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This research applies an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) to empirically investigate consumers’ intentions in Pakistan to purchase energy-efficient appliances (EEAs). Most developing countries face energy crises. As a result, many countries consider EEAs to be part of the solution to energy-related problems and teach sustainable consumption behavior to consumers. Previous studies have neglected developing countries in this context, yet developing markets have great potential for EEA adoption. To understand EEA adoption, we incorporated such variables as warm glow benefits, utilitarian environmental benefits, normative beliefs, and moral obligations as antecedents to TPB variables. The moderating effect of eco-literacy between attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control (PBC), and purchase intention toward EEAs are also examined. Data was gathered through a survey questionnaire from 673 Pakistani consumers to empirically test the proposed hypotheses. The results reveal that utilitarian environmental benefits and warm glow benefits significantly influence attitudes toward EEAs. The findings also show a positive effect of normative beliefs on subjective norms. The interaction effect of eco-literacy positively influences the relationship between attitude and purchase intention, with similar results for subjective norms and purchase intention. However, no significant moderating effect of eco-literacy is found between PBC and purchase intention. Furthermore, we performed multi-group analysis to explore significant group differences by utilizing socio-demographic variables such as gender, age, education, and income. The results show significant group differences, with females’ purchasing behavior, younger consumers, and educated consumers being more readily influenced. Finally, insights for policymakers, suggestions and future directions are discussed.
Muhammad Bhutto; Xiaohui Liu; Yasir Soomro; Myriam Ertz; Yasser Baeshen. Adoption of Energy-Efficient Home Appliances: Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior. Sustainability 2020, 13, 250 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Bhutto, Xiaohui Liu, Yasir Soomro, Myriam Ertz, Yasser Baeshen. Adoption of Energy-Efficient Home Appliances: Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior. Sustainability. 2020; 13 (1):250.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Bhutto; Xiaohui Liu; Yasir Soomro; Myriam Ertz; Yasser Baeshen. 2020. "Adoption of Energy-Efficient Home Appliances: Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior." Sustainability 13, no. 1: 250.
The workforce of growing globalization has led to a large number of expatriate employees working overseas for short term employment. An expatriate assignment is strongly correlated with a variety of difficulties that affect expatriates’ adjustment abroad. Therefore, the aim of this article is: (1) to determine the challenges encountered by Chinese expatriates in Pakistan and (2) to determine the role of cross-cultural training for a successful international assignment. The paper adopts a qualitative approach by conducting semi-structured interviews; the interviews were conducted with 22 males and eight females, forming a total of 30 Chinese employees with the average age of 34.5 years, working in different Chinese organizations in Pakistan in 2018. The findings of this study revealed that the most significant challenges faced by Chinese expatriates in Pakistan were cultural differences and language barriers in both work and non-work factors, whereas, those Chinese expatriates who were trained through formal and informal learning techniques could facilitate their cross-cultural adjustment.
Muhammad Noman; Muhammad Safdar Sial; Talles Vianna Brugni; Jinsoo Hwang; Muhammad Yaseen Bhutto; Thai Hong Thuy Khanh. Determining the Challenges Encountered by Chinese Expatriates in Pakistan. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1327 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Noman, Muhammad Safdar Sial, Talles Vianna Brugni, Jinsoo Hwang, Muhammad Yaseen Bhutto, Thai Hong Thuy Khanh. Determining the Challenges Encountered by Chinese Expatriates in Pakistan. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (4):1327.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Noman; Muhammad Safdar Sial; Talles Vianna Brugni; Jinsoo Hwang; Muhammad Yaseen Bhutto; Thai Hong Thuy Khanh. 2020. "Determining the Challenges Encountered by Chinese Expatriates in Pakistan." Sustainability 12, no. 4: 1327.