Background/Objective: Bitewing radiographs are widely used for evaluating dental caries, restorations, and periodontal status due to their low radiation dose and high image quality. While artificial intelligence–based studies are common for other dental imaging modalities, multi-class diagnostic charting on bitewing radiographs remains limited. This study aimed to simultaneously detect eight periodontal and restorative parameters using a YOLOv8x-seg–based deep learning model and to assess its diagnostic performance. Materials and Methods: A total of 1197 digital bitewing radiographs were retrospectively analyzed and annotated by experts, resulting in 7860 labels across eight conditions. Periodontal conditions included alveolar bone loss, dental calculus, and furcation defects, while restorative and dental conditions comprised caries, cervical marginal gaps, open contacts, overhanging fillings, and secondary caries. The dataset was divided on a patient basis into training (80%), validation (10%), and test (10%) sets. The YOLOv8x-seg model was trained for 800 epochs with extensive data augmentation, and performance was evaluated using precision, recall, and F1-score, along with confusion matrices. Results: The model showed the highest accuracy in the alveolar bone loss class (precision: 0.84, recall: 0.93, F1: 0.88). While moderate performance was achieved for dental calculus (F1: 0.58) and caries (F1: 0.57) detection, lower scores were recorded in low-frequency classes such as cervical marginal gap (F1: 0.23), secondary caries (F1: 0.29), overhanging filling (F1: 0.35), furcation defect (F1: 0.40), and open contact (F1: 0.41). The overall segmentation performance achieved an mAP@0.5 of 0.30 and an mAP@0.5:0.95 of 0.10, indicating an acceptable performance level for segmentation-based multi-class models. Conclusions: The obtained findings demonstrate that the YOLOv8x-seg architecture can detect and segment periodontal conditions with high success and restorative parameters with moderate success in automation processes in bitewing radiographs. Accordingly, the model presents a methodologically feasible framework for the multiple and simultaneous radiographic evaluation of periodontal and restorative findings on bitewing radiographs, with performance varying across classes and lower sensitivity observed in low-frequency conditions.

Background: Aim of this study is to assess the color matching in class III restorations made with single-shade resin composite after bleaching with different carbamide peroxide concentrations. Methods: In this study, 20 human incisors that were free of caries or enamel abnormalities and freshly extracted for periodontal or orthodontic reasons were cleaned of blood, debris, and calculus. Mesial and distal surfaces were restored with single-shade composite (Omnichroma, Tokuyama, Japan). All samples were randomly divided into two groups, all of the mesial surfaces were isolated, and distal surfaces were coated with %10 and %15 carbamide peroxide (Opalescence PF; Ultradent Products, Inc, USA). Polishing discs (Zenit Flex, President Dental, Germany) were used the composite restoration. Color matching was evaluated on photographs with a digital colorimeter. SPSS software program was used to perform statistical analysis (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results: Statistically significant difference was found between the color matching of the restorations after the 5th treatment with 15% carbamide peroxide (p = 0.004), and at the end of 10th treatment with 10% carbamide peroxide (p = 0.028). Depending on the carbamide peroxide concentration, after the 5th treatment a statistically significant difference was found between 15% and 10% carbamide peroxide (p = 0.000), but no statistically significant difference after the 10th treatment (p > 0.05). Conclusions: After carbamide peroxide bleaching, hard tissue color became lighter. Since there is no color pigment in single-shade composites, color might be lighter after bleaching. Therefore, these composites may be considered safer in bleaching. Keywords: Bleaching, Color Match, Composite

Aim: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the color stability and surface roughness of different photoinitiator systems-based nanohybrid resin composites after staining and home or office bleaching. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 resin-based composite (RBC) discs with lucirin-TPO (Tetric EvoCeram, Ivoclar Vivadent) or champhoroquinon (CQ) (Grandio, Voco) were preperad (8x2mm). At baseline, post-coffee staining (12 days/37°C), and bleaching, color values (ΔE*Lab) using spectrophotometre and surface roughness (Ra) by profilometer were measured. Hydrogen peroxide gel 35% (Whiteness HP, FGM) for office bleaching and carbamide peroxide gel 16% (Whiteness Perfect, FGM) for home bleaching were used. One sample of each groups was evaluated under scanning electron microscopy. Statistical analyses were performed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD, dependent t-test and non-parametric tests (p

This study evaluated the effects of aging, coffee staining, and bleaching on the optical properties of injectable resin composites with varying filler types, resin matrix compositions, and shade-matching strategies. Six injectable resin composites and one conventional microhybrid composite were evaluated (n = 20 per material; 140 specimens in total). For each material, specimens were randomly allocated to two subgroups (n = 10): thermocycling or 12-day coffee staining followed by in-office bleaching. Disc-shaped specimens were fabricated, and baseline color, whiteness index, and translucency were recorded. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA and one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s HSD post hoc test for between-material comparisons (α = 0.05). Significant differences among materials were observed after aging, staining, and bleaching (p < 0.001). After aging, the multi-shade nanofilled FSF, group-shade nanohybrid NSF, and conventional microhybrid GDA showed the lowest color changes, whereas the one-shade composites showed the highest. Coffee staining reduced whiteness and translucency in all groups, with the greatest whiteness loss observed in the one-shade composites. Bleaching reduced staining-induced discoloration in all materials, most markedly in the one-shade nanohybrid CBF; however, residual color differences relative to baseline remained above the acceptability threshold in all materials. After bleaching, translucency in the supra-nanospherical OBF and EBF composites exceeded baseline values beyond the perceptibility threshold. Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the evaluated resin composites exhibited material-dependent changes in color, whiteness, and translucency following artificial aging, coffee staining, and bleaching, with incomplete recovery of baseline optical properties after bleaching.