Pistacia vera L. (green pistachio) has been shown to increase antioxidant capacity and protect against cardiovascular diseases and cancer. This study investigated the protective effect of the Pistacia vera L. hull in rats with experimental cardiac damage induced by doxorubicin. Sixty adult Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 12). Sham, doxorubicin, doxorubicin + Pistacia vera L. extract 50 mg/kg, doxorubicin + Pistacia vera L. extract 100 mg/kg, and Pistacia vera L. extract 100 mg/kg. Biochemistry parameters, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, oxidative stress index, 8-hydroxydeoxy guanosine, and caspase 3/7 values were measured in serum samples. Excised heart tissues were examined histopathologically. The groups were statistically significantly different in 8hydroxydeoxy guanosine, caspase 3/7, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, oxidative stress index, and basal biochemical parameter values (P <.05, P <.001). In group II, 8-hydroxydeoxy guanosine, caspase 3/7, and total oxidant status values increased while the total antioxidant status value decreased (P <.001). In the treatment groups (group III and group IV), 8-hydroxydeoxy guano sine and caspase 3/7 values decreased compared to group II (P < .001). While total oxidant status and oxidative stress index values decreased in the treatment groups, total antioxidant status values increased (P <.001). The histopathological examination of the heart revealed fewer areas of focal necrosis in the treatment groups compared to group II. In this study, the cardioprotective effect of Pistacia vera L. hull extract was investigated in vivo. It was shown that Pistacia vera L. hull extract reduced apoptosis and deoxyribonucleic acid damage in the face of cardiac damage and had antioxidant activity. Future studies will increase our knowledge on this subject.

Background/Objectives: Various pathophysiological mechanisms play a role in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). There is a need for new biomarkers that can complement existing clinical findings, particularly in the early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD) and that can also contribute to more effective management of the diagnosis and treatment process. Therefore, both blood and pericardial fluid samples can provide important diagnostic information. This study aims to investigate Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 4 (SDF4) levels and thiol/disulfide homeostasis in the blood and pericardial fluid of patients with established CAD undergoing open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), in order to better characterize oxidative stress-related and redox-mediated pathophysiological processes associated with the development and progression of coronary heart disease. Comparisons with a healthy control group were performed to elucidate disease-related biochemical alterations rather than to propose these markers as diagnostic tools for CAD. Methods: In this study, intraoperatively collected venous blood and pericardial fluid samples from 45 patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting were analyzed. SDF4 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while thiol–disulfide homeostasis was assessed via spectrophotometric analysis. Results: The study revealed statistically significant differences in parameters such as SDF-4, native thiol, total thiol, disulfide, and disulfide/total thiol ratio among the control, patient serum, and pericardial fluid groups (p < 0.05). Notably, SDF-4 and disulfide levels were elevated, while thiol levels were reduced in the pericardial fluid group, suggesting increased oxidative stress and disrupted redox balance. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Variable Importance in Projection (VIP) analyses successfully demonstrated the discriminative power of these parameters among the groups. Conclusions: The increased SDF-4 levels and disturbances in the thiol–disulfide balance observed in this study indicate elevated oxidative stress and impaired cellular redox homeostasis in CAD. These findings suggest that SDF-4 and thiol–disulfide parameters may serve as important biochemical markers in the pathophysiology of CVD and hold potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.

Kardiyopulmoner Bypass’ ta Magnezyumun Önemi Öz Amaç: Magnezyum sülfat majör aritmilerin engellenmesinde kullanılan önemli bir elektrolittir. Potasyum desteğine cevabı artırmak ve atriyal fibrilasyonun oluşumunu engelleyebilmek için magnezyum desteği kalp cerrahisinde genellikle tercih edilen bir uygulamadır. Bu çalışmamızda, kardiyopulmoner bypass ameliyatı geçiren hastalarda postoperatif aritmiler üzerine magnezyumun etkisi araştırıldı. Materyal ve Metod: Kardiyopulmoner bypass cerrahisi uygulanan otuz hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi ve rastgele iki gruba ayrıldı. Çalışma grubundaki hastaların (n=15) prime solüsyonu içerisine 10 cc magnezyum sülfat eklendi. Kontrol grubundaki hastaların (n=15) prime solüsyonu içerisine ise 5 cc magnezyum sülfat ilave edildi. Magnezyum sülfat uygulanmadan önce preoperatif dönemde, prime solüsyonuna magnezyum sülfat eklendikten sonra intraoperatif dönemde ve postoperatif ilk 4 saat içerisinde kan örnekleri alındı. Bulgular: Hastaların demografik verilerinde çalışma ve kontrol grubu arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmadı. (p>0,05). Gruplar postoperatif dönemde atriyal fibrilasyon açısından karşılaştırıldığında, çalışma grubunda atriyal fibrilasyon dahil majör aritmi izlenmedi (P>0,05). Kontrol grubundaki hastaların %33,3'ünde atriyal fibrilasyon görüldü (P0.05). When the groups were compared in terms of atrial fibrillation in the postoperative period, no major arrhythmias including atrial fibrillation were observed in the study group (p>0.05). Atrial fibrillation was seen in 33.3% of the patients in the control group (p<0.05) and was found to be statistically significant. Conclusions: In patients with similar demographic data and who will undergo cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, it is thought that increasing the magnesium sulfate values applied in cardiopulmonary bypass applications and added to the prime solution and giving a higher dose to the patient are effective on postoperative atrial fibrillation and arrhythmias.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effects of cardioplegic solutions on myocardial protection factors in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass and to evaluate the relationship between these effects and early clinical outcomes.

Amaç: Kardiyopulmoner Bypass (KPB) sırasında prime solüsyonu olarak kullanılan farklı sıvıların oksidatif stresi nasıl etkilediğini ortaya koyarak açık kalp cerrahisine katkı sağlamayı amaçlıyoruz. Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya çeşitli nedenlerle açık kalp ameliyatı geçiren 21 erkek ve 9 kadın olmak üzere toplam 30 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalar kullanılan prime solüsyonlarına göre 1. Grup: Laktatlı Ringer, 2 Grup: Isolyte S olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. Bu hastalardan anestezi indüksiyonu sonrası, KPB sırasında cross-klemp takıldıktan sonra, ameliyat sonrası 1. gün ve 5. gün olmak üzere toplam 4 kan alındı. Alınan numunelerden total antioksidan stres (TAS), total oksidatif stres (TOS) ve oksidatif stres indeksi (OSİ) çalışıldı. Sonuçlar istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi. Materyal ve Metod: Bu çalışmada toplanan numuneler prime solüsyonu verilmeden önce (KPB önce) ve KPB’ dan sonrası karşılaştırıldı. Postoperatif 5. gün Ringer Laktat (RL) kullanan grupta TOS değeri preoperatif döneme göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede düşüktü (p=0,015). Yine OSİ değerleri karşılaştırıldığında Ringer Laktat (RL) grubunun OSİ değerinin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede daha düşük olduğu görüldü (p=0,032). Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonucunda Kardiyopulmoner Bypass (KPB) sırasında sıklıkla kullanılan iki tip prime solüsyonun (Ringer Laktat ve İsolayt S) TOS ve OSI değerlerinin Ringer Laktat (RL) grubunda daha düşük, Isolayt S grubundan daha üstün olduğu görüldü. Aim: We aim to contribute to open heart surgery by revealing how different fluids used as prime solution during Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB) affect oxidative stress. Material and Methods: A total of 30 patients, 21 men and 9 women, who underwent open heart surgery for various reasons were included in this study. Patients according to the prime solutions used 1. Group: Lactic Ringer was divided into two groups as 2 Groups: Isolyte S. A total of 4 blood samples were taken from these patients after anesthesia induction, after cross-clamping during CPB, on the 1st day and the 5th day after the operation. Total antioxidant stress (TAS), total oxidative stress (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSSI) were studied from the samples taken. The results were evaluated statistically. Results: Samples collected in this study were compared before prime solution (before CPB) and after CPB. In the group using Ringer Lactate (RL) on the 5th day postoperatively, the TOS value was statistically significantly lower than the preoperative period (p=0.015). Again, when the OSI values were compared, it was seen that the OSI value of the Ringer Lactate (RL) group was statistically significantly lower (p=0.032). Conclusions: As a result of our study, it was seen that the TOS and OSI values of the two types of prime solutions (Ringer Lactate and Isolayt S) frequently used during Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB) were lower in the Ringer Lactate (RL) group and superior in the Isolayt S group.

Amaç: Kardiyopulmoner Bypass'ta (KPB) kaplı ve kaplı olmayan sistemlerin antioksidanlar üzerindeki etkilerine ve elde ettiğimiz bilgiler doğrultusunda klinik uygulamalarda olası cerrahi yöntemlere katkı sağlamayı amaçlıyoruz. Yöntem: Açık kalp cerrahisi ameliyatına dahil edilen 15 kaplı ve 15 kaplı olmayan oksijenatörden toplam 30 hastadan anestezi, pompa girişi, kros klemp başlangıcı, kros klemp sonu, pompa sonu olmak üzere 5 farklı zamanda alınan kan çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bulgular: Demografik verilere göre çalışmaya dahil edilen kaplı oksijenatörler (grup I) ve kaplı olmayan oksijenatörler (grup II) olarak; 63.3'ü kadın, 36.7'si erkek olmak üzere 30 hastaya işlem uygulandı. Hasta gruplarının klemp süresi, toplam antioksidan kapasite1 ve 3 (TAOK1, TAOK 3), hemoglobin (Hgb), hematokrit (Hct) ve trombosit (Plt) değerleri cinsiyete göre gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılık göstermedi (p>0,05) ). Sonuç: Kardiyopulmoner Bypass (KPB) sırasında kaplı ve kaplı olmayan preoperatif, intraoperatif ve postoperatif dönemde Hgb, Hct ve Plt ve TAOK değerlerini etkilemediği sonucuna varıldı. Objective: We aim to contribute to the effects of coated and uncoated systems on antioxidants in Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB) and to possible surgical methods in clinical applications in line with the information we have obtained. Material And Method: Blood taken at 5 different times including anesthesia, pump entry, cross-clamp start, cross-clamp end, pump end from a total of 30 patients from 15 coated and 15 non-coated oxygenators included in open heart surgery surgery were included in the study. Result:As coated oxygenators (group I) and uncoated oxygenators (group II) included in the study according to demographic data; Thirty patients, 63.3 female and 36.7 male, underwent the procedure. Cross-clemp duration, total antioxidant capacity1 and 3 (TAOK1, TAOK 3), hemoglobin (Hgb), hematocrit (Hct) and platelet (Plt) values of the patient groups according to gender were not significantly different between the groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that coated and uncoated systems during Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB) did not affect Hgb, Hct, Plt and TAOK values in the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative periods.