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Gretel Mendoza
National Council of Science and Technology, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98000, Mexico

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Review
Published: 22 July 2021 in Cells
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Cancer is one of the leading public health issues worldwide, and the number of cancer patients increases every day. Particularly, cervical cancer (CC) is still the second leading cause of cancer death in women from developing countries. Thus, it is essential to deepen our knowledge about the molecular pathogenesis of CC and propose new therapeutic targets and new methods to diagnose this disease in its early stages. Differential expression analysis using high-throughput techniques applied to biological samples allows determining the physiological state of normal cells and the changes produced by cancer development. The cluster of differential molecular profiles in the genome, the transcriptome, or the proteome is analyzed in the disease, and it is called the molecular signature of cancer. Proteomic analysis of biological samples of patients with different grades of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and CC has served to elucidate the pathways involved in the development and progression of cancer and identify cervical proteins associated with CC. However, several cervical carcinogenesis mechanisms are still unclear. Detecting pathologies in their earliest stages can significantly improve a patient’s survival rate, prognosis, and recurrence. The present review is an update on the proteomic study of CC.

ACS Style

Fátima Martínez-Rodríguez; Jared Limones-González; Brenda Mendoza-Almanza; Edgar Esparza-Ibarra; Perla Gallegos-Flores; Jorge Ayala-Luján; Susana Godina-González; Eva Salinas; Gretel Mendoza-Almanza. Understanding Cervical Cancer through Proteomics. Cells 2021, 10, 1854 .

AMA Style

Fátima Martínez-Rodríguez, Jared Limones-González, Brenda Mendoza-Almanza, Edgar Esparza-Ibarra, Perla Gallegos-Flores, Jorge Ayala-Luján, Susana Godina-González, Eva Salinas, Gretel Mendoza-Almanza. Understanding Cervical Cancer through Proteomics. Cells. 2021; 10 (8):1854.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fátima Martínez-Rodríguez; Jared Limones-González; Brenda Mendoza-Almanza; Edgar Esparza-Ibarra; Perla Gallegos-Flores; Jorge Ayala-Luján; Susana Godina-González; Eva Salinas; Gretel Mendoza-Almanza. 2021. "Understanding Cervical Cancer through Proteomics." Cells 10, no. 8: 1854.

Review
Published: 06 May 2020 in Toxins
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Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a ubiquitous bacterium in soils, insect cadavers, phylloplane, water, and stored grain, that produces several proteins, each one toxic to different biological targets such as insects, nematodes, mites, protozoa, and mammalian cells. Most Bt toxins identify their particular target through the recognition of specific cell membrane receptors. Cry proteins are the best-known toxins from Bt and a great amount of research has been published. Cry are cytotoxic to insect larvae that affect important crops recognizing specific cell membrane receptors such as cadherin, aminopeptidase-N, and alkaline phosphatase. Furthermore, some Cry toxins such as Cry4A, Cry4B, and Cry11A act synergistically with Cyt toxins against dipteran larvae vectors of human disease. Research developed with Cry proteins revealed that these toxins also could kill human cancer cells through the interaction with specific receptors. Parasporins are a small group of patented toxins that may or may not have insecticidal activity. These proteins could kill a wide variety of mammalian cancer cells by recognizing specific membrane receptors, just like Cry toxins do. Surface layer proteins (SLP), unlike the other proteins produced by Bt, are also produced by most bacteria and archaebacteria. It was recently demonstrated that SLP produced by Bt could interact with membrane receptors of insect and human cancer cells to kill them. Cyt toxins have a structure that is mostly unrelated to Cry toxins; thereby, other mechanisms of action have been reported to them. These toxins affect mainly mosquitoes that are vectors of human diseases like Anopheles spp (malaria), Aedes spp (dengue, zika, and chikungunya), and Culex spp (Nile fever and Rift Valley fever), respectively. In addition to the Cry, Cyt, and parasporins toxins produced during spore formation as inclusion bodies, Bt strains also produce Vip (Vegetative insecticidal toxins) and Sip (Secreted insecticidal proteins) toxins with insecticidal activity during their vegetative growth phase.

ACS Style

Gretel Mendoza-Almanza; Edgar L. Esparza-Ibarra; Jorge L. Ayala-Luján; Marisa Mercado-Reyes; Susana Godina-González; Marisa Hernández-Barrales; Jorge Olmos-Soto. The Cytocidal Spectrum of Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins: From Insects to Human Cancer Cells. Toxins 2020, 12, 301 .

AMA Style

Gretel Mendoza-Almanza, Edgar L. Esparza-Ibarra, Jorge L. Ayala-Luján, Marisa Mercado-Reyes, Susana Godina-González, Marisa Hernández-Barrales, Jorge Olmos-Soto. The Cytocidal Spectrum of Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins: From Insects to Human Cancer Cells. Toxins. 2020; 12 (5):301.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gretel Mendoza-Almanza; Edgar L. Esparza-Ibarra; Jorge L. Ayala-Luján; Marisa Mercado-Reyes; Susana Godina-González; Marisa Hernández-Barrales; Jorge Olmos-Soto. 2020. "The Cytocidal Spectrum of Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins: From Insects to Human Cancer Cells." Toxins 12, no. 5: 301.

Journal article
Published: 18 October 2019 in Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
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Background:Bacillus thuringiensis toxins are effective against multiple biological targets such as insects, nematodes, mites, protozoa, and importantly, human cancer cells. One of the main mechanisms by which Cry toxins to trigger cell death is the specific recognition of cadherin-like membrane cell receptors.Objective:This work aimed to assess the cytotoxicity of the Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis in HeLa, cervical cancer cell line, as well as their antitumor activity in mouse models.Methods:We analyzed several biological targets of Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac including erythrocytes, insect larvae, as well as cancer and non-cancer cell lines. The viability of HeLa, SiHa, MCF7 and HaCat cells was assessed by MTT 24 h after the administration of Cry toxins. We also studied apoptosis as a possible cytotoxicity mechanism in HeLa. The capacity of Cry toxins to eliminate tumors in xenograft mouse models was also analyzed.Results:Both toxins, Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac, showed specific cytotoxic activity in HeLa (HPV18+) cervical cancer cell line, with a Cry1Ab LC50 of 2.5 µg/ml, and of 0.5 µg/ml for Cry1Ac. Apoptosis was differentially induced in HeLa cells using the same concentration of Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac toxins. Cry1Ac eliminated 50% of the tumors at 10 µg/ml, and eliminate 100% of the tumors at 30 and 50 µg/ml.Conclusion:Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1A toxins show dual cytotoxic activity, in insects as well as in HeLa cancer cell line.

ACS Style

Gretel Mendoza-Almanza; Leticia Rocha-Zavaleta; Cecilia Aguilar-Zacarías; Jorge Ayala-Luján; Jorge Olmos. Cry1A Proteins are Cytotoxic to HeLa but not to SiHa Cervical Cancer Cells. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 2019, 20, 1018 -1027.

AMA Style

Gretel Mendoza-Almanza, Leticia Rocha-Zavaleta, Cecilia Aguilar-Zacarías, Jorge Ayala-Luján, Jorge Olmos. Cry1A Proteins are Cytotoxic to HeLa but not to SiHa Cervical Cancer Cells. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology. 2019; 20 (12):1018-1027.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gretel Mendoza-Almanza; Leticia Rocha-Zavaleta; Cecilia Aguilar-Zacarías; Jorge Ayala-Luján; Jorge Olmos. 2019. "Cry1A Proteins are Cytotoxic to HeLa but not to SiHa Cervical Cancer Cells." Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 20, no. 12: 1018-1027.

Review
Published: 06 August 2019 in Oncology Letters
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Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-associated mortalities in women from developing countries. Similar to other types of cancer, CC is considered to be a multifactorial disease, involving socioeconomic, cultural, immunological and epigenetic factors, as well as persistent human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. It has been well established that cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role in defining tumor size, the speed of development and the level of regression following treatment; therefore, CSCs are associated with a poor prognosis. CSCs have been detected in many types of cancer, including leukemia, pancreatic, colon, esophagus, liver, prostate, breast, gastric and lung cancer. In cervical cancer, CSCs have been associated with resistance to normally used drugs such as cisplatin. The present review summarizes the strategies that high-risk HPV viruses (HPV-16 and HPV-18) have developed to transform normal epithelial cells into cancer cells, as well as the cellular pathways and studies associated with the identification of cervical cancer stem cell biomarkers. In this sense, the present review provides state of the art information regarding CC development.

ACS Style

Gretel Mendoza; Leticia Rocha‑Zavaleta; Edgar Esparza‑Ibarra; Jorge Olmos. Cervical cancer stem cells and other leading factors associated with cervical cancer development (Review). Oncology Letters 2019, 18, 3423 -3432.

AMA Style

Gretel Mendoza, Leticia Rocha‑Zavaleta, Edgar Esparza‑Ibarra, Jorge Olmos. Cervical cancer stem cells and other leading factors associated with cervical cancer development (Review). Oncology Letters. 2019; 18 (4):3423-3432.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gretel Mendoza; Leticia Rocha‑Zavaleta; Edgar Esparza‑Ibarra; Jorge Olmos. 2019. "Cervical cancer stem cells and other leading factors associated with cervical cancer development (Review)." Oncology Letters 18, no. 4: 3423-3432.

Journal article
Published: 13 December 2018 in Scientific Reports
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The western corn rootworm (WCR) Diabrotica virgifera virgifera causes substantial damage in corn. Genetically modified (GM) plants expressing some Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal Cry proteins efficiently controlled this pest. However, changes in WCR susceptibility to these Bt traits have evolved and identification of insecticidal proteins with different modes of action against WCR is necessary. We show here for the first time that Cyt1Aa from Bt exhibits toxicity against WCR besides to the dipteran Aedes aegypti larvae. Cyt1Aa is a pore-forming toxin that shows no cross-resistance with mosquitocidal Cry toxins. We characterized different mutations in helix α-A from Cyt1Aa. Two mutants (A61C and A59C) exhibited reduced or absent hemolytic activity but retained toxicity to A. aegypti larvae, suggesting that insecticidal and hemolytic activities of Cyt1Aa are independent activities. These mutants were still able to form oligomers in synthetic lipid vesicles and to synergize Cry11Aa toxicity. Remarkably, mutant A61C showed a five-fold increase insecticidal activity against mosquito and almost 11-fold higher activity against WCR. Cyt1Aa A61C mutant was as potent in killing WCR that were selected for resistance to mCry3A as it was against unselected WCR indicating that this toxin could be a useful resistance management option in the control of WCR.

ACS Style

Alejandra Bravo; Jazmin A. López-Diaz; Takashi Yamamoto; Kathleen Harding; Jian-Zhou Zhao; Gretel Mendoza; Janette Onofre; Mary-Carmen Torres-Quintero; Mark E. Nelson; Gusui Wu; Amit Sethi; Mario Soberón. Susceptible and mCry3A resistant corn rootworm larvae killed by a non-hemolytic Bacillus thuringiensis Cyt1Aa mutant. Scientific Reports 2018, 8, 17805 .

AMA Style

Alejandra Bravo, Jazmin A. López-Diaz, Takashi Yamamoto, Kathleen Harding, Jian-Zhou Zhao, Gretel Mendoza, Janette Onofre, Mary-Carmen Torres-Quintero, Mark E. Nelson, Gusui Wu, Amit Sethi, Mario Soberón. Susceptible and mCry3A resistant corn rootworm larvae killed by a non-hemolytic Bacillus thuringiensis Cyt1Aa mutant. Scientific Reports. 2018; 8 (1):17805.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alejandra Bravo; Jazmin A. López-Diaz; Takashi Yamamoto; Kathleen Harding; Jian-Zhou Zhao; Gretel Mendoza; Janette Onofre; Mary-Carmen Torres-Quintero; Mark E. Nelson; Gusui Wu; Amit Sethi; Mario Soberón. 2018. "Susceptible and mCry3A resistant corn rootworm larvae killed by a non-hemolytic Bacillus thuringiensis Cyt1Aa mutant." Scientific Reports 8, no. 1: 17805.

Journal article
Published: 21 March 2018 in Scientific Reports
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The Cyt and Cry toxins are different pore-forming proteins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria, and used in insect-pests control. Cry-toxins have a complex mechanism involving interaction with several proteins in the insect gut such as aminopeptidase N (APN), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and cadherin (CAD). It was shown that the loop regions of domain II of Cry toxins participate in receptor binding. Cyt-toxins are dipteran specific and interact with membrane lipids. We show that Cry1Ab domain II loop3 is involved in binding to APN, ALP and CAD receptors since point mutation Cry1Ab-G439D affected binding to these proteins. We hypothesized that construction of Cyt1A-hybrid proteins providing a binding site that recognizes gut proteins in lepidopteran larvae could result in improved Cyt1Aa toxin toward lepidopteran larvae. We constructed hybrid Cyt1Aa-loop3 proteins with increased binding interaction to Manduca sexta receptors and increased toxicity against two Lepidopteran pests, M. sexta and Plutella xylostella. The hybrid Cyt1Aa-loop3 proteins were severely affected in mosquitocidal activity and showed partial hemolytic activity but retained their capacity to synergize Cry11Aa toxicity against mosquitos. Our data show that insect specificity of Cyt1Aa toxin can be modified by introduction of loop regions from another non-related toxin with different insect specificity.

ACS Style

Mary-Carmen Torres-Quintero; Isabel Gómez; Sabino Pacheco; Jorge Sánchez; Humberto Flores; Joel Osuna; Gretel Mendoza; Mario Soberón; Alejandra Bravo. Engineering Bacillus thuringiensis Cyt1Aa toxin specificity from dipteran to lepidopteran toxicity. Scientific Reports 2018, 8, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Mary-Carmen Torres-Quintero, Isabel Gómez, Sabino Pacheco, Jorge Sánchez, Humberto Flores, Joel Osuna, Gretel Mendoza, Mario Soberón, Alejandra Bravo. Engineering Bacillus thuringiensis Cyt1Aa toxin specificity from dipteran to lepidopteran toxicity. Scientific Reports. 2018; 8 (1):1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mary-Carmen Torres-Quintero; Isabel Gómez; Sabino Pacheco; Jorge Sánchez; Humberto Flores; Joel Osuna; Gretel Mendoza; Mario Soberón; Alejandra Bravo. 2018. "Engineering Bacillus thuringiensis Cyt1Aa toxin specificity from dipteran to lepidopteran toxicity." Scientific Reports 8, no. 1: 1-12.

Review
Published: 07 February 2018 in Experimental Lung Research
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Tuberculosis (TB) has been declared the first cause of death by an infectious agent. Annually, 10.4 million people suffer active TB. Most infected individuals live in low-income countries, where social and economic conditions enhance the dissemination and progression of the disease. These countries have a high percentage of smokers. Thousands of studies have linked cigarette smoke (CS) with increased risk of many diseases, such as cancer and lung diseases. Numerous in vitro studies have been conducted to evaluate the general and specific toxic effects of CS in lung immune function. Smoke exposure increases the risk of TB development three-fold. However, until now, only few animal studies have been performed to analyze the association between smoke and TB. In the present work, we review in vitro and in vivo studies whose aim was to analyze the molecular basis of TB susceptibility caused by exposure to CS.

ACS Style

Yamile Lopez Hernandez; Cesar Rivas-Santiago; Jesús Adrián López; Gretel Mendoza; Rogelio Hernández-Pando. Tuberculosis and cigarette smoke exposure: An update ofin vitroandin vivostudies. Experimental Lung Research 2018, 44, 113 -126.

AMA Style

Yamile Lopez Hernandez, Cesar Rivas-Santiago, Jesús Adrián López, Gretel Mendoza, Rogelio Hernández-Pando. Tuberculosis and cigarette smoke exposure: An update ofin vitroandin vivostudies. Experimental Lung Research. 2018; 44 (2):113-126.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yamile Lopez Hernandez; Cesar Rivas-Santiago; Jesús Adrián López; Gretel Mendoza; Rogelio Hernández-Pando. 2018. "Tuberculosis and cigarette smoke exposure: An update ofin vitroandin vivostudies." Experimental Lung Research 44, no. 2: 113-126.

Review article
Published: 05 January 2018 in International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries
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The association between tuberculosis (TB) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) has been recognized during centuries, and recently, a vast number of studies have evidenced their relationship. Uncontrolled diabetes and a poor glycemic control increase the risk for TB infection. Both diseases are considered chronic diseases; constituting important worldwide health problems. In Mexico, the prevalence of DM2 among TB patients varies, rising levels up to 36%. Several epidemiological studies have been conducted in the country and in the Border States, giving an estimate of the real situation of this comorbidity and in consequence, contributing to improve the diagnosis and follow-up of patients. In this review, we updated the research data on DM2 by means of observational and experimental studies conducted in Mexico in the last 17 years. Results show the continuous increase of TB-DM2 incidence and the need for the establishment of proper control methods acting over this dual axis.

ACS Style

Gretel Mendoza; Cesar Rivas-Santiago; Mariana Salgado-Bustamante; Y. López-Hernández. Diabetes and tuberculosis in Mexico: results from epidemiological studies. International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries 2018, 38, 146 -152.

AMA Style

Gretel Mendoza, Cesar Rivas-Santiago, Mariana Salgado-Bustamante, Y. López-Hernández. Diabetes and tuberculosis in Mexico: results from epidemiological studies. International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries. 2018; 38 (2):146-152.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gretel Mendoza; Cesar Rivas-Santiago; Mariana Salgado-Bustamante; Y. López-Hernández. 2018. "Diabetes and tuberculosis in Mexico: results from epidemiological studies." International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries 38, no. 2: 146-152.

Book chapter
Published: 05 June 2015 in The Comprehensive Sourcebook of Bacterial Protein Toxins
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Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) bacteria synthesize different insecticidal proteins named Cry, Vip, and Cyt that are able to kill different insect orders, or nematodes. These proteins have been extensively used in insect control practices in agriculture as sprays or expressed in genetically modified plants. This chapter reviews the mechanism of action of these Bt proteins. In addition, genetic engineering has proven to help in developing novel biotechnological applications of these toxins, such as Cry1AMod toxins, which are active against insects that have developed resistance to Cry toxins; and zymogen-like Vip2 proteins, which can be used to control specific insect pests. Overall, the great diversity of Bt toxins represents a broad opportunity to control the most important insect pests that affect different crops, as well as vectors of human diseases such as malaria and dengue, and to design strategies to manage the development of insect resistance to Bt toxins.

ACS Style

Alejandra Bravo; Diana L. Martínez de Castro; Jorge Sánchez; Pablo Emiliano Cantón; Gretel Mendoza; Isabel Gómez; Sabino Pacheco; Blanca I. García-Gómez; Janette Onofre; Josue Ocelotl; Mario Soberón. Mechanism of action of Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal toxins and their use in the control of insect pests. The Comprehensive Sourcebook of Bacterial Protein Toxins 2015, 858 -873.

AMA Style

Alejandra Bravo, Diana L. Martínez de Castro, Jorge Sánchez, Pablo Emiliano Cantón, Gretel Mendoza, Isabel Gómez, Sabino Pacheco, Blanca I. García-Gómez, Janette Onofre, Josue Ocelotl, Mario Soberón. Mechanism of action of Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal toxins and their use in the control of insect pests. The Comprehensive Sourcebook of Bacterial Protein Toxins. 2015; ():858-873.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alejandra Bravo; Diana L. Martínez de Castro; Jorge Sánchez; Pablo Emiliano Cantón; Gretel Mendoza; Isabel Gómez; Sabino Pacheco; Blanca I. García-Gómez; Janette Onofre; Josue Ocelotl; Mario Soberón. 2015. "Mechanism of action of Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal toxins and their use in the control of insect pests." The Comprehensive Sourcebook of Bacterial Protein Toxins , no. : 858-873.

Book chapter
Published: 05 May 2015 in Bt resistance: characterization and strategies for GM crops producing Bacillus thuringiensis toxins
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Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) produces insecticidal proteins that are active against different insect orders. In particular, the family of the three...

ACS Style

A. Bravo; I. Gómez; G. Mendoza; Meztlli Gaytán; M. Soberón. Different models of the mode of action of Bt 3d-Cry toxins. Bt resistance: characterization and strategies for GM crops producing Bacillus thuringiensis toxins 2015, 56 -68.

AMA Style

A. Bravo, I. Gómez, G. Mendoza, Meztlli Gaytán, M. Soberón. Different models of the mode of action of Bt 3d-Cry toxins. Bt resistance: characterization and strategies for GM crops producing Bacillus thuringiensis toxins. 2015; ():56-68.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. Bravo; I. Gómez; G. Mendoza; Meztlli Gaytán; M. Soberón. 2015. "Different models of the mode of action of Bt 3d-Cry toxins." Bt resistance: characterization and strategies for GM crops producing Bacillus thuringiensis toxins , no. : 56-68.

Journal article
Published: 22 October 2012 in Oncology Letters
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Her-2 gene amplification and its overexpression in breast cancer cells is directly associated with aggressive clinical behavior. The her-2 gene and its Her-2 protein have been utilized for disease diagnosis and as a predictive marker for treatment response to the antibody herceptin. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) are the most common FDA-approved methodologies involving gene and protein quantification, respectively. False positive or negative her-2/Her-2 patient results may result in inappropriate treatment administration. To support accurate quantification and interpretation of results, in this study we have standardized qPCR analysis using previously identified IHC samples, obtaining very significant and clinically useful results.

ACS Style

Gretel Mendoza; Amelia Portillo; Jorge Olmos-Soto. Accurate breast cancer diagnosis through real-time PCR her-2 gene quantification using immunohistochemically-identified biopsies. Oncology Letters 2012, 5, 295 -298.

AMA Style

Gretel Mendoza, Amelia Portillo, Jorge Olmos-Soto. Accurate breast cancer diagnosis through real-time PCR her-2 gene quantification using immunohistochemically-identified biopsies. Oncology Letters. 2012; 5 (1):295-298.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gretel Mendoza; Amelia Portillo; Jorge Olmos-Soto. 2012. "Accurate breast cancer diagnosis through real-time PCR her-2 gene quantification using immunohistochemically-identified biopsies." Oncology Letters 5, no. 1: 295-298.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2012 in International Microbiology
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Twenty eight Bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from the Tijuana-Ensenada region of northwestern Mexico were analyzed to determine the distribution of cry and cyt genes. Crystal production by the strains was examined by scanning electron microscopy, which showed the predominance of cubic crystals. Alkaline-dissolved and trypsin activated crystals were also analyzed by SDS-PAGE, yielding bands of 40-200 kDa. The cry1 and cry2 genes were molecularly characterized using general and newly designed specific primers in addition to other oligonucleotides (cry3, cry4, cry8, cry9, cry11, Nem, cry25, cry29 and cyt), resulting in the identification of novel gene combinations. The use of specific primers for cry1A, cry1B, cry1C, cry1D, cry1E, cry1F and cry2Aa, cry2Ab, cry2Ac, cry2Ad showed differences in the distribution of cry1 (36%), cry2 (71%), and cyt (40%) in strains from Tijuana-Ensenada compared to other previously studied regions. Bioassays were conducted on Manduca sexta larvae to analyze the Cry insecticidal capacity of the isolated strains. The hemolytic activity of the Cyt toxin from the same strains was assessed in human erythrocytes.

ACS Style

Gretel Mendoza; Amelia Portillo. New combinations of cry genes from Bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from northwestern Mexico. International Microbiology 2012, 15, 209 -216.

AMA Style

Gretel Mendoza, Amelia Portillo. New combinations of cry genes from Bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from northwestern Mexico. International Microbiology. 2012; 15 (15):209-216.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gretel Mendoza; Amelia Portillo. 2012. "New combinations of cry genes from Bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from northwestern Mexico." International Microbiology 15, no. 15: 209-216.