Bu çalışma, Kayseri ve civar illerindeki çiftliklerden 01 Ağustos 2019 ve 31 Ağustos 2021 tarihleri arasında, Erciyes Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Eğitim Araştırma ve Uygulama Hastanesi’ne getirilen neonatal ishalli buzağılarda BRV, BCoV, E. coli K99+, Cryptosporidium spp. ve Giardia spp.’nin görülme oranlarını belirlemeyi amaçlayan retros-pektif bir araştırmadır. Belirtilen periyotlar arasında, hastaneye toplamda 1839 buzağı getirildiği tespit edildi. Bu buzağı-lardan 863’ünün İç Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı Ruminant Kliniğine getirildiği ve bunlardan 560’ının (%65) klinik ishal belir-tisine sahip olduğu belirlendi. İshalli buzağılardan alınan dışkı örneklerinden, tek bir enteropatojen olarak en çok, BCoV (%21.7), sonra sırasıyla; Cryptosporidium spp. (%18.3), ETEC K99+ (F5) (%14.3), BRV (%11.4), Giardia spp. (%0.6) tespit edildiği belirlendi. Birden fazla enteropatojen olarak ise en çok, Cryptosporidium spp. + BRV (8.0%), sonra sıra-sıyla; BRV + BCoV (%7.4), Cryptosporidium spp. + BCoV (%6.3), BRV + ETEC K99+ (%1.1), BRV + BCoV + Cryptos-poridium spp. (%2.3) teşhisi konulduğu gözlendi. 1-7 günlük neonatal ishalli buzağılarda en çok ETEC K99+ (%34.7), 8-14 günlük neonatal ishalli buzağılarda ise en çok Cryptosporidium spp. (%23.9) kaynaklı ishal vakalarının görüldüğü belirlendi. İlkbahar ve kış mevsiminde, en çok BCoV (sırasıyla, %22.5, %25.5), yaz ve sonbahar mevsiminde ise en çok Cryptosporidium spp. (sırasıyla, %26.9, %31.8) kaynaklı ishal teşhisi konulduğu görüldü. Sonuç olarak, 2019-2021 yılları arasında, Kayseri ve civar illerinden Erciyes Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Eğitim Araştırma ve Uygulama Hastanesi’ne getirilen neonatal ishalli buzağılarda, en çok BCoV kaynaklı buzağı ishallerinin görüldüğü ortaya konuldu. Enteropatojenlerin prevalansının örnekleme yeri, zamanı, mevsim gibi çeşitli faktörlere bağlı olarak değişebileceği ve bu çalışmadan elde edilen bulguların buzağı ishalinin önlenmesi için gerekli profilaktik ve yönetimsel önlemlerin alınma-sında faydalı olabileceği sonucuna varıldı.

Ekinci G, et al. J Vet Sci. 2024 May;25(3):e38. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.23155

White muscle disease (WMD) is a degenerative condition of the skeletal and/or cardiac muscle associated with selenium (Se) and/or vitamin E deficiency, which can present in acute, subacute, or chronic forms, and is most commonly observed in young, rapidly growing animals, though it may also occur in older individuals. This study aims to determine the serum concentrations of galectin-3 (Gal-3), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), as well as the activity of creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), in lambs diagnosed with WMD, and to investigate the diagnostic potential of these biomarkers in the evaluation of myocardial injury and skeletal and/or cardiac muscle necrosis associated with WMD. A total of 50 lambs, 20 healthy and 30 with WMD, were included in the study. The diagnosis of WMD was made based on clinical signs, laboratory results, necropsy findings, and blood vitamin E and Se concentrations. The lambs in the WMD group were categorized into two subgroups: confirmed, severe aWMD (acute animals, n = 10) lambs and presumed sWMD (subacute animals, n = 20), based on the clinical progression and severity of the disease. Serum levels of NT-proBNP, Gal-3, and cTnI were assessed using the ELISA technique. Levels of cTnI and CK-MB indicative of myocardial injury were found to be considerably elevated in the aWMD group (p < 0.001) in comparison to both the sWMD and control groups. CK-MB showed a strong positive correlation with cTnI (r = 0.819, p < 0.001). The serum concentrations of Gal-3 and NT-proBNP in healthy lambs were 2.55 ± 0.52 ng/mL and 3.28 ± 0.71 ng/mL, respectively. Serum Gal-3 concentrations were measured as 2.99 ± 0.44 ng/mL in the aWMD group and 3.07 ± 0.42 ng/mL in the sWMD group, while NT-proBNP concentrations were 2.15 ± 0.32 ng/mL and 2.64 ± 0.55 ng/mL in the aWMD and sWMD groups, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found in serum Gal-3 or NT-proBNP levels among the three groups (p > 0.05). In conclusion, this study is the first investigation assessing serum concentrations of Gal-3 and NT-proBNP in lambs afflicted with WMD. The results suggest that Gal-3 and NT-proBNP are ineffective biomarkers for assessing myocardial injury and skeletal and/or cardiac muscle necrosis associated with WMD in lambs. However, cTnI and CK-MB appear to be significant indicators of cardiac involvement in both acute and subacute scenarios. Further research is required to elucidate the molecular function of Gal-3 in muscle and cardiac disease in lambs afflicted with WMD.

In this case report, Enterobacter cloacae (E. cloacae) a rare gram-negative bacterium, and generalized demodicosis were evaluated in the etiology of pyoderma in a 7-month-old Pug dog. As a result of parasitological and bacteriological examinations, Demodex canis (D. canis) and a gram-negative bacterium (E. cloacae) were isolated and identified from deep skin scraping and biopsy samples. A combination of afoxolaner and milbemycin oxime (at the recommended dose of 2.5 – 5 mg/kg of afoxolaner and 0.5-1 mg/kg of milbemycin oxime, Nexgard Spectra® Chewables for Dogs 3.5-7.5 kg, Boehringer Ingelheim) was used for miticidal treatment. For antibacterial treatment, a combination of cefazolin (at a dose of 20 mg/kg, IV, twice daily) and benzylpenicillin + dihydrostreptomycin (at a dose of 0.5 mL/5 kg, IM, daily once) was used until the bacterial culture and antibiogram results were available. The dog was taken to his own shelter by the owner. His treatment was followed by the veterinarian and the animal owner there. It was learned that the dog died on the 3rd day after the treatment. In conclusion, clinicians should consider that rare bacteria such as E. cloacae may be present in the etiology of refractory, persistent, generalized demodicosis complicated with pyoderma cases. In order to rule out the resistance problem until the antibiogram results are available, it is important to choose antibiotics that are rarely used in clinical routine, to identify common and less commonly isolated bacteria by performing bacterial culture and antibiogram from time to time, and to reveal the resistance profiles of these bacteria.

This study was aimed to determine the possible differences between two different oscillometric devices measured blood pressure. Additionally, it was carried out to determine the range levels of blood pressure measured in healthy cats admitted to a small animal clinic. In different breeds, healthy 50 cats, the median age was 8.75 months, and ranged between 3 to 36 months) were included in this study. Blood pressure values and pulse measurements of the cats were measured using the wall mounted (WMD) and mobile (MD) BP monitors. BP measurements were taken from the right front leg, arteria radialis on the mid of the antebrachium and tail root over the arteria coccygea medialis on the median line. Mean SBP measurements taken from right forelimb (135.90±16.34 mmHg) and tail (145.32±21.20 mmHg) by WMD were statistically different (P=0.020). Mean DBP (mmHg), MAP (mmHg) and Pulse (bpm) measurements were not different on different sites by each device (P>0.05). Mean SBP, DBP, MAP and pulse values of the right front forelimb using the mobile device were 136.10±16.37 mmHg, 83.74±17.0, 101.62±16.13 mmHg and 167 (134-227) bpm respectively. As a result, oscillometric blood pressure mobile devices and wall-mounted devices are compatible and can be used interchangeably in measuring the blood pressure in healthy cats. It is recommended to use the right forelimb for measuring blood pressure in cats. The reference ranges derived from in this study can be used by veterinary clinicians or technicians.