Background: Perineurally adding dexamethasone to local anesthetics could enable postoperative analgesia. Our aim was to investigate the efficacy of 4 mg dexamethasone and 0.5% ropivacaine on the prolonged duration of mandibular anesthesia for postoperative analgesia during third molar surgery. Materials and method: The patients of both sexes, and in the age range of 17 to 50 yrs of age, received the Gow-Gates anesthesia. Group I received 4 mL of plain 0.5% ropivacaine, with perineurally added 1 mL/4 mg of dexamethasone; group II received 4 mL of plain 0.5% ropivacaine with perineurally added 1 mL of 0.9% saline; group III received 4 mL of plain 0.5 bupivacaine with perineurally added 1 mL of 0.9% saline. The prime anesthesia outcome was the duration of conduction anesthesia (DCA); the secondary outcome was the duration of analgesia (DAN) and analgesia before analgesic intake. Results: In 45 randomly selected subjects (mean age 27.06 ± 8.20), DCA was statistically longest in group I (n = 15) (592.50 ± 161.75 min, p = 0.001), collated with groups II (n = 15) and III (n = 15) (307.40 ± 84.71 and 367.07 ± 170.52 min, respectively). DAN was significantly the longest in group I (mean: 654.9 ± 198.4 min, p = 0.001), compared with group II (345.4 ± 88.0 min) and group III (413.7 ± 152.3 min), with insignificant adverse reactions. One-third of the operated patients absented from the use of analgesics. Conclusion: A amount 0.5% ropivacaine with dexamethasone usefully served as an analgesic with a success rate of 93.4% of the given anesthesia.

Background and Objectives: According to the modified Williams theory, the shape of the maxillary central incisor corresponds to the shape of the maxillary alveolar ridge (dental arch) and the shape of the face. Moreover, the standards of beauty suggest that the center of the face of an individual with a full set of teeth should match the center of the maxillary and mandibular dental arches. The purpose of this study is to conduct a comparative cross-sectional study on the matching of the shape of the face, maxillary central incisor and maxillary dental arch as well as the matching of the midfacial line and dental arches in subjects with complete dentition. Materials and Methods: The study included 90 subjects of both sexes. The matching of the shape of the face and midfacial line, i.e., dental arches and maxillary incisors, was determined by analysing photographs, whereas the shape of the dental arch was determined by analysing plaster models. Results: No significant gender-related differences were found either in the shape of the maxillary central incisor that matched the shape of the maxillary dental arch (p = 0.349) or in the shape of the dental arch that matched the shape of the face (p = 0.697). However, a significant difference was noted in the shape of the teeth that matched the shape of the face (p = 0.043), which was more significantly impaired in men. In addition, the matching of the mid-face and the mid-dental arch was significantly greater in women (p = 0.016). Conclusions: The modified Williams theory was confirmed in most subjects, thus it can be considered a relevant guideline when determining the shape of teeth after their loss. The highest percentage of matching in both sexes was with the shape of the face and dental arch. There was no positive correlation between the middle of the maxillary and mandibular dental arch in most cases.

Effects of Herpesviruses on Proinflammatory Cytokines in Chronic Periapical Lesions - Article abstract #946843

Introduction: Permanent tooth avulsions (traumatic extraction; total luxation) are one ofthe most severe permanent tooth injuries and can occur as single injuries or associated with other dental injuries or injuries to the face and jaws region. They are defined as the luxation of teeth from the alveoli with complete rupture of periodontal fibres, or with one part attached to the rootcementum and the other to the alveolar bone, thus compromising the dental pulp, root cementum,and alveolar bone. The high prevalence and numerous negative consequences on the stomatognathic systems they have suggest permanent tooth avulsions should be regarded as an important public health problem. The aim: is to point out the therapeutic possibilities of permanent tooth avulsion that can ensure their longer survival in the oral cavity. Conclusion: The treatment strategy for avulsed permanent teeth is always based on limiting root canal infection and periradicular inflammation, shifting the balance from unfavourable (replacement resorption) to favourable (periodontal) healing. The success of therapy and periodontal healing depend on the duration and conditions of extraoral tooth preservation, the degree of damage to the periodontal ligament, and the condition of the pulp.

Introduction: Anterior Middle Superior Anesthesia (AMSA) is considered a conductive technique for the first five maxillary teeth (from central incisors to the second premolar). This alternative anesthesia is considered a supplementary technique targeting the subneural dental plexus located near the root apices of the premolars. The study aimed to determine whether AMSA anesthesia technique can serve as a primary and independent method for extracting of the first five upper jaw teeth (incisors, canines, and premolars). Materials and methods: The study included 24 healthy patients allocated in the group I (received 4% articaine with adrenaline) and the group II (received lidocaine with adrenaline). The patients had avital maxillary teeth (from incisors to premolars). AMSA technique was used as primary anesthesia for extraction. The monitored anesthesia parameters included: pain perception during the application of anesthesia and the surgical procedure, overall success of anesthesia, onset time, and duration of anesthesia and post extraction complications. Results: The duration of anesthesia was 52±17,10 min in the first group, while it was 40,25±7,629 min (p=0,044). The level of pain during the extraction was 3,42± 1,73in the first group, while it was 5,25±2,41 in the second, with statistically significant difference between groups (p=0,046). The need for additional anesthesia was 2 (16,66%), in the first and 5 (41,66%). in the second group. Conclusion: The AMSA technique has demonstrated high efficacy for simple extractions when articaine is used; it shows less anesthetic efficacy when lidocaine is used. The AMSA anesthesia technique with articaine may be considered a primary local anesthesia technique for the extraction of the first five maxillary teeth when they are not vital.

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), as the most commonly used irrigant solution, offers strong antibacterial and organic tissue dissolving properties and has the potential to express a strong corrosive effect. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of NaOCl on corrosion behavior and cyclic fatigue in five different types of NiTi rotary endodontic instruments. The study examined: ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Next, Twisted File, HyFlex CM, and BioRace, each with 24 samples. Each group was divided into a control subgroup and a subgroup exposed to electrochemical testing of corrosion in 5.25% NaOCl. All instruments were exposed to a cyclic fatigue test in artificial canals with a curvature angle of 60 degrees and radius of 2 mm. The corrosion potential of NaOCl was determined in all groups of instruments. ProTaper Universal had a significantly lower corrosion resistance than ProTaper Next (p < 0.05), Twisted File, BioRace, and HyFlex CM (p < 0.001). HyFlex CM showed significantly higher resistance to cyclic fatigue compared to all the other groups of instruments (p < 0.001). Surface corrosion reduced cyclic fatigue resistance in most of the instrument groups, except in heat-treated instruments with controlled memory. HyFlex CM has proven to have the highest resistance to corrosion and cyclic fatigue.