Composite materials are commonly employed because of their superior mechanical and electrical properties, as well as their lower density compared to metals. In this research, ceramic waste from the Casablanca region (Morocco) was incorporated into a composite material by combining it with finely ground ceramic fragments (CB) in an unsaturated polymer (UP) resin. The study objectives include the characterization of ceramic waste, evaluation of the mechanical stiffness, influenced by CB content and specimen thickness, and the assessment of its hydric behavior and erosion resistance in aggressive chemical environments. This valorization approach includes a baseline assessment of unmodified ceramic waste and UP’s compatibility and systematic documentation of geometry-dependent stiffness in short-cylinder compression tests. Several methods were used to characterize the material, including XRD, optical microscopy, FTIR-ATR, erosion testing, hydric behavior analysis, surface area measurement, and Young’s modulus. The results showed increased tensile strength and stiffness compared to the starting materials through the evolution of Young’s modulus, demonstrating the enhanced mechanical quality of the composite. Additionally, the material properties changed with the CB content and thickness of the sample, which indicated the potential for optimization. These findings advocate for the reuse of Moroccan industrial ceramic waste as a viable mineral filler for semi-structural polymer composites, supporting the circular economy, environmental sustainability, and public health.

Cordierite-based ceramics (Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈) were successfully synthesized and comprehensively characterized to evaluate their structural and dielectric behavior for high-temperature electronic applications. Morphological, microstructural and vibrational analyses confirm the high phase purity and structural integrity of the synthesized material. Dielectric measurements reveal high real permittivity (ε′) values at low frequencies and elevated temperatures, mainly attributed to interfacial polarization arising from Schottky-type barriers at grain–grain and surface–volume interfaces, underscoring the crucial influence of heterogeneous interfaces on the dielectric response. The electrical conductivity follows a thermally activated hopping mechanism involving both intra-grain and grain-boundary charge transport. Analysis of the electric modulus formalism provides further insight into relaxation dynamics: the real (M′) and imaginary (M″) components highlight pronounced space-charge effects, with M″ exhibiting a distinct relaxation peak (M″) associated with grain contributions. The systematic shift of this peak toward higher frequencies with increasing temperature indicates enhanced charge-carrier mobility and a strongly thermally activated relaxation process. The frequency-dependent conductivity displays two regimes: a low-frequency plateau corresponding to dc conductivity and a high-frequency dispersive region following a power-law behavior characteristic of hopping conduction, with power-law exponents (α₁ and α₂) markedly lower than unity, confirming the non-Debye character of the relaxation processes. The hopping frequency (ω) increases with temperature, further supporting the thermally activated nature of charge transport. Activation energies extracted from Arrhenius plots of dc conductivity are 0.88 eV for grain boundaries and 0.83 eV for grains, demonstrating that both microstructural regions significantly contribute to the overall conduction process.

Safe drinking water remains an issue all around the world, especially in arid countries that require seawater desalination to obtain safe water. This research seeks to analyze water quality at the major stages of an SWRO plant, i.e., raw seawater intake, RO permeate, reject brine, and distribution network water. For the study, conventional physicochemical methods of water quality analysis, as well as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, were used. Four water samples were taken at different stages of the treatment process: raw seawater (feed water), RO permeate, reject brine, and distribution network water. Physicochemical parameters, such as pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), major ions (Na⁺, Cl⁻, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺), and heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cr, and Hg) concentrations, were evaluated. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate ionic transport, dielectric relaxation, and interfacial polarization mechanisms within the tested solutions. It has been shown that RO membranes are capable of rejecting major ions up to 95–99%, as can be seen in the low values of conductivity and TDS of RO permeate. EIS analysis also allowed for identifying specific electrochemical characteristics of all four types of water, with brine being characterized by the highest polarization rates and relaxation times.

Phosphoric acid (PA) is one of the most critical raw materials for global fertilizer production and chemical industries; however, untreated Moroccan phosphoric acid offers significant challenges due to impurities. This study presents a novel two–step purification method for untreated Moroccan...