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Dr. Olimpia Barbato
University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy

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Journal article
Published: 19 June 2021 in Animals
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Adrenal hormones, ACTH plasma concentrations and the ultrasonographic evaluation of the adrenal glands are considered complementary in clinical evaluations of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis function in several species. In dogs, age, size and weight have a significant effect on the ultrasonographic size of the adrenal glands. In neonatal foals, ultrasonographic evaluation and measurements of the adrenal glands have been demonstrated to be reliable; however, the effect of individual variables on ultrasonographic features has not been investigated, and the clinical usefulness of adrenal gland ultrasonography is still not known. The aims of this study were: (i) to provide and compare adrenal glands ultrasound measurements in healthy newborn Thoroughbred and Standardbred foals, and assess any effect of age, weight and sex on them; (ii) to assess and compare ACTH and steroid hormone concentrations in healthy neonatal foals of the two breeds. Venous blood samples and ultrasonographic images of the adrenal glands were collected from 10 healthy neonatal Thoroughbred and 10 healthy neonatal Standardbred foals. Ultrasonographic measurements of the adrenal glands were obtained and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), progesterone (P4) and aldosterone plasma concentrations were assessed. The ACTH/cortisol, ACTH/progesterone, ACTH/aldosterone, ACTH/DHEA and cortisol/DHEA ratios were calculated. A significant positive correlation was found between the height of the right adrenal gland and the foal’s weight; the width of the right and left adrenal gland and the medulla was significantly lower in Thoroughbreds than in Standardbreds. Cortisol and ACTH plasma concentrations were significantly higher and lower, respectively, in Thoroughbreds compared with Standardbreds. The cortisol/DHEA ratio was significantly higher in Thoroughbreds. This study provides reference ranges for neonatal Thoroughbred and Standardbred foals, and suggests the presence of breed-related differences in ultrasonographic adrenal gland measurements, plasmatic cortisol and ACTH concentrations. The higher cortisol/DHEA ratio detected in Thoroughbred foals could suggest a different response to environmental stimulation in the two breeds.

ACS Style

Eleonora Lauteri; Jole Mariella; Francesca Beccati; Ellen Roelfsema; Carolina Castagnetti; Marco Pepe; Tanja Peric; Olimpia Barbato; Marta Montillo; Stefanie Rouge; Francesca Freccero. Adrenal Gland Ultrasonographic Measurements and Plasma Hormone Concentrations in Clinically Healthy Newborn Thoroughbred and Standardbred Foals. Animals 2021, 11, 1832 .

AMA Style

Eleonora Lauteri, Jole Mariella, Francesca Beccati, Ellen Roelfsema, Carolina Castagnetti, Marco Pepe, Tanja Peric, Olimpia Barbato, Marta Montillo, Stefanie Rouge, Francesca Freccero. Adrenal Gland Ultrasonographic Measurements and Plasma Hormone Concentrations in Clinically Healthy Newborn Thoroughbred and Standardbred Foals. Animals. 2021; 11 (6):1832.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eleonora Lauteri; Jole Mariella; Francesca Beccati; Ellen Roelfsema; Carolina Castagnetti; Marco Pepe; Tanja Peric; Olimpia Barbato; Marta Montillo; Stefanie Rouge; Francesca Freccero. 2021. "Adrenal Gland Ultrasonographic Measurements and Plasma Hormone Concentrations in Clinically Healthy Newborn Thoroughbred and Standardbred Foals." Animals 11, no. 6: 1832.

Journal article
Published: 03 June 2021 in Animals
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Goji berry shows a wide range of beneficial properties in human health, but only a few studies evaluated its effects in livestock animals. The objective of this research was to assess the effects of goji berry supplementation on the hormonal profile, productive, and reproductive performance of does. Two months before artificial insemination, 105 nulliparous does were randomly divided into three groups (n = 35) based on the dietary treatment: commercial diet (C), or a diet supplemented with either 1% (G1), or 3% (G3) of goji berry, respectively. The results showed that receptivity was higher in G1 than in the C group (p< 0.05). Trends toward significance for differences between the G1 and G3 groups in marginal means of LH concentrations (p = 0.059), and between G1 and C in LH AUC values (p = 0.078), were evidenced. Estrogen concentrations showed a more fluctuating trend but a significant interaction effect (p< 0.001). The G1 group showed higher litter weight than C at birth (p = 0.008) and weaning (p< 0.001), as well as higher litter size at weaning (p = 0.020). The G1 group also exhibited the highest mean milk production (p< 0.01). In conclusion, goji berry influenced reproductive and productive performance, probably via modulating hormonal patterns and milk production in rabbits. However, further studies are needed to validate these preliminary results.

ACS Style

Egon Andoni; Giulio Curone; Stella Agradi; Olimpia Barbato; Laura Menchetti; Daniele Vigo; Riccardo Zelli; Elisa Cotozzolo; Maria Ceccarini; Massimo Faustini; Alda Quattrone; Marta Castrica; Gabriele Brecchia. Effect of Goji Berry (Lycium barbarum) Supplementation on Reproductive Performance of Rabbit Does. Animals 2021, 11, 1672 .

AMA Style

Egon Andoni, Giulio Curone, Stella Agradi, Olimpia Barbato, Laura Menchetti, Daniele Vigo, Riccardo Zelli, Elisa Cotozzolo, Maria Ceccarini, Massimo Faustini, Alda Quattrone, Marta Castrica, Gabriele Brecchia. Effect of Goji Berry (Lycium barbarum) Supplementation on Reproductive Performance of Rabbit Does. Animals. 2021; 11 (6):1672.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Egon Andoni; Giulio Curone; Stella Agradi; Olimpia Barbato; Laura Menchetti; Daniele Vigo; Riccardo Zelli; Elisa Cotozzolo; Maria Ceccarini; Massimo Faustini; Alda Quattrone; Marta Castrica; Gabriele Brecchia. 2021. "Effect of Goji Berry (Lycium barbarum) Supplementation on Reproductive Performance of Rabbit Does." Animals 11, no. 6: 1672.

Journal article
Published: 04 March 2021 in Animals
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This study aimed to investigate the effects of feed supplementation on body condition score (BCS) and different metabolic hormones concentration in lactating sheep reared in Italian Central Apennine pastures during the grazing summer period. In this study, 24 Comisana x Appenninica pluriparous ewes from June until August were divided into two homogenous groups: the control group (UNS) was free to graze, while the other group (SUP), in addition to grazing, was supplemented with 600 g/day/head of cereals. At the start of the supplementation and at an interval of 9–10 days until the end of experimentation, BCS evaluation and blood withdrawal to assay nesfatin-1, insulin, glucagon, leptin, triiodothyronine and cortisol levels were performed. Univariable analysis showed no remarkable differences between the groups, while multivariable analysis suggested that the UNS group was characterized by a lower BCS and greater nesfatin-1 than the SUP group. These findings can be considered in relation to milk production, which shows a clear better persistence in the SUP group. Our results indicate that nutritional supplementation has protected ewes from the usual lowering of the body state linked to lactation and provides a good maintenance of milk production, determining also a better overall body and metabolic state of the animals, which is important at the beginning of the sexual season.

ACS Style

Olimpia Barbato; Elena De Felice; Luca Todini; Laura Menchetti; Alessandro Malfatti; Paola Scocco. Effects of Feed Supplementation on Nesfatin-1, Insulin, Glucagon, Leptin, T3, Cortisol, and BCS in Milking Ewes Grazing on Semi-Natural Pastures. Animals 2021, 11, 682 .

AMA Style

Olimpia Barbato, Elena De Felice, Luca Todini, Laura Menchetti, Alessandro Malfatti, Paola Scocco. Effects of Feed Supplementation on Nesfatin-1, Insulin, Glucagon, Leptin, T3, Cortisol, and BCS in Milking Ewes Grazing on Semi-Natural Pastures. Animals. 2021; 11 (3):682.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Olimpia Barbato; Elena De Felice; Luca Todini; Laura Menchetti; Alessandro Malfatti; Paola Scocco. 2021. "Effects of Feed Supplementation on Nesfatin-1, Insulin, Glucagon, Leptin, T3, Cortisol, and BCS in Milking Ewes Grazing on Semi-Natural Pastures." Animals 11, no. 3: 682.

Journal article
Published: 12 February 2021 in Animals
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The aim of this work was to find the best strategy to diagnose pregnancy failures in buffalo. A total of 109 animals belonging to a buffalo herd subjected to a synchronization and artificial insemination (AI) program were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were collected at days 0, 14, 25, 28 and 40 after AI for the determination of progesterone (P4) and pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) by the radioimmunoassay (RIA) method. Transrectal ultrasonography was performed on day 25, 28 and 40 after AI to monitor pregnancy. The animals included in the data analysis were assigned ex post in pregnant (n = 50) and mortality (n = 12) groups. By ultrasonography, the predictive sign of mortality was the heartbeat. At day 25, the PAGs concentration was significant in predicting embryonic mortality with respect to ultrasonography and P4, at the cut-off of 1.1 ng/mL. At day 28, either PAGs, at a cut-off of 2.2 ng/mL, or ultrasonography, with no detection of heartbeat, were highly predictive of embryonic mortality. PAGs were the best marker (p < 0.05) for predicting embryonic mortality between 25 and 40 days of gestation in buffalo. Its utilization as a diagnostic tool can influence management decisions in order to improve farm reproductive management.

ACS Style

Vittoria Barile; Laura Menchetti; Anna Casano; Gabriele Brecchia; Noelita Melo de Sousa; Riccardo Zelli; Claudio Canali; Jean Beckers; Olimpia Barbato. Approaches to Identify Pregnancy Failure in Buffalo Cows. Animals 2021, 11, 487 .

AMA Style

Vittoria Barile, Laura Menchetti, Anna Casano, Gabriele Brecchia, Noelita Melo de Sousa, Riccardo Zelli, Claudio Canali, Jean Beckers, Olimpia Barbato. Approaches to Identify Pregnancy Failure in Buffalo Cows. Animals. 2021; 11 (2):487.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vittoria Barile; Laura Menchetti; Anna Casano; Gabriele Brecchia; Noelita Melo de Sousa; Riccardo Zelli; Claudio Canali; Jean Beckers; Olimpia Barbato. 2021. "Approaches to Identify Pregnancy Failure in Buffalo Cows." Animals 11, no. 2: 487.

Journal article
Published: 30 October 2020 in Animals
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This study examined the effects of goji berries dietary supplementation on the energetic metabolism of doe. Thirty days before artificial insemination, 75 New Zealand White does were assigned to three different diets: commercial standard diet (C) and supplemented with 1% (LG) and 3% (HG) of goji berries, respectively. Body conditions, hormones and metabolites were monitored until weaning. Body weight and BCS were higher in HG than C (p < 0.05). LG showed lower T3/T4 ratio and cortisol concentrations (p < 0.05) and tended to have lower indices of insulin resistances (p < 0.1) than HG. Compared to control, leptin was higher in HG at AI (p < 0.01) and in LG during lactation (p < 0.05). Two principal components were extracted by multivariate analysis describing the relationships between (1) non-esterified fatty acids, insulin and glucose levels, and (2) body conditions and leptin metabolism. The first component highlighted the energy deficit and the insulin resistance of the does during pregnancy and lactation. The second one showed that leptin, body weight and Body Condition Score (BCS) enhance as levels of goji berries in the diet increase. Thus, the effects of goji supplementation are dose-dependent: an improvement on energy metabolism was achieved with a low-dose while the highest dose could determine excessive fattening and insulin resistance in does.

ACS Style

Laura Menchetti; Giulio Curone; Egon Andoni; Olimpia Barbato; Alessandro Troisi; Bernard Fioretti; Angela Polisca; Michela Codini; Claudio Canali; Daniele Vigo; Gabriele Brecchia. Impact of Goji Berries (Lycium barbarum) Supplementation on the Energy Homeostasis of Rabbit Does: Uni- and Multivariate Approach. Animals 2020, 10, 2000 .

AMA Style

Laura Menchetti, Giulio Curone, Egon Andoni, Olimpia Barbato, Alessandro Troisi, Bernard Fioretti, Angela Polisca, Michela Codini, Claudio Canali, Daniele Vigo, Gabriele Brecchia. Impact of Goji Berries (Lycium barbarum) Supplementation on the Energy Homeostasis of Rabbit Does: Uni- and Multivariate Approach. Animals. 2020; 10 (11):2000.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Menchetti; Giulio Curone; Egon Andoni; Olimpia Barbato; Alessandro Troisi; Bernard Fioretti; Angela Polisca; Michela Codini; Claudio Canali; Daniele Vigo; Gabriele Brecchia. 2020. "Impact of Goji Berries (Lycium barbarum) Supplementation on the Energy Homeostasis of Rabbit Does: Uni- and Multivariate Approach." Animals 10, no. 11: 2000.

Journal article
Published: 25 August 2020 in Animals
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This study was carried out to determine ovine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (oPAG) levels in the plasma of Sarda and Lacaune ewes throughout gestation and in the first month postpartum, using two heterologous radioimmunoassays (RIA-706 and RIA-srPool) and to study the correlations between PAG levels and fetal gender and number. On Day 18 of pregnancy, PAG concentrations were detected in 90.1% and 80.8% of Sarda pregnant ewes with RIA-706 and RIA-srPool, respectively; and in 90% and in 75% of Lacaune pregnant ewes with RIA-706 and RIA-srPool, respectively. From Day 30, PAG concentrations were detected in all pregnant ewes by using both RIA methods. In the postpartum period, the PAG concentrations in Sarda ewes decreased rapidly reaching minimal levels (<1 ng/mL) on day 28 using both RIA-706 and RIA-srPool. In Lacaune ewes, PAG-706 levels were higher than PAG-srPool from parturition until the last day of observation (Day 28 postpartum). It was also observed that mean concentrations were higher in multiple than in single pregnancies in Sarda and Lacaune ewes. Moreover, due to the rapid disappearance of PAG concentration following lambing, a cut-off limit in postpartum animals was not required as a means for detecting a new pregnancy.

ACS Style

Martina De Carolis; Olimpia Barbato; Gabriele Acuti; Massimo Trabalza-Marinucci; Noelita Melo De Sousa; Claudio Canali; Livia Moscati. Plasmatic Profile of Pregnancy-Associated Glycoprotein (PAG) during Gestation and Postpartum in Sarda and Lacaune Sheep Determined with Two Radioimmunoassay Systems. Animals 2020, 10, 1502 .

AMA Style

Martina De Carolis, Olimpia Barbato, Gabriele Acuti, Massimo Trabalza-Marinucci, Noelita Melo De Sousa, Claudio Canali, Livia Moscati. Plasmatic Profile of Pregnancy-Associated Glycoprotein (PAG) during Gestation and Postpartum in Sarda and Lacaune Sheep Determined with Two Radioimmunoassay Systems. Animals. 2020; 10 (9):1502.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martina De Carolis; Olimpia Barbato; Gabriele Acuti; Massimo Trabalza-Marinucci; Noelita Melo De Sousa; Claudio Canali; Livia Moscati. 2020. "Plasmatic Profile of Pregnancy-Associated Glycoprotein (PAG) during Gestation and Postpartum in Sarda and Lacaune Sheep Determined with Two Radioimmunoassay Systems." Animals 10, no. 9: 1502.

Journal article
Published: 15 March 2020 in Animals
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This study investigated the effects of a short-term administration of bovine colostrum (BC) in a TNBS model of induced colitis. Colitis was induced by TNBS treatment after seven days of BC (BC group, n = 12) or saline (control group, n = 12) administration in mice. Clinical signs, histopathological characteristics, expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and microbial composition were assessed. BC was well tolerated and did not induce any histological damage or clinical symptoms. After TNBS treatment, the BC group showed a reduction in body weight (BW) loss compared to Control (p < 0.05). Moreover, expression levels of TLR4 (p < 0.01), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β; p < 0.001), Interleukin-8 (IL-8; p < 0.001), and Interleukin-10 (IL-10; p < 0.001) were lower in mice administered with BC. Finally, Escherichia coli were higher (p < 0.05), while Enterococci (p < 0.001), Lactobacillus spp. (p < 0.001), and Bifidobacterium spp. (p < 0.05) were lower in Control than BC group. This study confirms that pre-treatment with BC modulates the expression of genes and the count of microbes involved in the etiopathogenesis of colitis.

ACS Style

Laura Menchetti; Giulio Curone; Iulia Elena Filipescu; Olimpia Barbato; Leonardo Leonardi; Gabriella Guelfi; Giovanna Traina; Patrizia Casagrande-Proietti; Federica Riva; Anna Beatrice Casano; Federica Piro; Daniele Vigo; Alda Quattrone; Gabriele Brecchia. The Prophylactic Use of Bovine Colostrum in a Murine Model of TNBS-Induced Colitis. Animals 2020, 10, 492 .

AMA Style

Laura Menchetti, Giulio Curone, Iulia Elena Filipescu, Olimpia Barbato, Leonardo Leonardi, Gabriella Guelfi, Giovanna Traina, Patrizia Casagrande-Proietti, Federica Riva, Anna Beatrice Casano, Federica Piro, Daniele Vigo, Alda Quattrone, Gabriele Brecchia. The Prophylactic Use of Bovine Colostrum in a Murine Model of TNBS-Induced Colitis. Animals. 2020; 10 (3):492.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Menchetti; Giulio Curone; Iulia Elena Filipescu; Olimpia Barbato; Leonardo Leonardi; Gabriella Guelfi; Giovanna Traina; Patrizia Casagrande-Proietti; Federica Riva; Anna Beatrice Casano; Federica Piro; Daniele Vigo; Alda Quattrone; Gabriele Brecchia. 2020. "The Prophylactic Use of Bovine Colostrum in a Murine Model of TNBS-Induced Colitis." Animals 10, no. 3: 492.

Research article
Published: 22 January 2020 in Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
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Infections of the genital tract can perturb the fertility in humans and animals. Pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity onset through the pattern recognition receptor activation, such as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), leading to the production of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators. TLR4 is expressed both on leukocytes and nonimmune cells. Rabbit TLR4 shows great similarity to its human counterpart. Moreover, the TLR4 signalling pathway could be modulated by long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA). The objectives of this study were (i) to determine the expression levels of TLR4 and proinflammatory cytokines in the reproductive hypothalamic-gonadal axis of the male rabbit and (ii) to evaluate if the n-3 PUFA-enriched diets can modify their expression levels in the tissues and LC-PUFA profiles in seminal plasma. Fifteen rabbit bucks ( n = 5 /experimental group) were fed with different diets: commercial standard (group C), rich in extruded linseed (10%, group L), and in fish oil (3%, group FO) for 110 days. TLR4, TNF-α, and IL-1βmRNA were ubiquitously expressed throughout the hypothalamic-gonadal axis. However, TLR4 mRNA expression was lower in the hypothalamus than the epididymis ( P < 0.01 ), seminal vesicles ( P < 0.01 ), and pituitary gland ( P < 0.05 ). Dietary enrichment in PUFA did not modify the gene expression profile nor the histological characteristics of the tissues. Conversely in seminal plasma, rabbits fed with L and FO had lower n-6 ( P < 0.05 ), LC-PUFA n-6 ( P < 0.05 ), and n-6/n-3 ratio ( P < 0.05 ) but higher n-3 ( P < 0.001 ) and LC-PUFA n-3 ( P < 0.01 ) compared to the control group. Our study builds a map of the gene expression of TRL4 and proinflammatory cytokines in the reproductive hypothalamic-gonadal axis of the male rabbit, fundamental step for understanding the immune defence mechanisms. Diets enriched in LC-PUFA did not affect basal gene expression but modulated sperm fatty acid composition. Finally, rabbit may be an excellent animal model to study the relationship between inflammation and infertility, and the nutritional modulation of immune functions.

ACS Style

Laura Menchetti; Olimpia Barbato; Monica Sforna; Daniele Vigo; Simona Mattioli; Giulio Curone; Marco Tecilla; Federica Riva; Gabriele Brecchia. Effects of Diets Enriched in Linseed and Fish Oil on the Expression Pattern of Toll-Like Receptors 4 and Proinflammatory Cytokines on Gonadal Axis and Reproductive Organs in Rabbit Buck. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2020, 2020, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Laura Menchetti, Olimpia Barbato, Monica Sforna, Daniele Vigo, Simona Mattioli, Giulio Curone, Marco Tecilla, Federica Riva, Gabriele Brecchia. Effects of Diets Enriched in Linseed and Fish Oil on the Expression Pattern of Toll-Like Receptors 4 and Proinflammatory Cytokines on Gonadal Axis and Reproductive Organs in Rabbit Buck. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2020; 2020 ():1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Menchetti; Olimpia Barbato; Monica Sforna; Daniele Vigo; Simona Mattioli; Giulio Curone; Marco Tecilla; Federica Riva; Gabriele Brecchia. 2020. "Effects of Diets Enriched in Linseed and Fish Oil on the Expression Pattern of Toll-Like Receptors 4 and Proinflammatory Cytokines on Gonadal Axis and Reproductive Organs in Rabbit Buck." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2020, no. : 1-10.

Journal article
Published: 09 February 2019 in Antioxidants
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Thirty-six pregnant Holstein–Friesian cows were used to study the effect of Yerba Mate (YM) supplementation during the dry period on redox balance. The treatments groups were Control (no YM), YM 250 (250 g/cow/day), and YM 500 (500 g/cow/day). Blood samples were obtained 30 days prepartum, at calving, and monthly postpartum until four months post calving. Liveweight (LW) and body condition score (BCS) were assessed prepartum, at calving, and then postpartum monthly until the end of the trial. Plasma was analyzed for hydroperoxides (d-ROMs), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and biological antioxidant potential (BAP). The oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated as OSI = ROMs/BAP × 100. Cows were milked twice daily, and milk yield data were recorded daily. Redox balance was improved by YM supplementation, as reflected in the lower OSI values observed in the YM groups. Yerba Mate supplementation significantly affected LW, but did not affect BCS. Milk yield averaged 28.1 ± 0.40, 29.0 ± 0.48, and 29.9 ± 0.46 L/cow/day in the Control, YM 250, and YM 500 groups, respectively, but was not significant. Nutritional manipulation during the dry period with Yerba Mate has demonstrated the potential to improve redox balance and milk yield.

ACS Style

Olimpia Barbato; Belinda Holmes; Iulia-Elena Filipescu; Pietro Celi. Dietary Supplementation of Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) during the Dry Period Improves Redox Balance in Lactating Dairy Cows. Antioxidants 2019, 8, 38 .

AMA Style

Olimpia Barbato, Belinda Holmes, Iulia-Elena Filipescu, Pietro Celi. Dietary Supplementation of Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) during the Dry Period Improves Redox Balance in Lactating Dairy Cows. Antioxidants. 2019; 8 (2):38.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Olimpia Barbato; Belinda Holmes; Iulia-Elena Filipescu; Pietro Celi. 2019. "Dietary Supplementation of Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) during the Dry Period Improves Redox Balance in Lactating Dairy Cows." Antioxidants 8, no. 2: 38.

Journal article
Published: 14 January 2019 in Veterinary Sciences
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: The main objective of this study was to assess PAG2 mRNA expression in maternal blood cells at the peri-implantation period in water buffalo; moreover, we wanted to evaluate the earliest time in which PAG-2 could be detected in maternal blood. Thirty-two lactating buffaloes artificially inseminated (AI) were utilized. Blood was collected at Days 0, 14, 18, 28, 40 after AI (AI = day 0). Pregnancy was diagnosed by ultrasound at Days 28 and 40 post AI. Out of 32 buffaloes, 14 were pregnant (P group) and 18 were not pregnant (NP group). The plasma PAG-2 threshold of 1.0 ng/mL in the P group was reached at day 40 post AI. PAG2 mRNA expression differed between the P and NP groups, and was either evaluated in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) or Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes (PMN), starting from day 14. However, both the estimated marginal means and multiple comparisons showed that PAG2 mRNA expression was higher in PMN than PBMC. In the present study, PAG-2 appeared in the blood (40 Days post AI), and an early expression of PAG2 mRNA at Day 14 post AI was also observed. Although further research is undoubtedly required, PAG2 mRNA in peripheral blood leukocytes could be using to better understand the role that PAGs play during pregnancy in buffalo.

ACS Style

Olimpia Barbato; Gabriella Guelfi; Laura Menchetti; Gabriele Brecchia; Noelita Melo De Sousa; Claudio Canali; Francesco Grandoni; Maria Carmela Scatà; Giovanna De Matteis; Anna Beatrice Casano; Jean François Beckers; Vittoria Lucia Barile. Investigation of PAG2 mRNA Expression in Water Buffalo Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes from Maternal Blood at the Peri-Implantation Period. Veterinary Sciences 2019, 6, 8 .

AMA Style

Olimpia Barbato, Gabriella Guelfi, Laura Menchetti, Gabriele Brecchia, Noelita Melo De Sousa, Claudio Canali, Francesco Grandoni, Maria Carmela Scatà, Giovanna De Matteis, Anna Beatrice Casano, Jean François Beckers, Vittoria Lucia Barile. Investigation of PAG2 mRNA Expression in Water Buffalo Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes from Maternal Blood at the Peri-Implantation Period. Veterinary Sciences. 2019; 6 (1):8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Olimpia Barbato; Gabriella Guelfi; Laura Menchetti; Gabriele Brecchia; Noelita Melo De Sousa; Claudio Canali; Francesco Grandoni; Maria Carmela Scatà; Giovanna De Matteis; Anna Beatrice Casano; Jean François Beckers; Vittoria Lucia Barile. 2019. "Investigation of PAG2 mRNA Expression in Water Buffalo Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes from Maternal Blood at the Peri-Implantation Period." Veterinary Sciences 6, no. 1: 8.

Journal article
Published: 12 September 2018 in Reproduction in Domestic Animals
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This is the first time that PAG determination using two different antisera raised against PAG molecules purified from both caprine (RIA-706) and bubaline placentas (RIA-860) is reported in water buffalo. Ninety-eight buffalo cows, belonging to a buffalo herd subjected to a synchronization and artificial insemination (AI) programme, were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were taken on days 0 (AI), 23, 25, 28, 30 and 45. Pregnancy was confirmed by ultrasonography on days 28 and 45. The blood of 20 buffaloes that had calved was tested every five days from the day of calving until day 50 postcalving. Differences in PAG concentrations were observed between pregnant and nonpregnant buffaloes starting from day 23 post AI using both RIA-706 and RIA-860 (p < 0.001). However, estimated mean concentrations of PAG measured by RIA-706 were higher than RIA-860 (p < 0.001) and Bland-Altman analysis showed biases ranged from 0.0 ng/ml at day 23 to 0.79 ng/ml at day 28 post AI. Moreover, RIA-706 showed greater sensitivity and accuracy both at 23 and 25 days of pregnancy. RIA-706 and RIA-860 decreased below 1 ng/ml from 40 and 30 days postpartum, respectively, suggesting that PAG are better recognized by the antisera raised against the caprine PAG in the postpartum period also. This is essential when using PAG as an appropriate marker of early pregnancy after postpartum for detecting new pregnancies. The results of this study show that the ability of RIA systems to recognize early PAG could be improved using antisera raised against PAG molecules isolated from caprine placenta.

ACS Style

Olimpia Barbato; Laura Menchetti; Noelita M. Sousa; Gabriele Brecchia; Alessandro Malfatti; Claudio Canali; Jean‐Francois Beckers; Vittoria L. Barile. Correlation of two radioimmunoassay systems for measuring plasma pregnancy‐associated glycoproteins concentrations during early pregnancy and postpartum periods in water buffalo. Reproduction in Domestic Animals 2018, 53, 1483 -1490.

AMA Style

Olimpia Barbato, Laura Menchetti, Noelita M. Sousa, Gabriele Brecchia, Alessandro Malfatti, Claudio Canali, Jean‐Francois Beckers, Vittoria L. Barile. Correlation of two radioimmunoassay systems for measuring plasma pregnancy‐associated glycoproteins concentrations during early pregnancy and postpartum periods in water buffalo. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 2018; 53 (6):1483-1490.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Olimpia Barbato; Laura Menchetti; Noelita M. Sousa; Gabriele Brecchia; Alessandro Malfatti; Claudio Canali; Jean‐Francois Beckers; Vittoria L. Barile. 2018. "Correlation of two radioimmunoassay systems for measuring plasma pregnancy‐associated glycoproteins concentrations during early pregnancy and postpartum periods in water buffalo." Reproduction in Domestic Animals 53, no. 6: 1483-1490.

Randomized controlled trial
Published: 01 February 2018 in Theriogenology
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Inflammation of the uterus and oviduct is associated with reduced reproductive performance in humans and domestic animals. Toll-like receptors are expressed in various immune and non-immune cells and play a crucial role in innate immunity. Toll-like receptor - 4 (TLR4) can detect lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria leading to the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, antimicrobial peptides and other inflammatory mediators. To investigate the effects of a local inflammation on the expression levels of TLR4 and pro-inflammatory cytokines, 12 female rabbits received an intracervical infusion with either saline solution endotoxin-free (carrier, 2 mL; n = 6) or LPS (500 μg diluted in 2 mL of saline solution; n = 6). Blood samples were performed at 0, 30, 60 and 90 min and 2,4,6 and 24 h after treatment to evaluate interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plasma concentrations. Animals were sacrificed 24 h post-treatment. The uterus and oviducts were immediately collected. The gene expression and protein levels of TLR4 and pro-inflammatory cytokines were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immuno-histochemical assay, respectively. Our study showed that the intracervical administration of LPS induced local inflammation given that the animals showed no clinical signs, the histological samples revealed signs of inflammation and plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were unchanged compared to the control. LPS produced an increase in the TLR4 mRNA expression levels in the uterus with respect to the control (P < 0.05). In LPS-treated rabbits the gene expression of IL-1β was higher in the uterus and oviducts and TNF-α only in the oviduct (P < 0.05) as compared to the control. The immuno-histochemical assay showed that TLR4, IL-1β and TNF-α were expressed in the reproductive tissues of the rabbit. Moreover, after the LPS stimulation the stromal cells of the uterus exhibited a higher staining for TLR4 (P < 0.05) and the epithelial cells of the oviduct for TNF-α and IL-1β (P < 0.05) with respect to the control. These results suggest that (1) TRL4, IL-1β and TNF-α are expressed in uterus and oviducts of the doe, and (2) LPS up-regulates the gene and protein expression of TLR4 and pro-inflammatory cytokines in uterus and oviducts. Therefore, the rabbit could be a useful animal model for studying the local mechanisms involved in reproductive dysfunctions caused by subclinical infections.

ACS Style

Laura Menchetti; Olimpia Barbato; Iulia Elena Filipescu; Giovanna Traina; Leonardo Leonardi; Angela Polisca; Alessandro Troisi; Gabriella Guelfi; Federica Piro; Gabriele Brecchia. Effects of local lipopolysaccharide administration on the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 and pro-inflammatory cytokines in uterus and oviduct of rabbit does. Theriogenology 2018, 107, 162 -174.

AMA Style

Laura Menchetti, Olimpia Barbato, Iulia Elena Filipescu, Giovanna Traina, Leonardo Leonardi, Angela Polisca, Alessandro Troisi, Gabriella Guelfi, Federica Piro, Gabriele Brecchia. Effects of local lipopolysaccharide administration on the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 and pro-inflammatory cytokines in uterus and oviduct of rabbit does. Theriogenology. 2018; 107 ():162-174.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Menchetti; Olimpia Barbato; Iulia Elena Filipescu; Giovanna Traina; Leonardo Leonardi; Angela Polisca; Alessandro Troisi; Gabriella Guelfi; Federica Piro; Gabriele Brecchia. 2018. "Effects of local lipopolysaccharide administration on the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 and pro-inflammatory cytokines in uterus and oviduct of rabbit does." Theriogenology 107, no. : 162-174.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2017 in Research in Veterinary Science
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MiRNAs (microRNA) constitute a large family of single-stranded, non-coding small RNAs. Although the functions and target genes of most miRNAs are still unknown, it has been well established that they are involved in embryogenesis, organogenesis and neonatal birth. In recent decades, interest in buffalo breeding has largely increased worldwide thus focusing the attention on this species as a dairy purpose animal. Problems related to long calving interval, late puberty and seasonal anestrus hamper reproductive efficiency in this species. Early pregnancy diagnosis is important to shorten the calving interval and increase lifetime production on dairy animals. MicroRNAs have recently emerged as key molecules in fertilization of several species even though in buffalo, few previous studies have investigated miRNAs. The aim of this research was to identify the best miRNA reference in serum among miR-191, miR-25-3p, SNORD44, and SNORD48. Consequently, assess the expression levels of miR-103, miR-200b, miR-301a, miR-423-5p, miR-375, miR-451 and miR-452 involved in buffalo progesterone-maturation oocyte and pregnancy. Interestingly, we found that all the miRNAs analyzed at 40days after artificial insemination were differentially expressed among pregnant and non-pregnant buffalo. Our research may be a first step for gain further insight in the biological function of circulating miRNAs in this species.

ACS Style

Gabriella Guelfi; Valentina Stefanetti; Silvio De Luca; Andrea Giontella; Vittoria Lucia Barile; Olimpia Barbato. Serum microRNAs in buffalo cows: Potential biomarkers of pregnancy. Research in Veterinary Science 2017, 115, 294 -300.

AMA Style

Gabriella Guelfi, Valentina Stefanetti, Silvio De Luca, Andrea Giontella, Vittoria Lucia Barile, Olimpia Barbato. Serum microRNAs in buffalo cows: Potential biomarkers of pregnancy. Research in Veterinary Science. 2017; 115 ():294-300.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriella Guelfi; Valentina Stefanetti; Silvio De Luca; Andrea Giontella; Vittoria Lucia Barile; Olimpia Barbato. 2017. "Serum microRNAs in buffalo cows: Potential biomarkers of pregnancy." Research in Veterinary Science 115, no. : 294-300.

Published erratum
Published: 01 October 2017 in Research in Veterinary Science
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Olimpia Barbato; Elisabetta Chiaradia; Vittoria Lucia Barile; Francesca Pierri; Noelita Melo De Sousa; Luigi Terracina; Claudio Canali; Luca Avellini. Corrigendum to “Investigation into omocysteine, vitamin E and malondialdehyde as indicators of successful artificial insemination in synchronized buffalo cows (Bubalus bubalis)” [Res. Vet. Sci. Volume 104, February 2016, Pages 100–105]. Research in Veterinary Science 2017, 114, 526 .

AMA Style

Olimpia Barbato, Elisabetta Chiaradia, Vittoria Lucia Barile, Francesca Pierri, Noelita Melo De Sousa, Luigi Terracina, Claudio Canali, Luca Avellini. Corrigendum to “Investigation into omocysteine, vitamin E and malondialdehyde as indicators of successful artificial insemination in synchronized buffalo cows (Bubalus bubalis)” [Res. Vet. Sci. Volume 104, February 2016, Pages 100–105]. Research in Veterinary Science. 2017; 114 ():526.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Olimpia Barbato; Elisabetta Chiaradia; Vittoria Lucia Barile; Francesca Pierri; Noelita Melo De Sousa; Luigi Terracina; Claudio Canali; Luca Avellini. 2017. "Corrigendum to “Investigation into omocysteine, vitamin E and malondialdehyde as indicators of successful artificial insemination in synchronized buffalo cows (Bubalus bubalis)” [Res. Vet. Sci. Volume 104, February 2016, Pages 100–105]." Research in Veterinary Science 114, no. : 526.

Conference abstract
Published: 01 August 2017 in Journal of Biotechnology
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Gabriele Brecchia; Bernard Fioretti; Tommaso Beccari; Olimpia Barbato; Iulia Elena Filipescu; Lorenzo Vecchione; Laura Menchetti. Goji berries supplementation improves productive performance of rabbit. Journal of Biotechnology 2017, 256, S75 .

AMA Style

Gabriele Brecchia, Bernard Fioretti, Tommaso Beccari, Olimpia Barbato, Iulia Elena Filipescu, Lorenzo Vecchione, Laura Menchetti. Goji berries supplementation improves productive performance of rabbit. Journal of Biotechnology. 2017; 256 ():S75.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriele Brecchia; Bernard Fioretti; Tommaso Beccari; Olimpia Barbato; Iulia Elena Filipescu; Lorenzo Vecchione; Laura Menchetti. 2017. "Goji berries supplementation improves productive performance of rabbit." Journal of Biotechnology 256, no. : S75.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2017 in Theriogenology
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For the first time in literature this study describes the pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (PAG) profile of buffalo cows during gestation and the post-partum period using antiserum raised against PAG-molecules purified from buffalo placenta (AS#860). Ninety-eight buffalo cows, belonging to a buffalo herd subjected to a synchronization and artificial insemination (AI) program, were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were taken on days 0 (AI), 23, 25, 28, 30 and then biweekly until the end of pregnancy. Pregnancy was confirmed by ultrasonography on days 28 and 45, and by rectal palpation from day 60 onwards. Blood samples were suspended for the non-pregnant cows on day 45, while the blood of 20 buffaloes that had calved was tested every five days from the day of calving until day 50 post-calving. A cut-off value of 1.0 ng/mL was used in order to discriminate between pregnant and non-pregnant buffaloes. We used Linear Mixed models after Log(x+1) transformation to analyse the PAG concentrations. Fifty-two buffalo cows had become pregnant out of 98 synchronized (53%) and 46 remained non-pregnant (47%) as shown by ultrasonography and the PAG analysis. Significant differences (P < 0.001) in PAG concentrations were observed between the pregnant and non-pregnant buffaloes from day 23 as the PAG of the non-pregnant cows was always close to zero. Conversely, the PAG of the pregnant cows increased progressively from day AI until day 105 post-insemination and then stabilized until the end of pregnancy. Regarding pregnancy diagnosis, the sensitivity of PAG-RIA 860 system (ability of the test to correctly identify pregnant buffalo) ranged from 23% on day 23-98% on day 28 post AI; the specificity (ability to correctly identify non-pregnant buffaloes) was 100% throughout the sampling period. PAG progressively decreased from parturition to day 25 post-partum; from day 30 post-partum, the concentrations fell below 1 ng/mL and were close to 0 on the last day of observation (50 d post-partum). In conclusion, our results showed that RIA-860 is highly accurate for diagnosing pregnancy in buffaloes starting from day 28 of gestation. Furthermore, the rapid disappearance of PAG concentration after calving means that a cut-off limit in post-partum for detecting a new pregnancy is not required

ACS Style

O. Barbato; Laura Menchetti; N.M. Sousa; A. Malfatti; Gabriele Brecchia; C. Canali; J.F. Beckers; V.L. Barile. Pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) concentrations in water buffaloes ( Bubalus bubalis ) during gestation and the postpartum period. Theriogenology 2017, 97, 73 -77.

AMA Style

O. Barbato, Laura Menchetti, N.M. Sousa, A. Malfatti, Gabriele Brecchia, C. Canali, J.F. Beckers, V.L. Barile. Pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) concentrations in water buffaloes ( Bubalus bubalis ) during gestation and the postpartum period. Theriogenology. 2017; 97 ():73-77.

Chicago/Turabian Style

O. Barbato; Laura Menchetti; N.M. Sousa; A. Malfatti; Gabriele Brecchia; C. Canali; J.F. Beckers; V.L. Barile. 2017. "Pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) concentrations in water buffaloes ( Bubalus bubalis ) during gestation and the postpartum period." Theriogenology 97, no. : 73-77.

Journal article
Published: 03 October 2016 in Theriogenology
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This study investigates for the first time mRNA pregnancy-associated glycoprotein 2 (PAG-2) expression in blood cells during early pregnancy in water buffalo. The PAGs constitute a large family of glycoproteins expressed in the outer epithelial layer of the placenta in eutherian species. All PAGs are not concomitantly expressed throughout pregnancy; some of them are expressed in the earlier phases, whereas others appear later and are expressed over a shorter period. Twenty-one lactating buffaloes were analyzed-17 females were synchronized with PRID and artificially inseminated (AI), whereas four females were synchronized but not inseminated (control group). Blood was collected at Days 0, 18, 28, 40, and 75 from AI (AI = Day 0). Expression of PAG-2 mRNA in blood samples was measured with real-time polymerase chain reaction. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed on Day 28 (D28) and Day 40 (D40) after AI by ultrasonography (US) and by PAG-1 RIA method. The females diagnosed pregnant at D28 and confirmed pregnant at D40 were defined as D28(+)D40(+) group; the females diagnosed pregnant at D28 but not confirmed pregnant at D40 were defined as D28(+)D40(-) group; and the females that were diagnosed as nonpregnant on either days were defined as D28(-)D40(-) group. PAG-2 mRNA at Day 0 was not observed in any groups. The D28(+)D40(+) group showed the highest expression, starting on Day 18 and increasing progressively up to Day 75. PAG-2 mRNA was also expressed on Day 18 in both D28(+)D40(-) and D28(-)D40(-) groups, but their levels were lower than those of D28(+)D40(+) group and almost constant over time. PAG-2 mRNA was never detected in the control group. The significant difference in the expression of PAG-2 mRNA between the D28(+)D40(+) group and the D28(-)D40(-) group, starting from Day 18, suggests that these animals might have conceived, but have experienced early embryonic loss; therefore, the PAG-2 mRNA was still present in blood circulation although at lower levels, as found in the D28(+)D40(-) group. In conclusion, this study shows that PAG-2 mRNA can be detected in peripheral maternal blood cells earlier than circulating PAG-1 molecules and could be useful for studies on early pregnancy and embryonic mortality.

ACS Style

O. Barbato; G. Guelfi; V.L. Barile; L. Menchetti; C. Tortiello; C. Canali; G. Brecchia; G. Traina; J.F. Beckers; N. Melo de Sousa. Using real-time PCR to identify pregnancy-associated glycoprotein 2 (PAG-2) in water buffalo ( Bubalus bubalis ) blood in early pregnancy. Theriogenology 2016, 89, 106 -113.

AMA Style

O. Barbato, G. Guelfi, V.L. Barile, L. Menchetti, C. Tortiello, C. Canali, G. Brecchia, G. Traina, J.F. Beckers, N. Melo de Sousa. Using real-time PCR to identify pregnancy-associated glycoprotein 2 (PAG-2) in water buffalo ( Bubalus bubalis ) blood in early pregnancy. Theriogenology. 2016; 89 ():106-113.

Chicago/Turabian Style

O. Barbato; G. Guelfi; V.L. Barile; L. Menchetti; C. Tortiello; C. Canali; G. Brecchia; G. Traina; J.F. Beckers; N. Melo de Sousa. 2016. "Using real-time PCR to identify pregnancy-associated glycoprotein 2 (PAG-2) in water buffalo ( Bubalus bubalis ) blood in early pregnancy." Theriogenology 89, no. : 106-113.

Evaluation study
Published: 23 September 2016 in Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents
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G Traina; Laura Menchetti; F Rappa; P Casagrande-Proietti; O Barbato; L Leonardi; F Carini; F Piro; Gabriele Brecchia. Probiotic mixture supplementation in the preventive management of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced inflammation in a murine model. Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents 2016, 30, 1 .

AMA Style

G Traina, Laura Menchetti, F Rappa, P Casagrande-Proietti, O Barbato, L Leonardi, F Carini, F Piro, Gabriele Brecchia. Probiotic mixture supplementation in the preventive management of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced inflammation in a murine model. Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents. 2016; 30 (3):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

G Traina; Laura Menchetti; F Rappa; P Casagrande-Proietti; O Barbato; L Leonardi; F Carini; F Piro; Gabriele Brecchia. 2016. "Probiotic mixture supplementation in the preventive management of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced inflammation in a murine model." Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents 30, no. 3: 1.

Conference abstract
Published: 01 August 2016 in Journal of Biotechnology
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Laura Menchetti; Olimpia Barbato; Leonardo Leonardi; Federica Piro; Giovanna Traina; Gabriella Guelfi; Alessandro Troisi; Gabriele Brecchia. Expression pattern of Toll-like receptors 4 on the reproductive organs and gonadal axis of female rabbit. Journal of Biotechnology 2016, 231, S109 .

AMA Style

Laura Menchetti, Olimpia Barbato, Leonardo Leonardi, Federica Piro, Giovanna Traina, Gabriella Guelfi, Alessandro Troisi, Gabriele Brecchia. Expression pattern of Toll-like receptors 4 on the reproductive organs and gonadal axis of female rabbit. Journal of Biotechnology. 2016; 231 ():S109.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Menchetti; Olimpia Barbato; Leonardo Leonardi; Federica Piro; Giovanna Traina; Gabriella Guelfi; Alessandro Troisi; Gabriele Brecchia. 2016. "Expression pattern of Toll-like receptors 4 on the reproductive organs and gonadal axis of female rabbit." Journal of Biotechnology 231, no. : S109.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2016 in Research in Veterinary Science
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The aim of this study was to describe modifications in plasma homocysteine (Hcy), vitamin E (VitE) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in the first 56 days after artificial insemination (AI) in buffalo. Thirty-five buffalo cows were divided, ex post, into three groups on the basis of pregnancy diagnosis: pregnant, not pregnant, with embryonic mortality. Pregnancy was diagnosed by ultrasonography and plasma concentrations of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs). Our results showed that, in pregnant buffaloes, included those with embryonic mortality, MDA increased progressively while VitE decreased. In non pregnant buffaloes, MDA and Vit E were unchanged. Hcy concentrations also remained unchanged within each group throughout the study period, but were lower in non pregnant buffaloes than in the pregnant ones and in those with embryonic mortality. In conclusion, present data suggest that successful pregnancy in buffalo cows might be linked to Hcy metabolism and oxidative stress involvement.

ACS Style

Olimpia Barbato; Elisabetta Chiaradia; Vittoria Lucia Barile; Francesca Pierri; Noelita Melo De Sousa; Luigi Terracina; Claudio Canali; Luca Avellini. Investigation into omocysteine, vitamin E and malondialdehyde as indicators of successful artificial insemination in synchronized buffalo cows (Bubalus bubalis). Research in Veterinary Science 2016, 104, 100 -105.

AMA Style

Olimpia Barbato, Elisabetta Chiaradia, Vittoria Lucia Barile, Francesca Pierri, Noelita Melo De Sousa, Luigi Terracina, Claudio Canali, Luca Avellini. Investigation into omocysteine, vitamin E and malondialdehyde as indicators of successful artificial insemination in synchronized buffalo cows (Bubalus bubalis). Research in Veterinary Science. 2016; 104 ():100-105.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Olimpia Barbato; Elisabetta Chiaradia; Vittoria Lucia Barile; Francesca Pierri; Noelita Melo De Sousa; Luigi Terracina; Claudio Canali; Luca Avellini. 2016. "Investigation into omocysteine, vitamin E and malondialdehyde as indicators of successful artificial insemination in synchronized buffalo cows (Bubalus bubalis)." Research in Veterinary Science 104, no. : 100-105.