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Ruxin Jing
Department of Engineering Structures, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

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Research article
Published: 05 April 2021 in Road Materials and Pavement Design
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Moisture sorption can significantly influence hydrothermal ageing and alter the chemical and rheological properties of bituminous mastics. Mineral filler particles are added to bituminous binders to form mastics with increased stiffness. The addition of fillers can considerably change the moisture sorption and the physico-chemical properties of binders by surface interactions and physical presence. This study aims to investigate the effect of filler type on the moisture-induced changes of bituminous mastics after wetting-drying cycles by means of sorption, rheological and infrared spectrometry tests. The results show that mineral fillers with higher diffusivity increase the overall capacity of mastics to absorb moisture, but at the same time allow for moisture desorption during drying. Nevertheless, it has been found that it is not the diffusivity properties but rather the bitumen and filler interactions that control the hydrothermal ageing of the mastics.

ACS Style

Aikaterini Varveri; Ruxin Jing; Giulia Tarsi; Sandra Erkens. Effect of filler properties on the hydrothermal ageing of bituminous mastics. Road Materials and Pavement Design 2021, 22, S2 -S22.

AMA Style

Aikaterini Varveri, Ruxin Jing, Giulia Tarsi, Sandra Erkens. Effect of filler properties on the hydrothermal ageing of bituminous mastics. Road Materials and Pavement Design. 2021; 22 (sup1):S2-S22.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aikaterini Varveri; Ruxin Jing; Giulia Tarsi; Sandra Erkens. 2021. "Effect of filler properties on the hydrothermal ageing of bituminous mastics." Road Materials and Pavement Design 22, no. sup1: S2-S22.

Journal article
Published: 25 May 2020 in Molecules
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Organosolv lignin, a natural polymer, has been used in this study as an oxidation inhibitor in bitumen. Particularly, the effect of oxidative aging on the chemical compositional changes and on the rheology of bituminous binders with organosolv lignin and the impact to inhibit oxidation in bitumen were evaluated. Firstly, after analyzing the microstructure and surface characteristics of utilized organosolv lignin, a high shear mixing procedure was followed to produce binders of different proportions of lignin in bitumen. Pressure aging vessel conditioning was applied to these binders to simulate in-field aging and a series of tests were performed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to track the compositional changes of lignin–bitumen systems before and after aging respectively. The rheological changes due to oxidative aging in the different lignin–bitumen systems were studied by means of dynamic shear rheometer tests. Based on the spectroscopic laboratory analyses, certain proportions of organosolv lignin in bitumen have shown a potential oxidation retardation effect in bitumen since a reduction of carbonyl and sulfoxide compounds was observed. However, the addition of lignin reduced the fatigue life of bitumen and potentially led to an increase in brittle fracture sensitivity at low and medium temperatures. Nevertheless, lignin improved the rutting resistance at high temperatures. Overall, it can be concluded that organosolv lignin can suppress the oxidation of sulfur and carbon compounds in bitumen either by direct deceleration of oxidation reaction or interaction with compounds that otherwise are oxidizable, without seriously degrading the mechanical properties.

ACS Style

Yi Zhang; Xueyan Liu; Panos Apostolidis; Ruxin Jing; Sandra Erkens; Natascha Poeran; Athanasios Skarpas. Evaluation of Organosolv Lignin as an Oxidation Inhibitor in Bitumen. Molecules 2020, 25, 2455 .

AMA Style

Yi Zhang, Xueyan Liu, Panos Apostolidis, Ruxin Jing, Sandra Erkens, Natascha Poeran, Athanasios Skarpas. Evaluation of Organosolv Lignin as an Oxidation Inhibitor in Bitumen. Molecules. 2020; 25 (10):2455.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yi Zhang; Xueyan Liu; Panos Apostolidis; Ruxin Jing; Sandra Erkens; Natascha Poeran; Athanasios Skarpas. 2020. "Evaluation of Organosolv Lignin as an Oxidation Inhibitor in Bitumen." Molecules 25, no. 10: 2455.

Journal article
Published: 12 December 2019 in Materials
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As bitumen oxidizes, material stiffening and embrittlement occur, and bitumen eventually cracks. The use of anti-oxidants, such as lignin, could be used to delay oxidative aging and to extend the lifetime of asphalt pavements. In this study, the chemical and rheological effect of lignin on bitumen was evaluated by using a single dosage organsolv lignin (10 wt.% dosage). A pressure aging vessel (PAV) was used to simulate the long-term aging process after performing the standard short-term aging procedure, and the lignin-modified bituminous binders were characterized by an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR). From the ESEM results, the uniform microstructure was observed, indicating that the addition of lignin did not affect the worm structure of bitumen. Based on the FTIR test results, lignin-modified bitumen showed that a lower number of carbonyl and sulfoxide compounds were generated after aging than for neat bitumen. Based on the linear amplitude sweep (LAS) results, the addition of lignin slightly reduced the fatigue life of bitumen. From the frequency sweep results, it showed that lignin in bitumen acts as a modifier since the physical interaction between lignin and bitumen predominantly affects the material rheology. Overall, lignin could be a promising anti-oxidant due to its economic and environmental benefits.

ACS Style

Yi Zhang; Xueyan Liu; Panos Apostolidis; Wolfgang Gard; Martin Van De Ven; Sandra Erkens; Ruxin Jing. Chemical and Rheological Evaluation of Aged Lignin-Modified Bitumen. Materials 2019, 12, 4176 .

AMA Style

Yi Zhang, Xueyan Liu, Panos Apostolidis, Wolfgang Gard, Martin Van De Ven, Sandra Erkens, Ruxin Jing. Chemical and Rheological Evaluation of Aged Lignin-Modified Bitumen. Materials. 2019; 12 (24):4176.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yi Zhang; Xueyan Liu; Panos Apostolidis; Wolfgang Gard; Martin Van De Ven; Sandra Erkens; Ruxin Jing. 2019. "Chemical and Rheological Evaluation of Aged Lignin-Modified Bitumen." Materials 12, no. 24: 4176.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2019 in Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
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ACS Style

Ruxin Jing; Feng Zhang; Decheng Feng; Xueyan Liu; Athanasios Scarpas. Dynamic Shear Modulus and Damping Ratio of Compacted Silty Clay Subjected to Freeze–Thaw Cycles. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 2019, 31, 04019244 .

AMA Style

Ruxin Jing, Feng Zhang, Decheng Feng, Xueyan Liu, Athanasios Scarpas. Dynamic Shear Modulus and Damping Ratio of Compacted Silty Clay Subjected to Freeze–Thaw Cycles. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 2019; 31 (10):04019244.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ruxin Jing; Feng Zhang; Decheng Feng; Xueyan Liu; Athanasios Scarpas. 2019. "Dynamic Shear Modulus and Damping Ratio of Compacted Silty Clay Subjected to Freeze–Thaw Cycles." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 31, no. 10: 04019244.

Articles
Published: 04 September 2019 in Road Materials and Pavement Design
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Ageing has a significant impact on the chemical and mechanical properties of bituminous materials. In this study, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) tests were utilised to investigate the effect of ageing on the chemical and rheological properties of bitumen. Bitumen films with thickness of 2 mm were exposed to laboratory ageing at various conditions. Specifically, different combinations of ageing time, temperature and pressure were applied on the bitumen samples. The FTIR results were used to quantify the changes in the chemical functional groups and to calculate the combined ageing index (summation of carbonyl and sulfoxide indices) of bitumen. In addition, the DSR test results were analysed to determine the evolution of the black diagrams, crossover frequency and crossover modulus with ageing. A linear relationship was found between the combined ageing index and the distance in the crossover map, providing thus a chemo-mechanics framework to describe bitumen ageing. The results were validated by using data of field aged samples.

ACS Style

Ruxin Jing; Aikaterini Varveri; Xueyan Liu; Athanasios Scarpas; Sandra Erkens. Ageing effect on chemo-mechanics of bitumen. Road Materials and Pavement Design 2019, 22, 1044 -1059.

AMA Style

Ruxin Jing, Aikaterini Varveri, Xueyan Liu, Athanasios Scarpas, Sandra Erkens. Ageing effect on chemo-mechanics of bitumen. Road Materials and Pavement Design. 2019; 22 (5):1044-1059.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ruxin Jing; Aikaterini Varveri; Xueyan Liu; Athanasios Scarpas; Sandra Erkens. 2019. "Ageing effect on chemo-mechanics of bitumen." Road Materials and Pavement Design 22, no. 5: 1044-1059.

Journal article
Published: 16 August 2019 in International Journal of Pavement Engineering
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ACS Style

Ruxin Jing; Aikaterini Varveri; Xueyan Liu; Athanasios Scarpas; Sandra Erkens. Rheological, fatigue and relaxation properties of aged bitumen. International Journal of Pavement Engineering 2019, 21, 1024 -1033.

AMA Style

Ruxin Jing, Aikaterini Varveri, Xueyan Liu, Athanasios Scarpas, Sandra Erkens. Rheological, fatigue and relaxation properties of aged bitumen. International Journal of Pavement Engineering. 2019; 21 (8):1024-1033.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ruxin Jing; Aikaterini Varveri; Xueyan Liu; Athanasios Scarpas; Sandra Erkens. 2019. "Rheological, fatigue and relaxation properties of aged bitumen." International Journal of Pavement Engineering 21, no. 8: 1024-1033.

Research article
Published: 05 March 2019 in Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
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Oxidative aging takes place in bituminous materials during the construction and service life of asphalt pavements and has a significant effect on their performance. In this study, porous asphalt cores were obtained from field test sections each year from 2014 to 2017. The evolution of the properties of the field cores and the recovered bitumen with time was investigated. Cyclic indirect tensile tests were performed to determine changes in the mechanical behavior of porous asphalt due to aging. Additionally, bitumen was extracted and recovered from 13 mm slices along the depth of the cores. The rheological and chemical properties of the recovered bitumen, as well as that of original bitumen aged in standard short- and long-term aging protocols, were investigated by means of dynamic shear rheometer and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The results show that the degree of aging is spatially dependent, resulting in a stiffness gradient within the asphalt layer. Moreover, the results demonstrate a weak relation between field aging and the standard laboratory aging protocols.

ACS Style

Ruxin Jing; Aikaterini Varveri; Xueyan Liu; Athanasios Scarpas; Sandra Erkens. Laboratory and Field Aging Effect on Bitumen Chemistry and Rheology in Porous Asphalt Mixture. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2019, 2673, 365 -374.

AMA Style

Ruxin Jing, Aikaterini Varveri, Xueyan Liu, Athanasios Scarpas, Sandra Erkens. Laboratory and Field Aging Effect on Bitumen Chemistry and Rheology in Porous Asphalt Mixture. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 2019; 2673 (3):365-374.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ruxin Jing; Aikaterini Varveri; Xueyan Liu; Athanasios Scarpas; Sandra Erkens. 2019. "Laboratory and Field Aging Effect on Bitumen Chemistry and Rheology in Porous Asphalt Mixture." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 3: 365-374.

Journal article
Published: 13 November 2018 in Applied Sciences
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Asphalt mortar is a mixture of bitumen, filler, and sand. Mortar plays an important role in asphalt mixtures as it serves as the adhesive between the coarser aggregates. Due to the effect of bitumen ageing, the chemical and mechanical properties of asphalt mortar evolve with time. The mortar becomes more brittle and prone to cracking, thus leading to inferior pavement performance. In this study, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry was used to quantify changes in the chemical functional groups related to ageing and to calculate the carbonyl and sulfoxide indices. In addition, frequency sweep tests and uniaxial tension tests were performed by means of dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) tests to determine evolution of the stiffness and strength due to ageing. Two different oven ageing protocols were used to evaluate the effect of fine mineral particles on bitumen ageing. The protocols differed with respect to the order of ageing and mixing of the constituents. The results showed that both the chemical and mechanical properties of mortars significantly changed with ageing. Specifically, the carbonyl index, stiffness, and strength of the mortar increased. Under the same ageing conditions, a higher ageing level was observed for mortars produced by first mixing and then ageing compared to the mortars produced by mixing aged bitumen with filler and sand. This could be due to the presence of sand and filler particles, which resulted in an increased length of diffusion paths and consequently a slower ageing process.

ACS Style

Ruxin Jing; Xueyan Liu; Aikaterini Varveri; Athanasios Scarpas; Sandra Erkens. The Effect of Ageing on Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Asphalt Mortar. Applied Sciences 2018, 8, 2231 .

AMA Style

Ruxin Jing, Xueyan Liu, Aikaterini Varveri, Athanasios Scarpas, Sandra Erkens. The Effect of Ageing on Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Asphalt Mortar. Applied Sciences. 2018; 8 (11):2231.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ruxin Jing; Xueyan Liu; Aikaterini Varveri; Athanasios Scarpas; Sandra Erkens. 2018. "The Effect of Ageing on Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Asphalt Mortar." Applied Sciences 8, no. 11: 2231.

Conference paper
Published: 13 September 2018 in High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 6
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Ageing has a significant impact on the chemical and mechanical behavior of bituminous materials. In this study, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) tests were utilized to investigate the effect of ageing on the chemical and mechanical properties of bitumen. Bitumen films with thickness of 2 mm were exposed to laboratory ageing at various conditions. Specifically, different combinations of ageing time, temperature and pressure were applied on the materials. The FTIR results were used to quantify the changes in the chemical functional groups and to calculate the combined ageing index (summation of carbonyl and sulfoxide indices) of bitumen. In addition, the DSR test results were analyzed to determine the evolution of the crossover frequency and crossover modulus with ageing. A linear relationship was found between the combined ageing index and the distance in the crossover map, providing thus a chemo-mechanics framework to describe bitumen ageing.

ACS Style

Ruxin Jing; Aikaterini Varveri; Xueyan Liu; Athanasios Scarpas; Sandra Erkens. Ageing Effect on Chemo-Mechanics of Bitumen. High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 6 2018, 71 -76.

AMA Style

Ruxin Jing, Aikaterini Varveri, Xueyan Liu, Athanasios Scarpas, Sandra Erkens. Ageing Effect on Chemo-Mechanics of Bitumen. High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 6. 2018; ():71-76.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ruxin Jing; Aikaterini Varveri; Xueyan Liu; Athanasios Scarpas; Sandra Erkens. 2018. "Ageing Effect on Chemo-Mechanics of Bitumen." High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 6 , no. : 71-76.

Conference paper
Published: 01 June 2015 in Innovative Materials and Design for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure
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This paper is concerned with the mechanical properties of compacted silty clay subjected to freeze-thaw in cold regions. A series of unconsolidated-undrained triaxial compression experiments were conducted on compacted Harbin silty clay to investigate the effect of confining pressure, number of freeze-thaw cycle, initial compaction degree, and initial water content on the stress-strain relationship, failure strength and tangent modulus. The results show that the normalized failure strength and tangent modulus are stable after three freeze-thaw cycles, and increase with the increase in initial compaction degree and reduction in the initial water content. Finally, the modified parameters and six functions were proposed to consider effects of influence factors and were implemented into the empirical model of failure strength and tangent modulus. The validations show the calculated data get well agreement with experimental data.

ACS Style

Feng Zhang; Ruxin Jing; Decheng Feng; Bo Lin. Mechanical Properties and an Empirical Model of Compacted Silty Clay Subjected to Freeze-Thaw Cycles. Innovative Materials and Design for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure 2015, 1 .

AMA Style

Feng Zhang, Ruxin Jing, Decheng Feng, Bo Lin. Mechanical Properties and an Empirical Model of Compacted Silty Clay Subjected to Freeze-Thaw Cycles. Innovative Materials and Design for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure. 2015; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Feng Zhang; Ruxin Jing; Decheng Feng; Bo Lin. 2015. "Mechanical Properties and an Empirical Model of Compacted Silty Clay Subjected to Freeze-Thaw Cycles." Innovative Materials and Design for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 15 March 2012 in Advanced Science Letters
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The cement concrete pavement has a high strength, stiffness and service life, besides, it also has a good plate property. However, the brittle fracture property of cement concrete restricts its using in the high grade pavement construction. Based on three-point-bending beam with initial notch test, the resistant fracture ability of concrete with polypropylene fiber has been analyzed. Concrete with different polypropylene fiber mass content, 0.2%, 0.4%, 1.6% and 3.2%, has been employed using three-point-loading standard test. P-Crack Mouth Open Displacement (short for CMOD) curves were also obtained during the test. From the test result, it could been concluded that, with the polypropylene fiber mass content increasing, the concrete could reflect more and more roughness to resist brittle fracture.

ACS Style

Peng Cao; Decheng Feng; Wenxin Zuo; Ruxin Jing. Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete Fracture Behavior Research Using Three-Point Bending Beam Test. Advanced Science Letters 2012, 6, 267 -270.

AMA Style

Peng Cao, Decheng Feng, Wenxin Zuo, Ruxin Jing. Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete Fracture Behavior Research Using Three-Point Bending Beam Test. Advanced Science Letters. 2012; 6 (1):267-270.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peng Cao; Decheng Feng; Wenxin Zuo; Ruxin Jing. 2012. "Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete Fracture Behavior Research Using Three-Point Bending Beam Test." Advanced Science Letters 6, no. 1: 267-270.