Sustainability constitutes a strategic priority not only at the level of practical implementation but also within the framework of legal regulations and policy-making processes. Within the scope of this study, the forest-related legal frameworks of selected countries from Asia and Europe have been examined. To ensure consistency and objectivity in the analysis, a set of evaluation criteria was established, with particular attention paid to their international recognition and legitimacy. In this context, the criteria developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization and Forest Europe were adopted. Based on these internationally accepted standards, the forest legislation of the selected countries was assessed and analyzed using the EFLD (Environmental and Forest Law Department) scoring methodology to determine the extent to which sustainability is integrated into their legal systems. Six criteria were defined and evaluated separately for each country based on the overall average. It was concluded that Türkiye and Kazakhstan’s forest legislation aligns with sustainability criteria compared to other countries’ legislation, Lithuania and Iran’s forest legislation is close to the overall average, and Poland’s forest legislation requires more explicit and progressive provisions in terms of sustainability.

This scientific article is dedicated to discussing legal control issues related to the production and sale of organic products in the Republic of Kazakhstan, especially the legislative principles in this regard. The Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On the Production and Circulation of Organic Products”, adopted on 10 June 2024, enshrines only two principles; however, an analysis of the content of the Law and related legislation demonstrates the need for the legislative enshrinement of a number of principles in order to more fully regulate specific situations arising in law enforcement practice and to fill gaps in the law. The main aspect of scientific research within the framework of the selected topic is the legal fixation of the principles of production and release of biological products in legal norms, as well as the analysis of scientific methods of their concepts and content. The scientific and practical significance of this research lies in the development of legal institutions that regulate the production and circulation of biological products and fill the legal gaps in related fields in Kazakhstan. The research methodology is based on a combination of general scientific and special legal methods, namely analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, formal-legal, systemic-structural, logical-legal and comparative-legal methods. The main result of this research is the authors' classification of the principles of biological product production and circulation. The value of the conducted research lies in the expansion of the theory of legal regulation of organic production. The conclusions of the research work are of practical significance and may be used by the legislator in the process of improving the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Keywords: agro-industrial complex, natural resources, agriculture, agricultural plants, sustainable management system.

This article analyzes the legal issues arising in the regulation of the subsidization of organic agriculture. The growing demand for environmentally friendly products, threats to crop production caused by global climate change, and the need to ensure environmental safety as well as protect human life and health are giving new impetus to the development of organic agriculture. Since the production of organic products is a relatively new and developing area, the study of legal issues related to state regulation and subsidization of this sector is of particular relevance. In the context of digitalization, the use of modern information technologies is becoming increasingly important for ensuring the transparency and accessibility of the subsidy system, including in the processes of product certification, monitoring, and quality control. The study examined national legislation and the legislation of foreign countries in the field of organic agricultural production. The experience of the United States, the European Union in the field of subsidization was analyzed, and recommendations were developed for the application of best foreign practices in domestic production. The authors propose the creation of a separate digital register intended for the control and supervision of the production and circulation of organic agricultural products.