Pavement maintenance is essential to prevent the deterioration of asset value and to satisfy the expectations of all stakeholders (objectives). However, the budgets are often insufficient to keep the road pavement at optimum levels. Therefore, a decision making process ought to be used for prioritizing different maintenance activities in order to achieve pre-defined goals by optimizing the use of the available budget. One of the biggest difficulties in multiobjective optimization method is the large number of the feasible solutions (Pareto optimal set or its approximation), which makes it hard for the Decision Maker to select the best solution. To support interaction with the decision maker for identifying the best combination of maintenance actions, this paper proposes a new methodology named “Interactive Multiobjective Optimization-Dominance Rough Set Approach” (IMO-DRSA), using a decision-rule preference model. The preference information, obtained by the Decision Maker (DM) during the course of the interaction, is processed using the Dominance-based Rough Set Approach in order to achieve a decision model expressed in terms of easily understandable “if ….then …” decision rules. This approach makes possible an interaction between the analyst and the decision maker and helps the decision maker to classify maintenance options and allocate limited funds according to predefined objectives (quantitative or qualitative). An application of the proposed methodology to road pavements of an Italian urban sub-network is presented.

Intersection represents a significant challenge around road traffic safety, posing a major problem, particularly during peak hour of urban road traffic. The high risk of accidents at this congested intersection is a serious concern, given that they involve a variety of road users, including vehicles and pedestrians. To address these challenges and minimize the risks related to intersections, roundabout have emerged as a significant effort. To address these challenges and minimize risks related to intersections, roundabouts have emerged as a notable solution. This approach does not only contribute to improved traffic flow but also enhances overall road safety by providing a more efficient alternative compared to conventional intersection designs. This study takes a comprehensive look at the safety performance of roundabouts as an alternative intersection design, by systematically reviewing relevant literature from Scopus and Google Scholar, aiming to explain how roundabout intersections contribute to crash reduction and traffic safety improvement. The analysis reveals that roundabouts generally lead to a significant reduction in severe collisions and enhance traffic flow efficiency. This is primarily due to their design, which minimizes conflict points and promotes lower vehicle speeds, and positively impacts the visibility and safety of pedestrian crossings. However, the roundabout has challenges, such as the requirement for drivers to adapt to new traffic patterns and the public's perception of the different aspects of the roundabout design. The findings indicate that roundabouts substantially improve road safety, evidenced by significant reductions in fatal and injury crashes. The literature also emphasizes the importance of customizing roundabout design and implementation to specific conditions, highlighting that such adapting is critical to maximizing benefits and ensuring positive impacts on road safety which is important to developed in further research.