This study presents the microstructural and mechanical characterization of a 310 austenitic stainless steel sample manufactured using the Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) process. Optical and electron microscopy analyses revealed a predominantly austenitic matrix with the presence of finely distributed particles, identified as potential chromium-rich carbides. EDS mapping confirmed the homogeneous distribution of the main alloying elements (Fe, Cr, Si, and Mn), with no signs of severe segregation. However, nickel was not detected in the EDS mapping; nevertheless, an optical emission spectrometry test was performed, which revealed the presence of nickel in accordance with the AWS 5.9 standard. The Vickers microhardness test showed average values between 193 and 201 HV, with slight variations across the indentations, indicating a solid and mechanically stable structure. These results suggest that the WAAM process, when properly controlled, is capable of producing 310 stainless steel components with good chemical uniformity, microstructural stability, and consistent mechanical properties. The application of this technology is promising for the manufacture of medium and large-scale parts intended for high-temperature environments, where oxidation resistance and thermal stability are critical requirements

Wire Laser Additive Manufacturing (WLAM) has emerged as a promising alternative for the fabrication and repair of components subjected to severe wear conditions due to its high deposition rate, efficient material utilization, and localized thermal control. In this study, the WLAM process using DUR600 wire as the feedstock material for the deposition of abrasion-resistant coatings was investigated. The deposited specimens were characterized by optical emission spectroscopy (OES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), Vickers microhardness testing, and dry sand/rubber wheel abrasion testing in accordance with ASTM G65. The deposits exhibited a predominantly martensitic microstructure with retained austenite, as confirmed by XRD. Hardness values ranged from 749 to 817 HV, with an average of 783 ± 18 HV, while the average volumetric loss in the abrasive wear test was 150.26 mm³. This behavior was attributed to the presence of the martensitic matrix and retained austenite, whose combined effect directly influences the tribological performance of WLAM coatings produced using DUR600 wire.

Abrasive wear represents one of the primary failure factors in industrial components, reducing the service life of machinery and tools. In situations involving a combination of surface abrasion and impact stresses, surface treatments capable of hardening the outer region without compromising core toughness are required. Carburizing is widely used in this context, with SAE 8620 steel being one of the reference alloys, although it presents low availability in plate form in the domestic market. This study investigated the use of ASTM A-36 steel as an alternative, applying a martensitic stainless steel coating via welding, followed by carburizing. Microhardness tests, rubber wheel abrasive wear tests, and metallographic analyses were conducted. The results showed that carburizing was effective in the weld material, promoting significant microstructural modifications. The welded and carburized specimen exhibited superior performance compared to SAE 8620, demonstrating the feasibility of using ASTM A-36 as a replacement, with the potential to extend the service life of large-scale parts exposed to abrasive wear