The electromagnetic model of a large-bloom continuous casting was established to simulate the magnetic field. The model 3600 digital, high-precision, three-dimensional Gaussian meter was used to measure the internal magnetic field of mold electromagnetic stirring (M-EMS). The distribution of simulated magnetic field was basically consistent with that of the measured magnetic field; the accuracy of electromagnetic stirring model was verified. With the increase of current frequency, the electromagnetic force first increases and then decreases; when the current frequency is 9 Hz, the electromagnetic force reaches its maximum value. A bipolar electromagnetic stirring model is proposed; the influence of current intensity and distance were investigated. With the increase of current intensity of lower mold electromagnetic stirring (M-EMSB), the internal magnetic intensity of upper mold electromagnetic stirring (M-EMSA) gradually increases, and the middle region is gradually filled by magnetic field. With the increase of the distance, the range of the low-intensity magnetic field expands. When the current intensity of the M-EMSB is 320 A, and the distance is 400 mm, an 8 mT uniform magnetic field in the range of 1.2 m is formed. Compared with the traditional continuous casting electromagnetic agitator, the center equiaxial crystal of bipolar electromagnetic agitator increases from 30.3% to 49.5%.

The service life of the purging plug is one of the fundamental factors that determine the downtime and usage efficiency of the whole ladle. The creep behaviour of the purging plug was thus investigated to identify the possible failure mechanism. At first, the creep parameters of the Norton–Bailey strain hardening rule were inversely identified via the results of the creep test. Then, the thermal-solid coupling model approach was employed to predict the creep behaviour of the purging plug, in which the Norton–Bailey strain hardening rule was applied. The numerical results show that the temperature of the purging plug presents a cyclic trend after the first service period since the preheating temperature is lower than the temperature of molten steel. Furthermore, the distribution of the creep strain intensity in a layered form could also contribute to a gradual spalling of the purging plug end in service. Besides, the creep strain concentration around the slit can be responsible for the clogging of the purging plug.

A three-dimensional model of the thick slab continuous casting mould of 400 × 2200 mm was established. The effects of immersion depth of nozzle and casting speed on the flow field and temperature field were investigated. The high...

This paper provides an analysis of the 42CrMo round billet by the vertical caster. Based on ZhongYuan Special Steel continuous casting process parameters and CAFE nucleation parameters, the ProCAST chip-moving boundary method is adopted...

Forsterite-based refractories were prepared using iron ore tailings as some of its starting raw materials in the study. Forsterite's synthesis process was also examined at the same time. The crystallization behaviour of synthesised fosterite samples was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM). According to the DSC analysis, the forsterite synthesis experiments were carried out at different temperature of 1423, 1473, 1593, 1673 and 1723 K. The formation temperature of forsterite was determined. A forsterite-based light insulate brick preparation experiment was carried out at 1723 K for 6 hours. The XRD analysis results show that the major phase of the synthesised forsterite-based refractory was primarily forsterite along with Mg-Ferro spinal, and smaller amounts of MgO (periclase). The properties of the synthesised forsterite-based refractory compared well with the value of the industrial forsterite-based refractory. The result indicated interesting potential for iron ore tailings to produce useful materials.