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This work aims to develop a wave propagation-based analytical solution that can be effectively used for calculating the mechanical responses of transversely isotropic viscoelastic multi-layered asphalt pavement subjected to moving harmonic load. The material property can be considered transversely isotropic viscoelastic during the analytical solving. The interlayer conditions with different bonding levels are described by the Goodman model. The moving harmonic load is exerted on the surface of the multi-layered medium. The detailed implementation of the mathematical derivation (i.e., integral transforms, formulation of up-coming and down-going wave vectors) and the numerical program for the mechanical responses are presented. The proposed analytical solution is verified by finite element simulation and exhibits computational efficiency and accuracy. In addition, the effects of the load and material parameters on the mechanical responses of the multi-layered medium are investigated. Furthermore, the proposed analytical solution is extended to the study of tire–pavement interaction under random unevenness, and the random mechanical responses of the pavement under moving load with random amplitudes are obtained. In conclusion, the proposed analytical solution can be used as an effective tool for asphalt pavement design and analysis with consideration of the realistic load and material parameters.
Xianyong Ma; Weiwen Quan; Chundi Si; Zejiao Dong; Yongkang Dong. Analytical solution for the mechanical responses of transversely isotropic viscoelastic multi-layered asphalt pavement subjected to moving harmonic load. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 2021, 147, 106822 .
AMA StyleXianyong Ma, Weiwen Quan, Chundi Si, Zejiao Dong, Yongkang Dong. Analytical solution for the mechanical responses of transversely isotropic viscoelastic multi-layered asphalt pavement subjected to moving harmonic load. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. 2021; 147 ():106822.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXianyong Ma; Weiwen Quan; Chundi Si; Zejiao Dong; Yongkang Dong. 2021. "Analytical solution for the mechanical responses of transversely isotropic viscoelastic multi-layered asphalt pavement subjected to moving harmonic load." Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 147, no. : 106822.
As asphalt materials are exposed to very high temperatures before construction, such as in the transportation stage or the storage stage, short-term aging of asphalt material occurs. At these stages, diffusion or blending between RAP (reclaimed asphalt pavement) binder and virgin binder may occur. In this study, recycled blends, incorporating SBS modified binder, RAP binder and recycling agents, were prepared with incremental RAP binders of up to 40%, and RTFO (Rolling Thin-Film Oven) tests in condition times of 300 and 600 min were conducted on the recycled blends. Characterization tests included ΔTcr , complex modulus master curve, a G-R (Glover-Rowe) parameter on recycled blends, and dynamic modulus, fracture test, and midpoint bending fatigue tests on mixtures. The ΔTcr and the G-R parameter results showed that aging time significantly affected the cracking resistance of the recycled blends. Compared to the virgin SBS modified asphalt binder, the recycled blends tended to be more sensitive to the aging process. The complex modulus master curve of binders and the dynamic modulus and phase angle results of mixtures show that the binder/mixtures appear to be stiffer with an increase in the RAP binder dosage. Generally, the low temperature cracking and fatigue cracking resistance of virgin mixtures is better than that of RAP mixtures, especially for high RAP binder dosage mixtures, and longer aging times have a negative impact on the cracking resistance of mixture. However, when we extend RTFO aging time, the higher dosage of RAP mixtures show better cracking resistance than the lower dosage of RAP mixtures. The reason for this could be that the chemical process may occur between the virgin SBS modified asphalt binder and the RAP binder at high temperatures.
Yuefeng Zhu; Jiawei Zhang; Chundi Si; Tao Yan; Yanwei Li. Laboratory Evaluation on Performance of Recycled Asphalt Binder and Mixtures under Short-Term Aging Conditions. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3404 .
AMA StyleYuefeng Zhu, Jiawei Zhang, Chundi Si, Tao Yan, Yanwei Li. Laboratory Evaluation on Performance of Recycled Asphalt Binder and Mixtures under Short-Term Aging Conditions. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (6):3404.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYuefeng Zhu; Jiawei Zhang; Chundi Si; Tao Yan; Yanwei Li. 2021. "Laboratory Evaluation on Performance of Recycled Asphalt Binder and Mixtures under Short-Term Aging Conditions." Sustainability 13, no. 6: 3404.
In recent years, the significant demand for sustainable paving materials has led to a rapid increase in the utilization of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) materials. When RAP is mixed with virgin asphalt concrete, particularly when its percentage is high, performance of the binder and asphalt concrete can be adversely affected. For this reason, different types of additives need to be identified and evaluated beforehand to mitigate the adverse effects. In this study, different types of fiber materials were identified and selected as binder/mixture additives, including lignin fiber (LF), polyester fiber (PF), and basalt fiber (BF). Various samples of fiber-modified binders and asphalt mixtures with different RAP contents (0%, 20%, and 40%) were prepared and were evaluated using two sets of laboratory testing: (i) dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and bending beam rheometer (BBR) tests were performed to study the rheological properties of fiber-modified binders; (ii) the wheel tracking test, bending creep test, moisture susceptibility test, fatigue test, and self-healing fatigue test were conducted to characterize the laboratory properties of fiber-modified RAP mixtures. Test results for the modified binders show that the BF-modified binder has the greatest positive effect on the high-temperature performance of the asphalt binder, followed by PF- and LF-modified binders. However, the virgin asphalt shows the best low-temperature property than the fiber-modified asphalt binder. Test results for the whole RAP mixtures show that all fibers have a significant effect on the properties (including high- and low-temperature stability, moisture susceptibility, fatigue, and self-healing ability) of RAP mixtures. Among them, adding BF shows the greatest improvement in high-temperature stability, fatigue resistance, and self-healing ability of RAP mixtures. LF is found to significantly enhance low-temperature properties, and PF can greatly improve the resistance to moisture damage of RAP mixtures. For high percentage of RAP using on sites, adding multiple additives may further enhance its durability.
Yuefeng Zhu; Yanwei Li; Chundi Si; Xiaote Shi; Yaning Qiao; Haoran Li. Laboratory Evaluation on Performance of Fiber-Modified Asphalt Mixtures Containing High Percentage of RAP. Advances in Civil Engineering 2020, 2020, 1 -9.
AMA StyleYuefeng Zhu, Yanwei Li, Chundi Si, Xiaote Shi, Yaning Qiao, Haoran Li. Laboratory Evaluation on Performance of Fiber-Modified Asphalt Mixtures Containing High Percentage of RAP. Advances in Civil Engineering. 2020; 2020 ():1-9.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYuefeng Zhu; Yanwei Li; Chundi Si; Xiaote Shi; Yaning Qiao; Haoran Li. 2020. "Laboratory Evaluation on Performance of Fiber-Modified Asphalt Mixtures Containing High Percentage of RAP." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020, no. : 1-9.
It is well-accepted that the ionic copolymer poly (ethylene-co-methacrylic) acid (also named EMAA) is one type of self-healing material. This particular capability has great potential for extending the service life of infrastructures. In order to improve the rheological, mechanical, and self-healing properties of asphalt binder and asphalt mixtures, EMAA and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) were selected as the additives. In this study, the effects of EMAA and SBR on the performance of bitumen and asphalt mixtures were examined and characterized using various parameters including rheological indices, Glover–Rowe parameter, ductility self-healing rate, fluorescence microscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) test on binders, and different testing methods such as complex modulus, thermal stress-restrained specimen test (TSRST), disk-shaped compact tension (DCT), and fatigue–healing–fatigue test on the mixtures. The results showed that EMAA can significantly improve the stiffness and self-healing capacity of virgin and SBR modified binders and mixtures. Moreover, the cracking resistance of EMAA/SBR compound modified binder and mixture showed a significant improvement. However, EMAA is not recommended to be added as a modifier to virgin binders and mixtures due to its poor cracking resistance. Some novel tests and parameters mentioned in this paper are recommended for characterizing binders and mixtures in the future.
Yuefeng Zhu; Reyhaneh Rahbar-Rastegar; Yanwei Li; Yaning Qiao; Chundi Si. Exploring the Possibility of Using Ionic Copolymer Poly (Ethylene-co-Methacrylic) Acid as Modifier and Self-Healing Agent in Asphalt Binder and Mixture. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 426 .
AMA StyleYuefeng Zhu, Reyhaneh Rahbar-Rastegar, Yanwei Li, Yaning Qiao, Chundi Si. Exploring the Possibility of Using Ionic Copolymer Poly (Ethylene-co-Methacrylic) Acid as Modifier and Self-Healing Agent in Asphalt Binder and Mixture. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (2):426.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYuefeng Zhu; Reyhaneh Rahbar-Rastegar; Yanwei Li; Yaning Qiao; Chundi Si. 2020. "Exploring the Possibility of Using Ionic Copolymer Poly (Ethylene-co-Methacrylic) Acid as Modifier and Self-Healing Agent in Asphalt Binder and Mixture." Applied Sciences 10, no. 2: 426.
In order to systematically study the rutting resistance performance of High-Modulus Asphalt Concrete (HMAC) pavements, a finite element method model of HMAC pavement was established using ABAQUS software. Based on the viscoelasticity theory of asphalt, the stress and deformation distribution characteristics of HMAC pavement were studied and compared to conventional asphalt pavement under moving loads. Then, the pavement temperature field model was established to study the temperature variation and the thermal stress in HMAC pavement. Finally, under the condition of continuous temperature variation, the creep behavior and permanent deformation of HMAC pavement were investigated. The results showed that under the action of moving loads, the strain and displacement generated in HMAC pavement were lower than those in conventional asphalt pavement. The upper surface layer was most obviously affected by outside air temperature, resulting in maximum thermal stress. Lastly, under the condition of continuous temperature change, HMAC pavement could greatly reduce the deformation of asphalt material in each surface layer compared to conventional asphalt pavement.
Chundi Si; Hang Cao; Enli Chen; Zhanping You; Ruilan Tian; Ran Zhang; Junfeng Gao. Dynamic Response Analysis of Rutting Resistance Performance of High Modulus Asphalt Concrete Pavement. Applied Sciences 2018, 8, 2701 .
AMA StyleChundi Si, Hang Cao, Enli Chen, Zhanping You, Ruilan Tian, Ran Zhang, Junfeng Gao. Dynamic Response Analysis of Rutting Resistance Performance of High Modulus Asphalt Concrete Pavement. Applied Sciences. 2018; 8 (12):2701.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChundi Si; Hang Cao; Enli Chen; Zhanping You; Ruilan Tian; Ran Zhang; Junfeng Gao. 2018. "Dynamic Response Analysis of Rutting Resistance Performance of High Modulus Asphalt Concrete Pavement." Applied Sciences 8, no. 12: 2701.
Recycling technology has been widely applied on road pavement due to the aging problem of asphalt binder and the extensive requirement for maintenance. The aim of this research is to use bio-oil generated from sawdust as a rejuvenator to recycle aged asphalt. In this research, the performance graded asphalts PG 58-28 and PG 64-22 were selected as the base binders. The bio-oil contents were 10%, 15% and 20% of the total binder by weight. The Rotational Viscometer (RV) test, Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) test, and Asphalt Binder Cracking Device (ABCD) test were applied to characterize the properties of bio-rejuvenated asphalts and virgin control asphalts. Additionally, the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) test was conducted to characterize the degree of restoration of aged asphalt binders from the aspect of functional groups. It was found that the bio-rejuvenator decreases the viscosity and activation energy, while increasing the temperature susceptibility and the content of viscous components of the aged asphalts. The aged asphalt can be softened by the bio-rejuvenator significantly; with the use of bio-rejuvenator, the rutting index of aged asphalts PAV PG 58-28 and PAV PG 64-22 at high temperatures from 52 °C to 76 °C was decreased by 75.5% and 77.2% in average, respectively. The bio-oil can restore the low temperature crack resistance of aged asphalts PAV PG 58-28 and PAV PG 64-22 to, or even better than, the level of virgin asphalts. The sulfoxide (SO) index and aromatic (CC) index can be used to evaluate the degree of restoration using bio-rejuvenator to recycle aged asphalt, but carbonyl (CO) is not applicable. Therefore, the bio-oil generated from sawdust can be used as a rejuvenator to recycle the aged asphalts PAV PG 58-28 and PAV PG 64-22. Moreover, the bio-rejuvenator contents of 15% and 20% are recommended to recycle the aged asphalt PAV PG 58-28 and aged asphalt PAV PG 64-22, respectively.
Ran Zhang; Zhanping You; Hainian Wang; Mingxiao Ye; Yoke Khin Yap; Chundi Si. The impact of bio-oil as rejuvenator for aged asphalt binder. Construction and Building Materials 2018, 196, 134 -143.
AMA StyleRan Zhang, Zhanping You, Hainian Wang, Mingxiao Ye, Yoke Khin Yap, Chundi Si. The impact of bio-oil as rejuvenator for aged asphalt binder. Construction and Building Materials. 2018; 196 ():134-143.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRan Zhang; Zhanping You; Hainian Wang; Mingxiao Ye; Yoke Khin Yap; Chundi Si. 2018. "The impact of bio-oil as rejuvenator for aged asphalt binder." Construction and Building Materials 196, no. : 134-143.
The objective of this study is to investigate the possibility of using bio-oil derived from waste wood as a rejuvenator to recycle aged asphalt binders. In this study, petroleum asphalt of PG58-28 was selected as the base binder. The bio-oil rejuvenators with concentrations of 10%, 15% and 20% by weight were added into the Pressure Aging Vessel (PAV) aged base binder to prepare the bio-rejuvenated asphalts. Through the chemical compounds analysis of the bio-oil using the Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer (GC–MS) test, it can be found that the bio-oil derived from waste wood contains a high content of light compounds, including phenol, naphthalene, diethyl phthalate and so on. The rheological properties of bio-rejuvenated asphalts were evaluated and compared with the virgin and aged asphalts by Rotational Viscometer (RV), Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) and Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) tests. The bio-rejuvenator can increase the viscous components and alleviate the stiffness of the aged asphalt binder. The high content of light compounds in the bio-oil balanced the chemical compounds of the aged asphalt. As a result, the rutting resistance and fatigue resistance of the aged asphalt binder were restored by the bio-oil significantly. The low temperature crack resistance of aged asphalt binder can be restored to approximately to that of the PG 58-28 by the bio-rejuvenator with the concentration of 15% and 20%. The bio-oil concentration had less impact on the rheological properties of bio-rejuvenated asphalts when the bio-oil concentration was higher than 15%. Therefore, the bio-oil with a concentration of 15% was recommended to rejuvenate the aged asphalt binder to be reused in the construction of pavement.
Ran Zhang; Zhanping You; Hainian Wang; Xi Chen; Chundi Si; Chao Peng. Using bio-based rejuvenator derived from waste wood to recycle old asphalt. Construction and Building Materials 2018, 189, 568 -575.
AMA StyleRan Zhang, Zhanping You, Hainian Wang, Xi Chen, Chundi Si, Chao Peng. Using bio-based rejuvenator derived from waste wood to recycle old asphalt. Construction and Building Materials. 2018; 189 ():568-575.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRan Zhang; Zhanping You; Hainian Wang; Xi Chen; Chundi Si; Chao Peng. 2018. "Using bio-based rejuvenator derived from waste wood to recycle old asphalt." Construction and Building Materials 189, no. : 568-575.