Purpose In developing countries, health and safety is not given importance especially in small and medium sized enterprises. Incidences of health and safety are continuously increasing. Major reason is lack of work place safety culture. Secondly, enterprises lack resources, therefore, it becomes hard for them to provide safety climate. Along with safety climate and safety culture behavior of leadership play a significant role towards safety performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the moderating role of leadership for gaining safety performance through safety culture and safety climate. Materials and Methods For the said purpose the authors collected data from the labors and managers. A structured questionnaire was adopted and after ensuring the reliability structural equation modeling was applied. Results and Conclusions The findings revealed that safety culture and safety climate both have a significant impact over safety performance, however, transformational leadership only moderates the relationship between safety culture and safety performance. The identification of moderating role of transformational leadership is a significant contribution in the social cognitive theory. Future researchers are also guided to identify the same link over large industries of developing countries.

The ultimate goal of healthcare systems is to offer care and the right treatment to patients. To achieve it, Pharmaceutical Supply Chain (PSC) in the healthcare system needs to be effective and efficient. This study aims to investigate the role of inventory level control and demand forecasting on PSC performance of hospital pharmacies. Data was collected from 171 respondents working in private hospitals in Bahrain using a survey questionnaire and was analyzed using a structural equation modeling approach. The study found a significant positive relationship between inventory level Control and PSC performance. Similarly, the relationship between demand forecasting and PSC performance was positive and significant. This research has implications for practice, including assisting hospital pharmacies to find the best practices to manage the pharmaceutical inventory and understanding the impact of inventory control and demand forecasting in PSC performance to ensure zero stockouts and withstand fluctuations in demand and supply. The results of the study can prove to be beneficial to hospitals and healthcare providers in establishing an appropriate PSC system and making better decisions in medicine supply.

It is important for management to make its employees fully satisfied at work by reducing emotional exhaustion and increasing their involvement. Today the majority of companies strive to improve their employees’ performance by providing them with all the facilities they need to maintain their physical and psychological well-being and thereby enhance their effectiveness. Therefore, the current study aims to examine whether job involvement mediates the relationship between emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction among financial sector employees. An analysis of 200 responses from financial sector employees was conducted using a survey. To gather information, a set of tools including emotional exhaustion, job satisfaction, job involvement and biographical information from bank employees were used. A structural equation model was used to analyze the relationships. The results showed a positive correlation between emotional exhaustion and job involvement between emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction and between job involvement and job satisfaction. Thus, it is observed that job involvement mediates and has a significant impact on job satisfaction. The current findings have their own significance for social scientists and managers since they provide a framework for designing work arrangements in a way to prevent emotional exhaustion while increasing employees’ level of job involvement and job satisfaction. The study concludes with a discussion of limitations and suggestions for future research.

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of the five dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation (EO): innovativeness, autonomy, risk-taking, proactiveness, and competitive aggressiveness on the business performance of retail pharmacies. Methodology: This study used a quantitative research approach. The data from 136 pharmacists operating in different retail pharmacies in the Kingdom of Bahrain were collected through a structured questionnaire. Multiple regression was applied to test the five hypotheses that were developed based on the literature review by using SPSS. Main Findings: The study found that there is a significant positive association between pharmacy business performance and two dimensions of EO: innovativeness and risk-taking. However, autonomy, proactiveness, and competitive aggressiveness have no significant association with the business performance of retail pharmacies in Bahrain. Yet, the findings showed that not all EO dimensions have a significant relationship with business performance; therefore, the study suggested that retail pharmacies must be careful while executing EO. Applications of this study: The findings of this study is anticipated to help retail pharmacies to develop their business, as it may offer significant insight and empirical evidence for pharmacy owners or decision-makers to adopt entrepreneurial orientation in order to achieve superior performance and growth in their businesses. Novelty/Originality of the Study: This study contributes to the entrepreneurial orientation literature in the retail pharmacy sector. The findings of this study show that the entrepreneurs in the retail pharmacy sector need to focus merely on two dimensions of EO (Innovativeness and risk-taking) to yield better performance. Moreover, this study is one of the limited studies that provide empirical support for the influence of EO on the retail pharmacy industry. This is a pioneering empirical study to examine the influence of relevant dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation on the business performance of retail pharmacies in the gulf countries and the Kingdom of Bahrain in particular.

Corporate University can be defined as the educational entity which also acts as a tactical tool designed for assisting its parent organization for achieving desired objectives while conducting different activities that help in encouraging individual as well as organizational knowledge and learning (Moore 1997, p.77). Corporate Universities are also referred as the public universities which have been developed by the states for developing the corporate style behavior (Homan & Macpherson 2015, p.75). Corporate University limits the scope of generating job-specific, indeed business-specific, training of the managerial personnel of the parent organization (Buchbinder & Newson 1990, p.355). The main goal of the corporate university is to bring a unified culture, loyalty, as well as a sort of belongingness into the company and also to remain competitive at the same time. The study will try to explain how CU can become a reliable decision-making model in terms of marketing management strategies. The main purpose of this study is to discuss the need for corporate universities in the present businesses to remain competitive in the market. Human Resource Management (HRM) has been experiencing several transformations over the years. The attention has changed from different administrative management tasks to become a strategic partner in the overall organizational strategy with essential provision from the information technologies progress in the field of knowledge area. The research aims to address how marketing decisions and human resource models can help businesses to gain competitive advantage.