La investigación de carácter cualitativa que presentamos pretende aportar al debate respecto a las posibilidades que tiene la escuela de contribuir a la formación ciudadana de sus estudiantes a propósito del cumplimiento de una ley chilena que data del año 2016, la cual obliga a los establecimientos educacionales del país a tener un plan de formación ciudadana, con actividades que incluyan a la niñez que ingresa a la educación inicial, hasta aquella que cursa el último año de enseñanza media. El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido reconocer la forma en que ha enfrentado la escuela este desafío y especialmente, el nivel de participación que ha tenido la comunidad escolar en la confección de los planes. Geográficamente, la investigación se realizó en dos regiones de Chile, Maule y Biobío. Para recopilar la información se realizaron siete grupos de discusión, y para procesar y analizar los datos, se recurrió a la estrategia de análisis cualitativo elaborada por Strauss, con la ayuda del software Atlas.ti 7. Los resultados muestran que, en su elaboración e implementación, el plan de formación ciudadana encuentra una serie de condicionamientos propios de la escuela como organización y campo social. Estos terminan por acotar su capacidad de acción para promover una cultura de participación y contribuir a través de este expediente a la formación ciudadana del estudiantado, lo que nos enseña a considerar la necesidad de estudiar con mayor profundidad la naturaleza política de la escuela y las condiciones desiguales con que sus integrantes se involucran en ella.

This article analyzes postgraduate teaching students’ evaluations of the training in research methodology received during their degree and its use in the teaching practice. The participants are students attending the Research Methodology course corresponding to a Master’s program, in the pedagogical field, at the Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chile. The methodology was qualitative, using open questionnaires and a discussion group. The data were analyzed using a categorical analysis and reduction, through ATLAS.ti 6.0. The main results show a critical view of the participants on the methodology and research training they received in undergraduate courses, as well as the insufficiencies in the training that is focused on the degree´s thesis design and not on giving tools to practice the profession. The participants questioned the role of the university in the education of teachers who do research. Regarding the uses of research methodology in the professional practice, although varied, they are limited by training deficits and institutional conditions. Despite their critics, the participants have high valuation of the significance of research methodology for the development of their professional practice. These results encourage us to suggest elements to nourish the debate about the way in which research methodology should be taught, as well as what research methodology is taught for, in order to contribute to the professional development processes of the teaching-research teams.

Este artículo tiene como finalidad identificar la percepción del profesorado de Historia, Geografía y Ciencias Sociales (HGyCs) sobre sus prácticas educativas en relación con la formación ciudadana y la percepción del alumnado sobre las prácticas educativas de los docentes. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se desarrollaron 3 Grupos Focales con 18 profesores y se aplicó una encuesta a 347 alumnos. El procesamiento de la información se realizó con un modelo de análisis y reducción categorial y análisis estadístico. Entre los principales resultados destacamos que los docentes utilizan mayoritariamente actividades de simulación para el desarrollo de las competencias ciudadanas, lo que se estima influirá en la formación y el ejercicio de la participación en diversos contextos.

Este artículo cuestiona las implicaciones metodológicas que en teoría respetan el principio de autonomía en las investigaciones sociales. Se parte de consideraciones legales y principios teóricos y éticos, atendiendo a códigos deontológicos de asociaciones profesionales referentes al campo y a la normativa española sobre protección de datos personales. A continuación se muestra cómo se adaptó la teoría expuesta a la idiosincrasia metodológica de una investigación sobre educación cívica con menores de edad. Se resalta la necesidad de reflexionar sobre protocolos de actuación ética durante el diseño metodológico de las investigaciones, teniendo en cuenta consideraciones ético-epistemológicas y contextuales, como la posición relativa de los sujetos de estudio en el marco de las relaciones de poder existentes allí donde se desarrolla la acción.

Citizenship education in schools has been promoted in Chile through policies focused on participation, yet the expected results have not been achieved. Since school governance influences the effectiveness of such policies, this article aims to describe the governance present in some schools in the chilean region of Biobío. The study, with a qualitative approach of an exploratory type and flexible design, used semi-structured interviews applied to fifteen key informants, belonging to different school management teams from thirteen educational establishments. The interview guide was based on a model of democratic school governance composed of four dimensions: mechanisms for participation in decision-making, the scope of people involved, range of topics open to democratic deliberation, and quality of participation. The structural analysis of the data was conducted between mid-2020 and early 2025. The findings reveal that, although participation mechanisms exist, they are limited to formal spaces, with low representativeness and a narrow thematic scope. The lack of available time restricts the quality of participation, hindering deliberative processes that could foster learning for more democratic engagement. This situation reflects the impact of hegemonic model of educational governance, which tend to be adopted without critical examination within schools. This prevents the development of more democratic governance structures and, consequently, prevents schools surveyed from adequately fulfilling the objectives of citizenship education. Changing this situation requires addressing the specific dynamics of schools, which demands a comprehensive understanding of interrelated factors.

This article analyzes the explicit and implicit presence of social justice in the graduation profiles of Social Work programs at Chilean state universities, as well as the way in which its distributive, recognition, and participatory dimensions are articulated within the declarative curriculum. An exploratory qualitative design was developed based on a comparative documentary analysis of twelve official graduation profiles, retrieved from institutional sources and analyzed through a matrix grounded in a plural conception of social justice. The results show that explicit references to social justice are exceptional and that, more frequently, it is expressed indirectly through references to human rights, public policies, diversity, human development, citizenship, or territory. The distributive dimension shows the greatest operational development, especially through public policies, program management, state action, social equality, and intervention in vulnerable contexts. The recognition dimension appears mainly at a declarative level, linked to diversity, pluralism, interculturality, and gender. The participatory dimension is the least operationalized, with limited references to deliberation, democratic governance, or shared decision-making. The study identifies three profile typologies: distributive-institutional; rights-, diversity-, and recognition-oriented; and relatively integrated profiles of plural social justice. The findings suggest that strengthening curricular coherence may require moving from general normative statements toward competencies, learning outcomes, and assessment criteria capable of integrating redistribution, recognition, and participation in professional education.