Preliminary protection of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) with terpenoids such as betulin, its derivatives, and essential oils components has been proposed to produce gel-like oleophilic and hydrophilic formulations. We studied the properties of gel-like dispersions of ZnO NPs with immobilized terpenoids and their effects on the activity of LDH, GR, G6PDH, restoration of redox balance of co-enzyme pairs NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH, as well as the activity of SOD, catalase, AlDH in erythrocytes in the treatment of burns in rats. Hysteresis loops on the rheograms of studied dispersions characterize their thixotropic properties. ZnO NPs with betulin diphosphate in the water–ethanol medium lead to a 20-fold increase in the hydrodynamic radius at pH 7.3 compared to the initial ZnO NPs, and facilitate the formation of Zn²⁺ ions and their penetration into the viable epidermis, unlike oleophilic dispersions. All dispersions reduce the healing time by one and a half times compared with the untreated control group, increase the activity of LDH, GR, G6PDH, SOD, catalase, AlDH, and contribute to the normalization of coenzyme balance. Normalization of the redox balance and wound state was more effective using hydrophilic dispersions due to Zn^{2 +} penetration.

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of external use of inert gases (helium and argon) on the state of free radical processes in vivo. The experiment was performed on 30 male Wistar stock rats (age‐3 months, weight–200‐220 g.), randomly distributed into 3 equal groups. The first group of animals was intact (n = 10). The animals of the second and third groups were treated with argon and helium streams, respectively. Our research has allowed us to establish that the studied inert gases have a modulating effect on the state of oxidative metabolism of rat blood, and the nature of this effect is directly determined by the type of gas. The results of this study allowed us to establish the potential antioxidant effect of the helium stream, mainly realized due to the activation of the catalytic properties of the enzymatic link of the antioxidant system of rat blood plasma. At the same time, the revealed features of shifts in oxidative metabolism during treatment with argon flow include not only stimulation of the antioxidant system but also the pronounced induction of free radical oxidation. Thus, the conducted studies made it possible to verify the specificity of the response of the oxidative metabolism of blood plasma to the use of inert gases, depending on their type.

Objective. To study intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) changes in acute period of burn disease and evaluate the capabilities of this biomarker for prediction of mortality. Material and methods. There were 38 patients with burns of 50.7±17.2% of body surface; 7 patients died. Blood sampling was carried out in 1, 2, 3, 6±2, 9±2 and 11±2 days after injury. We analyzed I-FABP concentration, free radical processes according to biochemiluminescence analysis, lipid peroxidation and activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase. Results. I-FABP was increased throughout the study. There was a correlation between I-FABP level and pro-/antioxidant imbalance. Deceased patients had 4—37 times higher concentration of I-FABP compared to survivors. The maximum values were recorded in patients with early sepsis and fatal outcome. Logistic regression revealed a relationship between mortality and high I-FABP level. I-FABP >143.6 pg/ml had good specificity (71.4%), sensitivity (81.5%) and diagnostic efficacy (79%) regarding the risk of mortality. ROC analysis demonstrated acceptable informative value of I-FABP (AUC 0.783±0.137). Conclusion. Acute period of burn disease is accompanied by increased serum I-FABP. Enterocyte membrane damage is associated with imbalance between pro- and antioxidants. Increased I-FABP correlated with sepsis. I-FABP >143.6 pg/ml in severely burned patients has significant prognostic value for mortality.

INTRODUCTION. Severe thermal injury (STI) characterized, among others, by hypoxia and oxidative stress (OS). The possibility of maintaining the antioxidant system through the antioxidants usage is proposed, but their effectiveness and duration are debatable issues. On the other hand, correction of OS at STI is theoretically possible by hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) sessions, but there is a need to assess the benefit-risk ratio. AIM. Investigate the effect of antioxidants and hyperbaric oxygenation sessions on the course of oxidative stress at severe thermal injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS. This study involved conditionally healthy individuals (n = 25), and patients with STI (n = 31), randomized into 3 groups: standard methods (n = 11), supplemented with antioxidants (daily injecting of 250 g vitamin C, 1.494 g “Cernevit” and 10 ml “Addamel N” during 14 days, n = 11) or HBO sessions (50–60 minutes in pressure chambers BLKS-30, BLKS-307/1 in the “low dose” at 1.3 Ata, n = 9). Plasma and erythrocytes were evaluated for free radical oxidation (FPO) and total antioxidant activity, malonic dialdehyde (MDA) concentration, activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione reductase. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. At the antioxidant usage was found SOD activity increase by 11 % (p 0.01) on the second day, a decrease in FROer by 13 % (p = 0.012) on the 9th day, and MDAer by 13 % (p = 0.036) on the 6th day. In the HBO group, there was 9 % increase in SOD activity (p = 0.038) after the first session, an increase in glutathione reductase activity by 15 % (p = 0.028) by the 9th day. Thus, it is possible to pre-limit the period of potentially favorable use of antioxidants and HBO, which contributes to the maximum therapeutic effect. The negative consequences caused by the use of antioxidants or HBO have not been identified in this work. CONCLUSION. The antioxidant usage at STI contributes to the growth of the antioxidant protection of erythrocytes. The HBO usage leads to an improvement in cellular respiration and antioxidant enzymes activity and does not cause a deepening of OS. The optimal duration of prescribing antioxidants is the first 6–8 days, HBO — 9–11 days from the beginning of therapy.

Wound coatings in the form of sponge plates were obtained based on hydrogels of cod collagen (CC) copolymers. The synthesis of CC copolymers with pectin was carried out in the presence of a triethylbor–hexamethylenediamine (TEB-HMDA) complex, which forms free radicals under reaction conditions, and with polyethylene glycol (PEG) during photocatalysis in the presence of RbTe_1.5W_0.5O₆ oxide under visible-light irradiation with a LED lamp. Evaluation of their effectiveness and safety for rapid healing of wounds and burn surfaces has been conducted on small animals (rats). It has shown significantly higher efficiency in comparison with commercial collagen sponges based on bovine collagen. Coatings based on cod collagen contributed to the normalization of microcirculation levels according to the results of laser Doppler flowmetry and a high rate of reduction in the area of the scalped burn wound according to planimetry. The morphological studies indicate complete epithelialization with the formation of scar tissue in all studied groups of animals. The dynamics of microcirculation parameters indicate the repair of thermal burns during local treatment with wound-healing coatings against the background of normalization of the functioning of the microcirculatory system. It is advisable to use new collagen-based polymer sponge plates to increase the effectiveness of wound treatment of various origins, shorten recovery time, and optimize the course of typical physiological reactions during the wound process in order to accelerate tissue regeneration, as well as reduce mortality.

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