The mechanism by which LED red light irradiation regulates postharvest banana ripening was evaluated in this study by the continuous irradiation of banana fruits at the mature-green stage. In this study, a self-developed LED banana fresh-keeping container lid was used to continuously irradiate the immature banana fruit. The light wavelength was 655.0 ± 1.0 nm, the light intensity was 800.0 ± 10.0 LX, and the height between the LED lamp and the fruit was 15.0 ± 0.5 cm. Bananas stored under dark conditions were used as the negative control group, and bananas stored under dark conditions after spraying with 500.0 mg/L ethephon diluent were used as the positive control group. Changes in physiological parameters related to postharvest banana ripening, such as the respiration rate, ethylene release, texture, color, carotenoid content, chlorophyll content, adenosine triphosphate content, and energy metabolism-related enzyme activities, were measured during 8 days of storage at 20.0 ± 0.1 °C to analyze the key factors determining postharvest banana ripening in response to red light. The red light-irradiated bananas had higher total color differences and higher rates of chlorophyll degradation and carotenoid synthesis than those of the ethephon-treated group during the storage period. Red light irradiation promoted banana fruit ripening and senescence mainly by promoting carotenoid synthesis, capturing absorbed light energy, accelerating energy metabolism, effectively enhancing the activities of the respiratory and energy metabolism-related enzymes H⁺ adenosine triphosphatase, Ca²⁺ adenosine triphosphatase, succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome C oxidase, and malic enzyme, and promoting organic acid degradation. In conclusion, LED red light can be used as a new physical ripening technology for bananas, with a similar effect to that of traditional ethephon treatment.

Given the potential of polyphenols to mitigate neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), this meta-analysis investigated whether clinical evidence supports the use of polyphenols for neuroprotection and as nutritional strategies in NDDs.

Polyphenols are a diverse group of plant-derived bioactives that have been investigated as multi-target candidates for the potential prevention and management of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). We conducted an integrated bibliometric and mechanistic scoping review covering 12 polyphenol classes and seven major NDDs using records from PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science (1940–2024). Research landscapes and emerging themes were mapped using keyword co-occurrence, clustering analyses, and BERTopic modeling. Mechanistic evidence was synthesized across core pathways, including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, proteostasis (amyloid/tau and α-synuclein), mitochondrial dysfunction, and cholinergic modulation, to link preclinical findings with clinical outcomes. Publication output increased markedly after 2000, with China and the United States contributing the most records. Four persistent hotspots were identified: (1) antioxidant and neuroprotective effects (e.g., resveratrol, curcumin); (2) anti-inflammatory activity and intracellular signaling; (3) cognition, aging, and sex-specific responses in clinical research; and (4) animal models of memory impairment. Clinically investigated interventions include epigallocatechin gallate, Ginkgo biloba extracts, olive/cocoa polyphenols, and flavonoid-rich mixtures; however, limited bioavailability and heterogeneous trial designs constrain the strength of effect estimates. Advances in delivery systems, computational screening, and precision nutrition may improve translation. Overall, polyphenols show multi-target neuroprotective potential, but larger and more standardized clinical trials are needed to support evidence-based nutritional strategies for NDD prevention and management.