This narrative review evaluates the current role of interventional radiology in the diagnosis and treatment of parathyroid disorders. In patients with biochemically confirmed hyperparathyroidism but inconclusive or discordant preoperative localization imaging, image-guided interventions can help establish a diagnosis that can alter management. This review outlines the current diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for the study of parathyroid pathology from the interventional radiologist’s perspective, highlighting novel techniques and their growing clinical adoption. The combination of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy and measurement of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the needle washout fluid can improve diagnostic specificity by providing biochemical evidence of parathyroid tissue. This is particularly useful for lesions that are difficult to differentiate from thyroid nodules or cervical lymph nodes based solely on imaging characteristics. Despite this, no widely accepted cut-off washout PTH level has yet been established. Due to the differences in assay techniques and laboratory procedures, results should be interpreted in conjunction with clinical findings and concomitant biochemical parameters. Ultrasound-guided thermal ablation techniques, especially radiofrequency and microwave ablation, have recently been reported as minimally invasive alternatives or adjuvants to surgery in appropriately selected patients. Evidence supporting parathyroid embolization is limited, but it may be considered a potential salvage option for persistent or recurrent disease. Given that most of the current evidence is derived from retrospective case series, multicenter prospective studies for technical standardization and long-term outcomes evaluation are clearly needed.

Background/Objectives: Drug-coated balloons (DCBs) deliver paclitaxel to the vessel wall and leave nothing behind, which makes them mechanistically appealing here, yet head-to-head data confined to the isolated popliteal/SFA segment are still scarce. We directly compared 12-month hemodynamic, symptomatic, and patency loss outcomes between DCB and plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA) in this anatomical setting. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 401 consecutive endovascular procedures performed at a single center between January 2021 and December 2024 for isolated popliteal and/or SFA disease, comprising 179 DCB and 222 POBA cases. 12-month endpoints of composite clinical success, asymptomatic recovery, and composite patency loss were analyzed. The composite patency loss endpoint was further fitted to a multivariable logistic regression with baseline ABI, baseline Rutherford category, lesion length, and total occlusion as covariates. The composite patency loss endpoint was further fitted to a multivariable logistic regression with baseline ABI, baseline Rutherford category, lesion length, and total occlusion as covariates, designated as the principal effect estimate. Kaplan–Meier cumulative incidence plots are presented descriptively only. Results: The study population comprised 401 patients (mean age 68.4 ± 10.6 years; 316 male [78.8%]), with 179 in the DCB arm (mean age 65.3 ± 10.5 years; 80.4% male) and 222 in the POBA arm (mean age 71.0 ± 9.8 years; 77.4% male). DCB-treated lesions started out more advanced: longer (94.5 ± 48.2 vs. 82.7 ± 43.3 mm; p = 0.010), more often totally occluded (39.7% vs. 19.4%; p < 0.001), and weighted toward TASC II C/D (p < 0.001). Mean ABI improved by +0.27 in both arms, with no detectable between-arm difference (p = 0.860; within-arm p < 0.001 in each). Asymptomatic recovery at 12 months was more common after DCB (62.0% vs. 51.4%; p = 0.033; OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.04–2.31), and composite patency loss was roughly halved (6.7% vs. 12.6%; p = 0.050; OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.25–1.01). Documented TLR (4.5% vs. 7.2%; p = 0.251) and composite clinical success (86.6% vs. 82.4%; p = 0.255) did not reach significance. Conclusions: Across 401 real-world procedures in isolated popliteal and/or SFA disease, mean ABI gain was identical between arms, yet DCB delivered measurably more complete symptomatic recovery and a near-significant halving of composite patency loss at 12 months, with both signals robust to multivariable adjustment. In this real-world setting, DCB was associated with more complete symptomatic recovery and a numerically lower composite patency loss rate; these findings are hypothesis-generating and require confirmation in adequately powered randomized trials.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease characterized by progressive joint deformity and increased mortality. RA patients typically exhibit elevated plasma levels of inflammatory markers, contributing to endothelial dysfunction and increased arterial wall stiffness—a recognized marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and heightened cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to evaluate carotid arterial wall stiffness in RA patients using ultrasound (US) imaging modality with speckle tracking carotid strain (STCS) software, a non-invasive method for assessing subclinical cardiovascular disease indicators. Methods: This analytical case–control study was conducted at Aydin Adnan Menderes University Hospital Department of Radiology and Department of Rheumatology. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Data collection tools included an 11-item case report form developed by the researcher based on relevant literature and carotid US examinations performed. Results: The study included 143 participants: 75 RA patients (60 female and 15 male) and 68 control subjects (54 female and 14 male). The mean age was 50.9 ± 11.4 years (range: 25.0–74.0) for the RA group and 53.1 ± 12.6 years (range: 20.0–77.0) for the control group. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (mean ± SD) were 7.4 ± 11.5 in the RA group and 8.6 ± 22.2 in the control group. However, due to a few outliers in the control group, the median CRP was 3.3 mg/L (range: 2.0–71.9) in the RA group versus 2.0 mg/L (range: 0.8–145.0) in the controls. This nonparametric comparison showed significantly higher typical CRP levels in the RA group (p < 0.05). All stiffness and strain parameters in axial and longitudinal planes showed statistically significant differences between the two groups (p < 0.05), except the circumferential strain parameter “displacement (DP)” (p = 0.074). Although no significant correlation was found between the disease activity score (DAS) and any strain or stiffness parameter, the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) exhibited a significant positive correlation with disease duration (p = 0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors (age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and smoking status) using multivariate linear regression analysis, RA remained a significant predictor for all stiffness and strain parameters, except for the circumferential strain parameter DP. Conclusion: Applying functional parameters to assess arterial wall stiffness and tension levels provides valuable insights for early detection of cardiovascular disease risk, preceding classical US findings such as increased intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque formation. While preliminary, our findings from STCS measurements in RA patients show promise in evaluating cardiovascular disease risk in this population and potentially improving long-term outcomes through timely interventions.

Aims: To evaluate the publication outcomes and bibliometric characteristics of musculoskeletal radiology oral presentations delivered at the European Congress of Radiology (ECR) from 2021 to 2023.Methods: This study analyzed all musculoskeletal radiology oral presentations from the ECR 2021-2023 books of abstracts. A comprehensive search of the MEDLINE database via PubMed was conducted to identify subsequent full-text original research publications. Data extracted included subspecialty, study design, collaboration type, author gender, and geographic origin. Bibliometric parameters, including the 5-year journal impact factor (JIF) and citation counts, were also recorded.Results: Out of 208 oral presentations, 145 (69.7%) were subsequently published as full-text articles. The median time to publication was 17.2 months. European Radiology was the most frequent publication venue (15.8%). Germany was the leading contributing country (25.4%). International collaborations yielded significantly higher median citation counts (12.0) and mean JIF (5.1) compared to national and local collaborations. A persistent gender imbalance was observed, with male authors comprising 71.9% and female authors 28.1% of contributors, with no significant change detected across the three years. Among published articles, the most common subspecialties were spine and wrist-hand/foot-ankle (13.2% each).Conclusion: Musculoskeletal radiology oral presentations at ECR 2021-2023 demonstrated a high publication rate of 69.7%, exceeding rates reported for general radiology congresses. International collaborations were associated with greater citation impact. However, a significant gender disparity persists among contributing authors, highlighting the need for continued efforts to promote gender equity in radiological research.

Percutaneous renal biopsy is essential for diagnosing kidney disease, yet the optimal technical approach remains debated. This study aimed to compare coaxi