigenous people in the construction of a national consciousness. Domestic migration driven by global violence is one of the effects of globalization. Migration can also trigger concerns about security, which may lead to policies based on the protection of borders as a matter of national security. Information and communications technologies (ICT) and borders enforcement demonstrate that migration cannot be addressed exclusively by domestic policies.
César Álvarez Alonso; José Ignacio Hernández; Cesar ALVAREZ ALONSO. Conclusions. Latin American Geopolitics 2019, 253 -267.
AMA StyleCésar Álvarez Alonso, José Ignacio Hernández, Cesar ALVAREZ ALONSO. Conclusions. Latin American Geopolitics. 2019; ():253-267.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCésar Álvarez Alonso; José Ignacio Hernández; Cesar ALVAREZ ALONSO. 2019. "Conclusions." Latin American Geopolitics , no. : 253-267.
The historical origins of Latin America are a consequence of the miscegenation or mestizaje. The colonization process was based on the foundation of cities, which are the basic cells of the nation-state. Nationhood is the result of the collective consciousness of an imagined political community. As a result, migration helped create a culturally mixed imagined community. Since its very origins, the Latin American nation-state has been a result of the original migration wave of the colonizers, who promoted a cultural mestizaje. Latin America and the Caribbean is nowadays the fourth-biggest migrant host area, encompassing 10 million people, but has the third-largest number of international migrants: 38 million. Temporary migration is also relevant as it too impacts geopolitics. Globalization has been promoting a more complex cultural diffusion that has not only influenced Latin American nationhood but has also helped create a global region with global cities as a result of the urbanization process.
Cesar ALVAREZ ALONSO; José Ignacio Hernández. Introduction. Latin American Geopolitics 2019, 1 -12.
AMA StyleCesar ALVAREZ ALONSO, José Ignacio Hernández. Introduction. Latin American Geopolitics. 2019; ():1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCesar ALVAREZ ALONSO; José Ignacio Hernández. 2019. "Introduction." Latin American Geopolitics , no. : 1-12.
The main objective of this exploratory study is to identify the social, economic, environmental and cultural factors related to the sustainable care of both environment and public health that most concern Twitter users. With 336 million active users as of 2018, Twitter is a social network that is increasingly used in research to get information and to understand public opinion as exemplified by Twitter users. In order to identify the factors related to the sustainable care of environment and public health, we have downloaded n = 5873 tweets that used the hashtag #WorldEnvironmentDay on the respective day. As the next step, sentiment analysis with an algorithm developed in Python and trained with data mining was applied to the sample of tweets to group them according to the expressed feelings. Thereafter, a textual analysis was used to group the tweets according to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), identifying the key factors about environment and public health that most concern Twitter users. To this end, we used the qualitative analysis software NVivo Pro 12. The results of the analysis enabled us to establish the key factors that most concern users about the environment and public health such as climate change, global warming, extreme weather, water pollution, deforestation, climate risks, acid rain or massive industrialization. The conclusions of the present study can be useful to companies and institutions that have initiatives related to the environment and they also facilitate decision-making regarding the environment in non-profit organizations. Our findings will also serve the United Nations that will thoroughly review the 17 SDGs at the High-level Political Forum in 2019.
Ana Reyes-Menendez; José Ramón Saura; Cesar Alvarez Alonso. Understanding #WorldEnvironmentDay User Opinions in Twitter: A Topic-Based Sentiment Analysis Approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 15, 2537 .
AMA StyleAna Reyes-Menendez, José Ramón Saura, Cesar Alvarez Alonso. Understanding #WorldEnvironmentDay User Opinions in Twitter: A Topic-Based Sentiment Analysis Approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15 (11):2537.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Reyes-Menendez; José Ramón Saura; Cesar Alvarez Alonso. 2018. "Understanding #WorldEnvironmentDay User Opinions in Twitter: A Topic-Based Sentiment Analysis Approach." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 11: 2537.
The main aim of this study was to identify the key indicators related to environmental management and sustainability of hotels as perceived by travelers during their trips. The methodology used was a sentiment analysis with an algorithm developed in Python trained with data mining and machine learning, with the MonkeyLearn library in the hotel industry sector under the eWOM model (e-Word of Mouth). The results with negative, positive and neutral feelings were submitted to a textual analysis with the qualitative analysis software Nvivo Pro 12. The sample consisted of the 25 best hotels in Switzerland according to Traveler’s Choice from TripAdvisor ranking 2018 that draws from more than 500,000 reviews. For data extraction, we connected to the TripAdvisor API, obtaining a sample of n = 8331 reviews of the hotels that made up the ranking. The results of the study highlight the key factors related to environmental management detected by travelers during their stay in hotels and can be meaningfully used by managers or hotel managers to improve their services and enhance the value provided by their policies of sustainability and respect for the environment. The limitations of the present study relate to the size of the sample and the number of hotels included in the present analysis.
Jose Ramon Saura; Ana Reyes-Menendez; Cesar Alvarez-Alonso. Do Online Comments Affect Environmental Management? Identifying Factors Related to Environmental Management and Sustainability of Hotels. Sustainability 2018, 10, 3016 .
AMA StyleJose Ramon Saura, Ana Reyes-Menendez, Cesar Alvarez-Alonso. Do Online Comments Affect Environmental Management? Identifying Factors Related to Environmental Management and Sustainability of Hotels. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (9):3016.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJose Ramon Saura; Ana Reyes-Menendez; Cesar Alvarez-Alonso. 2018. "Do Online Comments Affect Environmental Management? Identifying Factors Related to Environmental Management and Sustainability of Hotels." Sustainability 10, no. 9: 3016.