Introducción: Este trabajo se centra en la aplicación de la economía conductual al desarrollo económico en los países menos desarrollados, con el objetivo de proponer estrategias que fomenten soluciones en sintonía con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). Metodología: La metodología utilizada integra perspectivas psicológicas y económicas, aplicando un enfoque basado en Behavioral Economics. Resultados: Los principales hallazgos incluyen la identificación de patrones de comportamiento económico que desafían los enfoques tradicionales, así como la propuesta de soluciones conductuales mediante nudges para mejorar la toma de decisiones individuales y el impulso de un desarrollo que mejore la educación y la salud en los países menos desarrollados. Discusión: Se destaca que la investigación centrada en los países menos desarrollados abrirá nuevas perspectivas conductuales para abordar desafíos globales de manera más efectiva. Conclusiones: Se resalta que la economía conductual ofrece una comprensión holística de las decisiones económicas, trascendiendo los límites de los modelos tradicionales. Se pone en valor el aprovechamiento y desarrollo de talento local y el diseño de estrategias adaptadas a las realidades de cada contexto.

This study examines whether environmental assurance and environmental management certifications are associated with subsequent environmental performance and reputational exposure in European Union listed firms. Using Refinitiv Eikon panel data for 441 firms (1773 firm-year observations) from 2017–2023, we analyze environmental pillar sub-scores (Emissions, Resource Use, and Innovation) and three intensity indicators (energy, pollution, and recycled waste intensity). We estimate firm fixed-effects models for performance outcomes and Firth’s logistic regression models for media-reported environmental controversies, using lagged assurance/certification indicators. Environmental assurance is consistently associated with higher environmental sub-scores and with lower energy and pollution intensity, alongside higher recycled waste intensity. In contrast, certification effects are weaker and more heterogeneous across intensity-based indicators. Regarding reputational exposure, assured firms show a higher likelihood of subsequent media-reported environmental controversies, which is consistent with heightened scrutiny and visibility rather than evidence of intent. These findings inform boards, assurance providers, investors, and policymakers seeking to strengthen the credibility and use of corporate environmental information.

This study examines whether three cognitive biases, perceived control, loss aversion, and status quo preference, predict entrepreneurial engagement and whether these relationships vary by national income level. We combine individual-level data from the World Values Survey, Wave 7 (80,597 respondents in 59 countries), with GDP per capita from the World Bank. We estimate multilevel logistic regression models with bias-GDP interaction terms and explore mechanisms using structural equation modeling (SEM), with institutional trust, perceived safety, and economic ideology as mediators. Results show that perceived control increases the likelihood of entrepreneurial engagement, and this association is stronger in higher-GDP economies. GDP per capita exhibits a negative direct association with entrepreneurship, consistent with more necessity-driven entrepreneurship in lower-income contexts. Mediation results indicate that institutional trust partially transmits the effect of perceived control, while a direct effect remains. We discuss implications for integrated behavioral models of entrepreneurship and suggest a dual policy approach, strengthening individual agency through behavioral interventions while improving the institutional environment, especially in lower-income settings. Supplementary analyses provide construct-validity evidence for the Q42-based status quo proxy (Appendix A).