There is an increasing interest in developing natural herb-infused functional beverages with health benefits; therefore, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of strawberry, blueberry, and strawberry-blueberry blend decoction-based functional beverages on obesity-related metabolic alterations in high-fat and high-fructose diet-fed rats. The administration of the three berry-based beverages for eighteen weeks prevented the development of hypertriglyceridemia in obese rats (1.29–1.78-fold) and hepatic triglyceride accumulation (1.38–1.61-fold), preventing the development of hepatic steatosis. Furthermore, all beverages significantly down-regulated Fasn hepatic expression, whereas the strawberry beverage showed the greatest down-regulation of Acaca, involved in fatty acid de novo synthesis. Moreover, the strawberry beverage showed the most significant up-regulation of hepatic Cpt1 and Acadm (fatty acid β-oxidation). In contrast, the blueberry beverage showed the most significant down-regulation of hepatic Fatp5 and Cd36 (fatty acid intracellular transport). Nevertheless, no beneficial effect was observed on biometric measurements, adipose tissue composition, and insulin resistance. On the other hand, several urolithins and their derivatives, and other urinary polyphenol metabolites were identified after the strawberry-based beverages supplementation. In contrast, enterolactone was found significantly increase after the intake of blueberry-based beverages. These results demonstrate that functional beverages elaborated with berry fruits prevent diet-induced hypertriglyceridemia and hepatic steatosis by modulating critical genes involved in fatty acid hepatic metabolism.

The residue from roselle beverage production is rich in polyphenols and dietary fiber. We investigated its potential as a preventive and therapeutic agent for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Male Wistar rats were fed a high-fat high-fructose diet (HFFD) for 17 weeks, reaching insulin resistance by week 9, and induced to T2DM with streptozotocin (STZ) at week 13. Roselle beverage residue (RBR) was administered ad libitum mixed at 6% with the HFFD. Rats received HFFD+RBR as a preventive strategy starting at week 1 (healthy) and week 9 (insulin resistant), whereas the treatment strategy in T2DM rats started at week 14 alone or in combination with metformin (200 mg/kg/day), with a control metformin-treated group. All RBR-supplemented groups showed reduced serum glucose levels (1.4-fold to 1.8-fold) compared with the HFFD+STZ control group. Preventive RBR administration enhanced pancreatic function, leading to improved insulin sensitivity (6.5-fold to 7.9-fold). Gene expression analysis identified slight alterations in hepatic and skeletal muscle glucose metabolism. Additionally, RBR supplementation demonstrated a preventive role in mitigating hyperuricemia (2.1-fold to 2.2-fold), with no effect on glomerular hyperfiltration. While the exact mechanisms underlying RBR effects remain to be fully elucidated, our findings highlight its promising potential as a dietary supplement for preventing and treating T2DM.

We are providing the genome sequence of Priestia aryabhattai SPCL1, a bacterial strain isolated from a heavy metal leachate-contaminated soil in Querétaro, México. The Illumina NovaSeq platform was used to sequence the whole genome and the sequencing data obtained, including assembly and annotation, were analyzed on the BV-BRC platform. The genome, comprising 41 contigs and approximately 5.6 million base pairs with a GC content of 37.58 mol % and 6131 protein-coding sequences. In addition, 6 contigs of 146,177 bp (36.77 mol % G + C), 126,627 bp (33.27 mol % G + C), 16,881 bp (34.13 mol % G + C), 9835 bp (34.67 mol % G + C), 7402 bp (36.54 mol % G + C) and 4590 bp (35.38 mol % G + C) were assembled as plasmids. This analysis of genomic data represents a valuable resource for increasing knowledge of this bacterial specie and for possible applications in its biological functions. The genome data was deposited at National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) under accession number Bioproject ID PRJNA1377581, Bio Sample ID SAMN53794006 and genome accession number ID JBSVDB000000000.

The Crabtree and Warburg effects both involve elevated glycolytic flux and fermentation under aerobic conditions, yet their regulatory bases differ fundamentally. In the Crabtree effect, high-glucose concentrations suppress mitochondrial respiration, redirecting carbon flux toward fermentation. In contrast, the Warburg effect, characteristic of many cancer cells, features increased mitochondrial respiration to support biosynthetic and anaplerotic demands. We recently advanced an extended metabolic definition of the Warburg effect that incorporates enhanced amino acid catabolism and elevated lipid biosynthesis, reflecting broad mitochondrial engagement beyond oxidative phosphorylation. Revisiting the metabolic behavior of the snf1∆ strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which lacks the Crabtree effect, reveals a phenotype analogous to this expanded Warburg effect framework. Under glucose-rich conditions that typically elicit the Crabtree effect, snf1∆ cells preserve high mitochondrial respiration while maintaining robust glycolysis and fermentation. These cells also display enhanced amino acid degradation that feeds the Krebs cycle and increased lipid synthesis, recapitulating hallmark features of the Warburg state. Notably, mutation of the AMPK gene, the human ortholog of SNF1, similarly drives Warburg-like reprogramming in mammalian models. Together, these data establish snf1∆ as a valuable eukaryotic model for dissecting the regulatory determinants of the Warburg effect.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. However, current diagnostic strategies have a limited capacity to identify women at risk early in pregnancy. In this longitudinal prospective pilot study, 200 pregnant Mexican women were recruited at 11–14 weeks and underwent follow-up throughout pregnancy. Of these, 34 women (19 with GDM and 15 with normal glucose tolerance [NGT]) completed follow-up and were included in the final analyses. Most withdrawals were due to logistical constraints, although the reduced final sample size should be considered when interpreting generalizability. Nine serum proteins (ADIPOQ, AFM, FABP4, IGFBP-5, PAPP-A, PAPP-A2, RBP4, RETN, SHBG) were measured simultaneously using an antibody array and subsequently validated by ELISA. FABP4 showed the greatest increase in the first trimester (4.9-fold, p = 0.0105) and the highest apparent discriminative performance (AUC = 0.91), which declined in the second and third trimesters. Exploratory, hypothesis-generating multivariable analyses suggested a stronger association when FABP4 was combined with gravidity and serum triglycerides (AUC up to 0.97). Overall, FABP4 emerged as a promising candidate biomarker for early GDM detection in Mexican women; however, these findings are preliminary and require validation in larger, independent cohorts to support early risk stratification.

Background/Objectives: Obesity-related insulin resistance leads to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, the pathophysiology of these metabolic alterations remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to characterize the lipidomic alterations during obesity–insulin resistance–T2DM progression in a high-sugar diet (HSD) model. Methods: Fruit flies were fed either a standard diet (SD) or an HSD and monitored across a 14-day period. Metabolic phenotyping and lipidomic profiling were conducted during the experiment. Results: After two days of HSD, fruit flies exhibited an obesity phenotype (50% increase in triglyceride content) and insulin resistance (hyperglycemia and insulin overexpression), progressing to an early T2DM-like state (increased triglycerides, hyperglycemia, and normal insulin expression) from days 4 to 6, and finally to a late T2DM-like phenotype (increased triglycerides, hyperglycemia, and insulin down-regulation) from days 8 to 14. Multivariate analyses indicated an altered lipidome profile in HSD-fed fruit flies from day 2 until the end of the experiment. Fatty acids and phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) containing 16:0, 16:1, and 18:1 acyl chains were significantly altered during the development of obesity-related insulin resistance and early T2DM-like state (days 2 to 6); whereas palmitic acid and oleic acid-LysoPE alterations were associated with the onset and progression of obesity-related T2DM-like state (days 4 to 14). Conclusions: The progression from obesity-related insulin resistance to a T2DM-like state in an HSD-fed D. melanogaster model is accompanied by distinct lipidomic signatures involving 16- and 18-carbon fatty acid derivatives. These findings provide insight into potential biomarkers and mechanistic pathways in the early pathogenesis of T2DM.