Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of intestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), and metabolic disease states such as allergies, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and diabetes. SIBO is a condition characterized by an increased number (>1 × 10³ CFU) of abnormal bacterial species in the small intestine. Interest in SIBO has gained importance due to increased awareness of the human microbiome and its potential relationships with human health and disease, which has encouraged new work in this area. In recent years, standard antibiotic regimens (rifaximin and metronidazole) have been used to treat SIBO, but solo antibiotics or their derivatives are insufficient. In this study, the therapeutic effects of the probiotic form, which contains coconut oil and traces of peppermint-lemon-patchouli essential oil, were evaluated on the Dysbiosis-Based Rat SIBO Model. There are significant differences between sick and healthy rats (p = 0.014), between sick rats and rats treated with the oil mix plus probiotic mix protocol (p = 0.026), and between rats treated with only the probiotic and only oil protocols (p = 0.030) in the evaluation of TNF-α levels. Histologically, villi distortion and loss of crypts, epithelial shedding and necrotic changes in the apical regions of the villi, and inflammatory cell infiltrations extending to the lamina propria and submucosa were observed in sick rats. Mitotic figures in villus epithelium and crypts were observed in rats treated with 9.2 × 10⁹ CFU/1000 mg/coconut oil + trace amounts of peppermint-lemon-patchouli essential oil and a probiotic mixture (oil + probiotic mix protocol). A regression of inflammatory reactions and an increase in goblet cells were observed. A decrease was observed in inflammation markers in sick rats. On the other hand, the oil plus probiotic mix protocol recovered digestive system defects in the animals caused by dysbiosis. In the future, these treatment approaches can be effective in the treatment of SIBO.

1. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are employed in the treatment of patients with testicular, prostate, rectal, and bladder cancers. Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the most frequently employed treatment...

Background/Objectives: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with gut dysbiosis linked to early-life antibiotic use and Staphylococcus aureus colonization. Gum Arabic (GA), a prebiotic, may modulate this dysbiosis and influence AD-related microbial balance. This study evaluated whether GA could support AD-associated probiotics-Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium bifidum, and Bifidobacterium infantis-under amoxicillin- or azithromycin-containing conditions, examined the response of S. aureus under the same screening conditions, and developed GA-phospholipid-based semisolid carriers for topical application. Methods: Probiotic strains were cultured with 1–5% GA in the presence and absence of antibiotics, and viable cell counts were assessed. Sixteen topical formulations containing propylene glycol or isopropyl myristate in a hydrogenated phosphatidylcholine base were prepared and screened for rheological properties and galactose release using in vitro release testing (IVRT) and HPLC-UV. Results: GA at 1–2% concentrations promoted probiotic growth in antibiotic-free conditions. GA preserved B. infantis viability under azithromycin exposure in this in vitro screening model. For S. aureus, numerical CFU differences were observed between antibiotic-only and GA-containing conditions; however, the present screening design was not intended to determine antibiotic interaction outcomes. Formulations F14 (2% GA + 7% IPM) and F15 (3% GA + 7% IPM) exhibited optimal spreadability. IVRT showed that 6 h cumulative galactose release varied by formulation (F6 > F10 > F14 > F15). Conclusions: GA demonstrated dose-dependent prebiotic activity and preserved B. infantis viability under azithromycin exposure in this in vitro screening model. For S. aureus, the observed CFU differences between antibiotic-only and GA-containing conditions should be considered exploratory only and do not allow for conclusions regarding interference with antibiotic efficacy. Optimized GA-HPC systems with suitable rheological and release characteristics represent promising candidates for further preclinical investigation.

Lenfatik Sistem Anatomisi Mustafa Cenk YILMAZ Lenfatik Sistem Histolojisi Semih TAN Emine TURAL Lenfatik Sistem Genel Tanı Bölümleri ve Fizyolojisi Itır Ebru ZEMHERİ Pınar Engin Zerk Lenf Bezi Biyokimyası Zerrin KUTLU Lenf Bezinin Büyüme Nedenleri Eren ALTUN Lenfadenopatilerde Anamnez ve Fizik Muayene Bulguları Emine KIZILAY Açıklanamayan Lenfadenopati: Değerlendirme ve Ayırıcı Tanı Çağlayan KEKLİKKIRAN Lenfadenopati Sebebinin Belirlenmesi İçin İpuçları ve İlk Testler Ömer TOPDAĞI Ateş ve Lenfadenopati Ahmet Cem YARDIMCI Esra FERSAN Lenfatik Sıstemi Etkileyen İnfeksiyonlar Esra FERSAN Ahmet Cem YARDIMCI Lenf Bezi Travmaları Doğukan ÖZDEMİR Lenf Nodu Görüntülemesi Önder TURNA Lenf Nodu Sitopatolojisi Fatma Seher PEHLİVAN Kanser Tedavisi Sonrası Lenfödem Burak ERDEMCİ Baş ve Boyun Lenfadenopatileri Sami Engin MUZ Mehmet Nuri ELGÖRMÜŞ Aksiller Lenfadenopati Yeliz YILMAZ BOZOK İnguinal Lenfadenopatilere Yaklaşım Emir ÇAPKINOĞLU Yaygın Lenfadenopati Fatma KESMEZ CAN Lenfadenopatiye Yaklaşım Süleyman BAŞ Pınar Zehra DAVARCI Sentinel Lenf Nodu Biyopsisi Osman ERDOĞAN Gastrointestinal Sistem Kanserlerinde Lenf Nodu Metastazı Selçuk GÜLMEZ Sentinel Lenf Nodu Sintigrafisi Ayşe Esra ARSLAN Non-Hodgkin Lenfomada Radyoterapi Halil Cumhur YILDIRIM Servikal Lenf Nodlarında Açık Biyopsi Endikasyonları ve Boyun Diseksiyonları Nihal EFE ATİLA Servikal Lap ve Aıds Orçun BARKAY Servikal Lap Yapan Granülomatöz Hastalıklar Umut Devrim BİNAY Servikal Lenfadenopati Yapan Fungal Hastalıklar Işıl Deniz ALIRAVCI Sevil ALKAN ÇEVİKER Servikal Lenfadenopati Yapan Nonenfeksiyöz Enflamatuar İdyopatik Hastalıklar Dursun Mehmet MEHEL Mehmet ÇELEBİ Primeri Bilinmeyen Servikal Metastatik Lenfadenopatiler Dursun Mehmet MEHEL Mehmet ÇELEBİ Lenf Metastazının Moleküler ve Hücresel Değişkenleri Sevgi KARABULUT UZUNÇAKMAK Mediastinal Lenfadenopatiler Canan GÜNDÜZ GÜRKAN Hodgkin Lenfomada Radyoterapi İpek Pınar ARAL Gülhan GÜLER AVCI Lenfadenopatilere Ürolojik Maligniteler Açısından Yaklaşım İsmail BASMACI Non Hodgkın Lenfoma Hematolojik Yaklaşım İbrahim EKER Hodgkin Lenfoma Funda PEPEDİL TANRIKULU Nurhilal BÜYÜKKURT Şüpheli Lenf Nodlarının Çıkartılmasında Roll Tekniği ve Radyokılavuzlu İşlemlerde Radyasyondan Korunma Aslı AYAN

Background: Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is a widely studied probiotic species; however, probiotic characteristics and safety profiles are strain-specific, requiring independent evaluation. This study characterized Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATA-LPC98052 as a candidate probiotic raw material. Methods: ATA-LPC98052 was evaluated for hemolysis, acid/bile tolerance, Caco-2 adhesion, cytotoxicity, and storage stability. Subacute oral safety was assessed in Wistar rats by gavage for 28 days at 1.2 × 10¹¹ CFU/kg/day; the study design incorporated selected principles of OECD Test Guideline 407. Clinical, hematological, biochemical, organ-weight, and macroscopic endpoints were evaluated. Fecal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing; WGS was used for taxonomic confirmation and genomic safety screening. Results: ATA-LPC98052 was γ-hemolytic and maintained 60% viability at pH 1.5 and 96% at pH 5.0, while viability ranged from 74% to 82% across 0.1–0.5% bile salt concentrations. Caco-2 cell viability was 99%, adhesion exceeded 90%, and the lyophilized preparation remained stable for 15 months, maintaining 9.6 log₁₀ CFU/g. Repeated oral administration caused no mortality or consistent treatment-related toxicological pattern. Longitudinal microbiota analysis showed no significant treatment × time effects on alpha diversity or Bray–Curtis community structure, and no genus-level MaAsLin2 association was FDR-significant. WGS confirmed L. plantarum identity and no contamination; ResFinder detected no acquired antimicrobial resistance determinants meeting specified thresholds, whereas CARD/RGI identified low-identity qacJ and vanY homologs requiring cautious interpretation. Conclusion: ATA-LPC98052 demonstrated favorable in vitro probiotic characteristics, technological stability, gut microbiota-modulating potential, and a favorable subacute safety profile under the tested conditions; however, microbiota findings were exploratory, and phenotypic MIC testing remains warranted.