Objective: The orbit is an important cavity containing vision-related formations and important neurovascular structures, and adjacent to various regions. This study aimed to evaluation, by multidedector computed tomography (MDCT) images, the morphometry of orbit by examining its changes according to gender and body side, and developments according to age, in Turkish population. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 individuals’s (94 females,106 males;400 sides) MDCT images were evaluated. Images were examined according to the gender, body side, and the anatomical structures development. Results: The height, width and depth of the orbit were determined as 36.04±2.97 mm, 32.33±2.59 mm, 38.35±3.32 mm on the right side, 35.79±3.18 mm, 32.29±2.67 mm, 38.13±3.21 mm on the left side, respectively, in healthy subjects. The height and width of the orbit were found to be statistically significantly larger on both sides in men than in women (p˂0.05). Conclusion: Comprehensive information about the orbit and associated apertures is quite important for clinicians working in this area, damage to these structures can cause serious complications. In addition, determining the morphometry of the orbit can be used as an important parameter for determining gender, age and race in forensic medicine.

Background/Aims: Anatomy education is of great importance in evaluating the human body as a whole and understanding the normal functioning of organs and systems. Knowledge of human anatomy plays a critical role in the diagnosis of diseases, surgical interventions, evaluation of the health status of patients, and interpretation of the results of advanced imaging techniques. This study aims to evaluate the satisfaction of learning anatomy with the three-dimensional virtual anatomy atlas we developed and to investigate the effect of virtual three-dimensional applications on learning compared to traditional materials. Methods: The 3D applied atlas we developed was sent to the Faculty of Medicine term 1-2, Dentistry term 1, and Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation term 1 students. Students were asked to use the 3D applied atlas in addition to traditional medical education materials in their anatomy learning process. A 9-question Google Forms survey was prepared to evaluate their satisfaction of the application. Results: 471 participants from the Faculty of Dentistry, Medicine Term 1-2, and Physiotherapy Rehabilitation classes participated in our survey. Of the participants, 140 were Faculty of Dentistry students, 70 were Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation (PTR), 172 were Faculty of Medicine 1st Term and 89 were Faculty of Medicine 2nd Term. The number of students who found two-dimensional atlases useful was 198, while the number of students who found 3D models useful was 231. The number of students who found the cadaver model useful was 161. Conclusions: Based on the survey data we obtained, we can say that the students are satisfied with our 3D atlas application and have a positive attitude towards three-dimensional educational materials.

Background: The spleen is an important organ in the evaluation of systemic diseases due to its hematologic and immunologic functions. Changes in splenic volume and surface area have diagnostic significance in various clinical conditions. This study aimed to evaluate age- and sex-related changes in splenic volume and surface area in an adult population. Material: A total of 304 abdominal CT scans (153 females, 151 males) were retrospectively evaluated. Participants aged 19–89 years were stratified by decades. Changes in splenic surface area and volume were analyzed according to age and sex using measurements obtained from these images with the 3D Slicer software package. Results: Splenic volume showed significant differences across age groups in females, whereas no statistically significant age-related difference was observed in males. Splenic surface area differed significantly according to age groups in both sexes. The highest mean splenic volume and surface area were observed in the 19–29 age group in both sexes. The lowest mean values were detected in the 80–89 age group in females and in the 70–79 age group in males. Conclusions: Splenic volume is higher in males than in females. A statistically significant decrease in splenic volume with advancing age was observed in females, whereas only a non-significant decreasing trend was noted in males. A marked reduction in splenic volume and surface area was observed particularly after the age of 70 years. This finding is associated with age-related immune decline and functional hyposplenism and carries clinical significance in terms of increased susceptibility to infections and diminished immune response in elderly individuals. Furthermore, splenic shrinkage should be considered in the assessment of hematological reserve and in the differentiation of changes related to chronic diseases.