Resumo Introdução: O período pós-parto é um momento em que as mulheres são expostas às disfunções da musculatura do assoalho pélvico (DMAP) devido ao período gestacional, mas ainda faltam evidências de qualidade que avaliem o efeito de intervenções sobre a recuperação da musculatura do assoalho pélvico de mulheres no pós-parto. Objetivo: Investigar o efeito do treinamento dos músculos do assoalho pélvico (TMAP) e do low pressure fitness (LPF) sobre o incômodo relacionado às DMAP no pós-parto. Métodos: Estudo randomizado, controlado por placebo, com 35 mulheres que tiveram o parto realizado no Hospital Universitário Materno Infantil (HUMAI), na cidade de Ponta Grossa, Paraná. Foram testados os efeitos do LPF e do TMAP em três grupos: LPF (n = 12), TMAP (n = 12) e intervenção mínima/placebo (IM, n = 11). Os três grupos receberam as intervenções de forma on-line. Resultados: Os treinamentos com LPF e TMAP apresentaram melhores resultados em comparação à IM em alguns distúrbios relacionados às DMAP após 12 semanas de tratamento. O LPF foi mais eficaz sobre o escore global do Pelvic Floor Bother Questionnaire em 6 e 12 semanas, sobre incontinência urinária de esforço em 12 semanas e sobre dispareunia em 6 e 12 semanas. Conclusão: Constatou-se que é possível diminuir o desconforto relacionado às DMAP no pós-parto por meio do LPF e TMAP.

Background/Objectives: Metformin, a widely used antidiabetic drug, has recently gained attention in dermatology due to its pleiotropic effects. Given the high prevalence, chronicity, and therapeutic challenges of several dermatological conditions, there is growing interest in repurposing metformin as a topical agent with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, metabolic, and regenerative properties. This narrative review aimed to synthesize and critically analyze the available preclinical and clinical evidence regarding the mechanisms of action, efficacy, safety, and therapeutic potential of topical metformin across different skin disorders. Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed and complementary databases for studies published between 2015 and 2025 addressing topical metformin in dermatology, including experimental, observational, interventional, and review articles. Results: The findings indicate that topical metformin has been associated with beneficial biological effects in conditions such as melasma, photoaging, wound healing, psoriasis, acne, skin cancer, and hair disorders, largely through AMPK activation, modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress, inhibition of melanogenesis, enhancement of tissue regeneration, and regulation of immune and metabolic pathways, although evidence remains predominantly preclinical and methodologically heterogeneous. Conclusions: Topical metformin represents a promising investigational multifunctional dermatological agent; however, its clinical translation depends on well-designed randomized controlled trials with standardized formulations, adequate sample sizes, and long-term follow-up to establish its efficacy, safety, and optimal therapeutic protocols.

Introduction: The postpartum period is a phase when women are susceptible to pelvic floor muscle dysfunction (PFMD) due to the gestational period; however, there is still a lack of quality evidence evaluating the effects of interventions on pelvic floor muscle recovery in postpartum women. Objective: To investigate the effects of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) and low presure fitness (LPF) on discomforts associate with PFMD during the postpartum period. Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted with 35 women who gave birth at the Maternal and Child University Hospital (HUMAI) in the city of Ponta Grossa, Brazil. The study tested the effects of LPF and PFMT across three groups: LPF (n = 12), PFMT (n = 12), and minimal intervention/placebo (MI, n = 11). The three groups received the interventions online. Results: Training with LPF and PFMT resulted in better outcomes compared to MI for some disorders associated with PFMD after 12 weeks of treatment. LPF was most effective in improving the global score of the Pelvic Floor Bother Questionnaire (PFBQ) at 6 and 12 weeks, in reducing stress urinary incontinence at 12 weeks, and in alleviating dyspareunia at 6 and 12 weeks. Conclusion: LPF and PFMT can effectively reduce discomfort associated with PFMD during the postpartum period.

Revisar as diretrizes relacionadas à prevenção e ao tratamento das disfunções da musculatura do assoalho pélvico (DMAP) em puérperas. O estudo consiste em uma análise de 10 diretrizes sobre cuidados no pós-parto na Atenção Primária à Saúde, identificadas por meio de uma revisão narrativa. Também foram realizadas buscas manuais em documentos do Ministério da Saúde e de instituições internacionais, como a Organização Mundial da Saúde, além de diretrizes do Reino Unido, Irlanda e Espanha. O estudo conclui que, no Brasil, é necessário ampliar o acesso à reabilitação do assoalho pélvico, implementar triagens para identificar disfunções dessa musculatura e fornecer informações claras sobre os sintomas. Ademais, recomenda-se orientar as mulheres sobre como e onde buscar ajuda para esses problemas.

The global epidemic of diabetes mellitus (DM) presents a significant health challenge, and physical exercise is crucial in managing type 2 DM (T2DM). Sodium bicarbonate (SB) supplementation may enhance high-intensity exercise performance. This study aimed to analyze acute physical performance, blood glucose, and cardiovascular responses following SB or placebo supplementation in middle-aged and elderly adults with T2DM. Thirteen T2DM participants (62.15 ± 6.90 years; body mass index 29.14 ± 4.49 kg/m2) performed a maximal incremental treadmill test after ingesting SB (0.3 g/kg) or placebo in a triple-blind, randomized crossover design. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and capillary blood glucose were measured preand post-test. SB significantly increased exercise performance (481 ± 116.97 s vs. 439 ± 99.92 s with placebo; p = 0.005) and was associated with a greater reduction in post-exercise blood glucose (p = 0.0001), which was attributed to the longer exercise duration. However, it did not potentiate the acute reduction in blood glucose typically induced by exercise. No significant differences were found between SB and placebo conditions for BP, HR, or other cardiovascular measures (p > 0.05). Acute SB supplementation improved exercise tolerance and reduced blood glucose in individuals with T2DM, indicating a potential ergogenic strategy to improve exercise performance. However, it had no observable acute impact on cardiovascular variables. These preliminary findings suggest that SB may be a safe, short-term aid to enhance high-intensity exercise performance in T2DM, but confirmation in larger studies is needed.