Purpose. The research aims to study wastewater treatment technology using electrical discharge at the Aktogay field in Kazakhstan to assess its effectiveness in reducing heavy metal concentrations and improving water quality. Methods. Laboratory tests were conducted on a specially designed experimental setup operating in the voltage range from 15 to 100 kV and frequencies from 50 Hz to 10 kHz. Physical-chemical parameters of water (pH, electrical conductivity, temperature), concentrations of heavy metals (copper, zinc, cadmium) before and after treatment were measured. Mathematical models were used to describe the precipitation processes and to assess the purification efficiency. Findings. Electrical discharge technology has been found to achieve a purification rate of up to 97.5% for copper, 97.3% for zinc and 96% for cadmium. At optimal parameters (15 kV, 10 kHz), heavy metal concentrations are reduced to levels that comply with World Health Organization standards. Improvement of physical characteristics of water (colour, odour, electrical conductivity) confirms the high efficiency of the method. Originality. For the first time, an innovative wastewater treatment methodology based on electrical discharge technology, implemented using a specially designed device, has been developed and tested. Mathematical models of heavy metal removal processes that describe the kinetics and dynamics of pollutant precipitation have been proposed and experimentally confirmed. Practical implications. The obtained results demonstrate a high potential for the industrial application of electrical discharge technology for treatment of wastewater generated during the processing of mineral raw materials at the Aktogay mine. Implementation of this technology will improve the environmental safety of production, while reducing operating costs and ensuring the possibility of water reuse.

The article deals with the issues of vehicle traffic safety on artificial constructions. Ensuring safety in the field of rail transport is an essential element in the activities of all subjects of the market of railway services, including passenger carriers. To fully study the issues of the deformed state of beam superstructures, it is necessary to conduct static and dynamic tests. Before the start of the tests, it is mandatory to check the technical condition of the artificial structure: 1) visual inspection, special checks with verification of necessary parameters; 2) carrying out control linear measurements; 3) selective determination of concrete strength by non-destructive methods. First, the static tests is conducted to determine the total deformations of each beam of the superstructure at the control point with maximum deformations of ½ L. Then dynamic tests with determination of periods of natural oscillations and deformations (stresses). Processing of the results of surveys and tests of the overpass with an assessment of the possibility of passing design loads on the road bridge, after which a dynamic passport of the transport structure is compiled. The study of the stressed state of vehicles gives a clear idea of the causes of deformations in the structural elements when analyzing the work of the span of the automobile bridge in conditions of increasing axial loads and traffic flow speeds. Deformation processes lead to defects, structural failures and accidents on the vehicle, which leads to premature wear, material damage and environmental damage. Periodic measurements of deformations (stresses) of the superstructure structure over several years will make it possible to predict changes in its condition over time and determine the remaining resource in terms of load-bearing capacity and load capacity. As a result of experimental studies, it was proved that the presented technique, developed in the classical version for detecting structural defects between a single-layer coating and a base of various types, can also work effectively in the case of non-destructive testing of multilayer structures

This paper presents the results of the study of stress-strain state of reinforced concrete spans of two overpasses. With increasing volumes of cargo transportation by rail, the axle load increases up to 25 tons. Bridges and overpasses built about 100 years ago have acquired hidden defects during the years of operation. The safe operation of artificial structures requires additional research using the TENZO software and hardware complex, which processes digital records from primary transducers based on strain gauges. In 2018 and 2023, deflections, strains and stresses were obtained for typical beam spans of 11.5 m and 16.5 m of two reinforced concrete overpasses, from static and dynamic loads. For example, in 2018, the “spread” of stresses from the test load (TEM18) for the right-hand blocks of the 11.5 m spans ranged from 3.7 MPa to 3.71 MPa at different loading stages, and for the left-hand blocks of the 11.5 m spans ranged from 3.46 MPa to 3.9 MPa at different loading stages. In 2023, the stress range was from 2.58 MPa to 4.65 MPa for the right span blocks of 11.5 m span and from 2.67 MPa to 4.7 MPa for the left span blocks at different stages of loading. The 2018 data show uneven loading of the span blocks, indicating that the track axis is offset from the axis of the transportation structure. In 2023, the span structure blocks worked uniformly, which indicates that the track axis and the axis of the transportation structure are aligned (coincide). The obtained dependences “deformations and stresses” for typical beam spans of 11.5 m show the technical condition of the structures of the investigated objects, confirming the possibility of increasing the passage through them of a larger tonnage of transported cargo (increase in axial load up to 25 tons per axle). The spans have demonstrated reliable behavior under dynamic loads, with no signs of significant degradation in the period from 2018 to 2023. The use of data from scientific monitoring methods with the use of digital hardware and software systems will significantly reduce the cost of maintaining artificial structures on railroads and improve the safety of transportation infrastructure

Анализ аномальных явлений, принесший огромный ущерб по Республике Казахстан показал о необходимости изменения подхода к организации оперативно-спасательных мероприятий по оказанию помощи пострадавшим от поводков, а также поиск методов борьбы со стихийными бедствиями. Затруднения по спасению и эвакуации людей из зон подтопления не вольно наводит на мысль, о том, что какой вид транспорта более эффективен для оказания спасательных мероприятий и как оказалось существующие транспортные средства оказались малоэффективными. В связи с чем мы предлагаем альтернативный вид транспортного средства эвакуации, имеющее широкое применение как в близком, так и дальнем зарубежье (Россия, США, Австралия, Канада, Польша и т.д.). Альтернативным транспортным средством является судно на воздушной подушке (СВП), которое может помочь решит множество нерешимых задач по спасению людей в сложных ситуациях. При благоприятном развитии данного направления возможность использования данного транспортного средства в логистической доставке грузов.

В данной статье проведены исследования по проектированию амфибийного судна на воздушной подушке (АСВП), даны практические рекомендации по строительству и эксплуатации оптимального варианта АСВП по эксклюзивным инновационным (авторским) параметрам. Эксплуатация АСВП на просторах Республики Казахстан, т.е. создание альтернативного амфибийного вида транспорта, могущего быть заменой традиционным видам наземного транспорта при использовании в особых условиях (отсутствие дорог, период подтопления, разлива паводковых вод, в зимний период снежных заносов) является актуальным решением. Анализируя данные проведенных исследований, разработана оптимальная модель АСВП с приведением технической характеристики, схемы воздушной подушки, тяговых параметров, учитывающих вес конструкции в груженном и порожнем состоянии. Разработанная модель АСВП должна найти широкое применение как альтернативное инновационное транспортное средство для передвижения, перевозки пассажиров и грузов в экстремальных условиях бездорожья. А также возможного развития туристического и спортивного направлений в Республике Казахстан.