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Valentina E. Balas is Professor in the Faculty of Engineering, “Aurel Vlaicu” University of Arad, Romania. She holds a Ph.D. in Applied Electronics and Telecommunications from Polytechnic University of Timisoara. Dr. Balas is author of more than 350 research papers in refereed journals and International Conferences. Her research interests are in Intelligent Systems, Fuzzy Control, Soft Computing, Smart Sensors, Information Fusion, Modeling and Simulation. She is the Editor-in Chief to International Journal of Advanced Intelligence Paradigms (IJAIP) and to International Journal of Computational Systems Engineering (IJCSysE), member in Editorial Board, member of several national and international journals and is evaluator expert for national, international projects and PhD Thesis. Dr. Balas is the director of Intelligent Systems Research Centre in Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad and Director of the Department of International Relations in the same university. She served as General Chair of the International Workshop Soft Computing and Applications (SOFA) in eight editions 2005-2020. She is a member of EUSFLAT, SIAM and a Senior Member IEEE, member in some TC. Dr. Balas was past Vice-president (Awards) of IFSA International Fuzzy Systems Association Council (2013-2015), is a Joint Secretary of the Governing Council of Forum for Interdisciplinary Mathematics (FIM), India and recipient of the "Tudor Tanasescu" Prize from the Romanian Academy (2019).
Muhammad Usman Asad; Jason Gu; Umar Farooq; Valentina E. Balas; Zheng Chen; Chunqi Chang; Athar Hanif. A Composite State Convergence Scheme for Multilateral Teleoperation Systems. Studies in Informatics and Control 2021, 30, 33 -42.
AMA StyleMuhammad Usman Asad, Jason Gu, Umar Farooq, Valentina E. Balas, Zheng Chen, Chunqi Chang, Athar Hanif. A Composite State Convergence Scheme for Multilateral Teleoperation Systems. Studies in Informatics and Control. 2021; 30 (2):33-42.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Usman Asad; Jason Gu; Umar Farooq; Valentina E. Balas; Zheng Chen; Chunqi Chang; Athar Hanif. 2021. "A Composite State Convergence Scheme for Multilateral Teleoperation Systems." Studies in Informatics and Control 30, no. 2: 33-42.
Artificial intelligence (AI) has played a significant role in image analysis and feature extraction, applied to detect and diagnose a wide range of chest-related diseases. Although several researchers have used current state-of-the-art approaches and have produced impressive chest-related clinical outcomes, specific techniques may not contribute many advantages if one type of disease is detected without the rest being identified. Those who tried to identify multiple chest-related diseases were ineffective due to insufficient data and the available data not being balanced. This research provides a significant contribution to the healthcare industry and the research community by proposing a synthetic data augmentation in three deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) architectures for the detection of 14 chest-related diseases. The employed models are DenseNet121, InceptionResNetV2, and ResNet152V2; after training and validation, an average ROC-AUC score of 0.80 was obtained competitive as compared to the previous models that were trained for multi-class classification to detect anomalies in x-ray images. This research illustrates how the proposed model practices state-of-the-art deep neural networks to classify 14 chest-related diseases with better accuracy.
Saleh Albahli; Hafiz Tayyab Rauf; Abdulelah Algosaibi; Valentina Emilia Balas. AI-driven deep CNN approach for multi-label pathology classification using chest X-Rays. PeerJ Computer Science 2021, 7, e495 .
AMA StyleSaleh Albahli, Hafiz Tayyab Rauf, Abdulelah Algosaibi, Valentina Emilia Balas. AI-driven deep CNN approach for multi-label pathology classification using chest X-Rays. PeerJ Computer Science. 2021; 7 ():e495.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaleh Albahli; Hafiz Tayyab Rauf; Abdulelah Algosaibi; Valentina Emilia Balas. 2021. "AI-driven deep CNN approach for multi-label pathology classification using chest X-Rays." PeerJ Computer Science 7, no. : e495.
In this work, a novel fuzzy decision making technique namely trapezoidal fuzzy Best-Worst method (fuzzy BWM) is developed which is based on Best-Worst method (BWM) and Trapezoidal fuzzy number. The real motive behind our work is to take a broad view of the existing fuzzy BWM based on triangular fuzzy number by trapezoidal fuzzy number. Also, we have presented a new hybrid MCDM technique called as Trapezoidal fuzzy Best Worst Analytic Hierarchy based on proposed trapezoidal fuzzy BWM and existing trapezoidal fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). BWM approach is employed in evaluating the PV of considering criteria and trapezoidal fuzzy AHP is used to assess the local priority vale (PV) of considering alternatives (or indicators) of a decision problem. Moreover it used to identify the most significant alternative which is responsible for performance efficiency of a hydro power plant under climatic scenario. From the result, it is undoubtedly found that hydraulic had is most responsible indicator. Further, the CR (consistency ratio) value which is determined by our proposed trapezoidal fuzzy BWM is less than that of existing BWM and fuzzy BWM techniques. Finally, we have validated our result by comparative study, scenario analysis and sensitivity analysis.
Priyanka Majumder; Valentina Emilia Balas; Arnab Paul; Dayarnab Baidya. Application of improved fuzzy best worst analytic hierarchy process on renewable energy. PeerJ Computer Science 2021, 7, e453 .
AMA StylePriyanka Majumder, Valentina Emilia Balas, Arnab Paul, Dayarnab Baidya. Application of improved fuzzy best worst analytic hierarchy process on renewable energy. PeerJ Computer Science. 2021; 7 ():e453.
Chicago/Turabian StylePriyanka Majumder; Valentina Emilia Balas; Arnab Paul; Dayarnab Baidya. 2021. "Application of improved fuzzy best worst analytic hierarchy process on renewable energy." PeerJ Computer Science 7, no. : e453.
Advancements in wireless communication technologies have facilitated the deployment of large-scale Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Due to the constraint of associated battery power, various optimization structures have been proposed to enhance the lifetime of WSNs. In this article, the concept of supernodes is used along with Moth Flame Optimization algorithm to improve the lifetime of the heterogeneous WSNs. The Moth Flame Optimization algorithm is used to achieve the energy-efficient clustering and energy-aware routing. The performance of Moth Flame Optimization algorithm is compared with the other existing protocol, including Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm. The effects of varying populations of supernodes and sensor nodes on the network metrics are also analyzed here. The influence of the number of hops on the lifetime is also investigated considering two different positions of the base-station in WSNs.
Ashish Pandey; Abhishek Rajan; Arnab Nandi; Valentina E. Balas. Lifetime Enhancement of Sensor Networks by the Moth Flame Optimization. Wireless Personal Communications 2021, 1 -14.
AMA StyleAshish Pandey, Abhishek Rajan, Arnab Nandi, Valentina E. Balas. Lifetime Enhancement of Sensor Networks by the Moth Flame Optimization. Wireless Personal Communications. 2021; ():1-14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAshish Pandey; Abhishek Rajan; Arnab Nandi; Valentina E. Balas. 2021. "Lifetime Enhancement of Sensor Networks by the Moth Flame Optimization." Wireless Personal Communications , no. : 1-14.
Sarra Mehamel; Samia Bouzefrane; Soumya Banarjee; Mehammed Daoui; Valentina E. Balas. Modified reinforcement learning based- caching system for mobile edge computing. Intelligent Decision Technologies 2021, 14, 537 -552.
AMA StyleSarra Mehamel, Samia Bouzefrane, Soumya Banarjee, Mehammed Daoui, Valentina E. Balas. Modified reinforcement learning based- caching system for mobile edge computing. Intelligent Decision Technologies. 2021; 14 (4):537-552.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSarra Mehamel; Samia Bouzefrane; Soumya Banarjee; Mehammed Daoui; Valentina E. Balas. 2021. "Modified reinforcement learning based- caching system for mobile edge computing." Intelligent Decision Technologies 14, no. 4: 537-552.
Most of the traditional PID tuning methods are heuristic in nature. The heuristic approach-based tuned PID controllers show only nominal performance. In addition, in the case of a digital redesign approach, mapping of the heuristically-designed continuous-time PID controllers into discrete-time PID controllers and in case of the direct digital design approach, mapping of the continuous-time plant (forward converter) into the discrete-time plant, results in frequency distortion (or warping). Besides this, nonlinear elements such as ADC and DAC, and delay in the digital control loop deteriorate the control performance. There is a need to tune conventionally-designed digital controllers to enhance performance. This paper proposes optimized discrete-time PID controllers for a forward DC–DC converter operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM). The considered conventional digital PID controllers designed on the basis of the digital redesign and direct digital approaches are tuned by one of the multivariable unconstrained pattern search methods named Hooke–Jeeves (H–J) search method to ensure excellent output voltage regulation performance against the changes in input voltage and load current. Numerical results show that the H–J-based optimized PID compensated forward converter system shows tremendous improvement in performance compared to its unoptimized counterpart and simulated annealing (SA)-based compensated system, thus justifying the applicability of the H–J method for enhancing the performance.
Ghulam Abbas; Muhammad Usman Asad; Jason Gu; Salem Alelyani; Valentina E. Balas; Mohammad Rashid Hussain; Umar Farooq; Ahmed Bilal Awan; Ali Raza; Chunqi Chang. Multivariable Unconstrained Pattern Search Method for Optimizing Digital PID Controllers Applied to Isolated Forward Converter. Energies 2020, 14, 77 .
AMA StyleGhulam Abbas, Muhammad Usman Asad, Jason Gu, Salem Alelyani, Valentina E. Balas, Mohammad Rashid Hussain, Umar Farooq, Ahmed Bilal Awan, Ali Raza, Chunqi Chang. Multivariable Unconstrained Pattern Search Method for Optimizing Digital PID Controllers Applied to Isolated Forward Converter. Energies. 2020; 14 (1):77.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGhulam Abbas; Muhammad Usman Asad; Jason Gu; Salem Alelyani; Valentina E. Balas; Mohammad Rashid Hussain; Umar Farooq; Ahmed Bilal Awan; Ali Raza; Chunqi Chang. 2020. "Multivariable Unconstrained Pattern Search Method for Optimizing Digital PID Controllers Applied to Isolated Forward Converter." Energies 14, no. 1: 77.
In the Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks, an enormous number of Location-based Services could be given to clients as per their development characteristics. Then, protection might be split when clients distribute certain vehicular trajectories information to the servers. Location-based Services collect large amounts of the Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks trajectories data, and if this data is released directly without any processing, it leaks the vehicles privacy. Nowadays, many scientists have encouraged different technologies to protect privacy, but how to use it rationally for Location-based Service is also a challenge. This path is continuous in time and space. Still, mostly the existing approaches only acknowledge a single position of the moving object at a particular time. They do not find the entire path, which may destroy the integrity of the space–time of the trajectory of the vehicle. However, existing work cannot fully guarantee the privacy of the vehicle’s trajectories because randomly selected noise does not contribute to the dissemination of meaningful path data, and people must hide access to sensitive areas. In this paper, a Differential Privacy and generalization based anonymization approach is proposed to protect the privacy of the sensitive vehicular trajectories. Privacy analysis shows that this scheme is achieved the Differential Privacy. The experiments with vehicular trajectories data shows that the system has good data feasibility and can be applied on large vehicular trajectories datasets. In the results firstly, to compute the Dump Ratio and CAVG experiment to check the efficiency of the method. Results shows the histogram of DPPS, PPDP and NTDP and the proposed strategy on the four datasets, where DPPS, PPDP and NTDP have lower accessibility contrasted with the proposed technique. The accuracy, precision and the recall rate of proposed method is also achieved. The impact of privacy budget values on Relative Average Error, Mean Absolute Error, Standard Deviation are also examined.
Muhammad Arif; Jianer Chen; Guojun Wang; Oana Geman; Valentina Emilia Balas. Privacy preserving and data publication for vehicular trajectories with differential privacy. Measurement 2020, 173, 108675 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Arif, Jianer Chen, Guojun Wang, Oana Geman, Valentina Emilia Balas. Privacy preserving and data publication for vehicular trajectories with differential privacy. Measurement. 2020; 173 ():108675.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Arif; Jianer Chen; Guojun Wang; Oana Geman; Valentina Emilia Balas. 2020. "Privacy preserving and data publication for vehicular trajectories with differential privacy." Measurement 173, no. : 108675.
This paper presents a sensorless model predictive torque control strategy based on an adaptive Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy model for the design of a six–phase permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)–based hydrokinetic turbine systems (PMSG-HTs), which not only provides clean electric energy and stable energy-conversion efficiency, but also improves the reliability and robustness of the electricity supply. An adaptive T–S fuzzy model is first formed to characterize the nonlinear system of the PMSG before a model predictive torque controller based on the T–S fuzzy model for the PMSG system is employed to indirectly control the stator current and the stator flux magnitude, which improves the performance in terms of anti–disturbance, and achieves maximum hydropower tracking. Finally, we consider two types of tidal current, namely the mixed semidiurnal tidal current and the northwest European shelf tidal current. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy can significantly improve the voltage–support capacity, while ensuring the stable operation of the PMSG in hydrokinetic turbine systems, especially under uneven tidal current speed conditions.
Yu-Chen Lin; Valentina Emilia Balas; Ji-Fan Yang; Yu-Heng Chang. Adaptive Takagi–Sugeno Fuzzy Model Predictive Control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator-Based Hydrokinetic Turbine Systems. Energies 2020, 13, 5296 .
AMA StyleYu-Chen Lin, Valentina Emilia Balas, Ji-Fan Yang, Yu-Heng Chang. Adaptive Takagi–Sugeno Fuzzy Model Predictive Control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator-Based Hydrokinetic Turbine Systems. Energies. 2020; 13 (20):5296.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYu-Chen Lin; Valentina Emilia Balas; Ji-Fan Yang; Yu-Heng Chang. 2020. "Adaptive Takagi–Sugeno Fuzzy Model Predictive Control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator-Based Hydrokinetic Turbine Systems." Energies 13, no. 20: 5296.
In this research article, the authors have discussed the simulation, analysis, and characterization of calcium-doped zinc oxide (Ca-doped-ZnO) nanostructures for advanced generation solar cells. A comparative study has been performed to envisage the effect of Ca-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NP), seeded Ca-doped ZnO nanorods (NR), and unseeded Ca-doped ZnO NR as photoanodes in dye-sensitized solar cells. Simulations were performed in MATLAB fuzzy logic controller to study the effect of various structures on the overall solar cell efficiency. The simulation results show an error of less than 1% in between the simulated and calculated values. This work shows that the diameter of the seeded Ca-doped ZnO NR is greater than that of the unseeded Ca-doped ZnO NR. The incorporation of Ca in the ZnO nanostructure is confirmed using XRD graphs and an EDX spectrum. The optical band gap of the seeded substrate is 3.18 eV, which is higher compared to those of unseeded Ca-doped ZnO NR and Ca-doped ZnO NP, which are 3.16 eV and 3.13 ev, respectively. The increase in optical band gap results in the improvement of the overall solar cell efficiency of the seeded Ca-doped ZnO NR to 1.55%. The incorporation of a seed layer with Ca-doped ZnO NR increases the fill factor and the overall efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC).
Shahzadi Tayyaba; Muhammad Waseem Ashraf; Muhammad Imran Tariq; Maham Akhlaq; Valentina Emilia Balas; Ning Wang; Marius M. Balas. Simulation, Analysis, and Characterization of Calcium-Doped ZnO Nanostructures for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Energies 2020, 13, 4863 .
AMA StyleShahzadi Tayyaba, Muhammad Waseem Ashraf, Muhammad Imran Tariq, Maham Akhlaq, Valentina Emilia Balas, Ning Wang, Marius M. Balas. Simulation, Analysis, and Characterization of Calcium-Doped ZnO Nanostructures for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Energies. 2020; 13 (18):4863.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShahzadi Tayyaba; Muhammad Waseem Ashraf; Muhammad Imran Tariq; Maham Akhlaq; Valentina Emilia Balas; Ning Wang; Marius M. Balas. 2020. "Simulation, Analysis, and Characterization of Calcium-Doped ZnO Nanostructures for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." Energies 13, no. 18: 4863.
Dana Rad; Valentina E. Balas. A Novel Fuzzy Scoring Approach of Behavioural Interviews in Personnel Selection. BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience 2020, 11, 178 -188.
AMA StyleDana Rad, Valentina E. Balas. A Novel Fuzzy Scoring Approach of Behavioural Interviews in Personnel Selection. BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience. 2020; 11 (2):178-188.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDana Rad; Valentina E. Balas. 2020. "A Novel Fuzzy Scoring Approach of Behavioural Interviews in Personnel Selection." BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience 11, no. 2: 178-188.
In the Internet of Things era, or in the digitalization and mediatization of everything paradigm, where context awareness computing is on the rise, people are also facing a new challenge, that of being aware of the digital contexts, in all situations when surfing the internet’s ocean of row information. The emerging social media context awareness competency refers to a new emerging skill regarding the trust load people give to a specific social media context they encounter. Since it is an emergent competence, it cannot be understood as standalone. If the digital context would not be available, we would not develop such a competence. Being a competence, it must be defined by three core elements: Knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Consequently, we have operationalized the competence of social media context awareness in terms of social media literacy, social media communication process understanding, social media content impact awareness, and social media confidence. An online questionnaire was created under the Erasmus+ project Hate’s Journey, addressing a convenience sample of 206 online youth respondents from Turkey, Spain, Latvia, and Romania. Our team has computed a reliability analysis on the social media context awareness scale designed with four items referring to social media literacy (m = 3.79, SD = 1), social media communication process understanding (m = 3.77, SD = 0.9), social media content impact awareness (m = 3.88, SD = 1), and social media confidence (m = 3.45, SD = 1). Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and the Exploratory Factor Analysis demonstrated the acceptable reliability of the SMCA scale, α = 0.87. Conclusions, implications, and limitations are discussed in the context of social sustainability.
Dana Rad; Valentina Balas; Ramona Lile; Edgar Demeter; Tiberiu Dughi; Gavril Rad. Statistical Properties of a New Social Media Context Awareness Scale (SMCA)—A Preliminary Investigation. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5201 .
AMA StyleDana Rad, Valentina Balas, Ramona Lile, Edgar Demeter, Tiberiu Dughi, Gavril Rad. Statistical Properties of a New Social Media Context Awareness Scale (SMCA)—A Preliminary Investigation. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (12):5201.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDana Rad; Valentina Balas; Ramona Lile; Edgar Demeter; Tiberiu Dughi; Gavril Rad. 2020. "Statistical Properties of a New Social Media Context Awareness Scale (SMCA)—A Preliminary Investigation." Sustainability 12, no. 12: 5201.
Vasisht Duddu; N. Rajesh Pillai; D. Vijay Rao; Valentina E. Balas. Fault tolerance of neural networks in adversarial settings. Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 2020, 38, 5897 -5907.
AMA StyleVasisht Duddu, N. Rajesh Pillai, D. Vijay Rao, Valentina E. Balas. Fault tolerance of neural networks in adversarial settings. Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems. 2020; 38 (5):5897-5907.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVasisht Duddu; N. Rajesh Pillai; D. Vijay Rao; Valentina E. Balas. 2020. "Fault tolerance of neural networks in adversarial settings." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 38, no. 5: 5897-5907.
Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) have become the one of the most, reassuring, encouraging and the quickest developing subsets of Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs). They are involved smart vehicles, On-board Units (OBUs), and Roadside Units (RSUs) which convey by the temperamental wirless media. Other than lacking frameworks, forwarding elements move with various speeds. Hence, this postpones setting up dependable start to finish correspondence ways and having the proficient on the information move. As such, VANETs have the differing framework concerns and security troubles in getting the openness of universal accessibility, secure correspondence, exchanges, and notoriety the executives framework which impact the trust in coordinated effort and game plan between convenient frameworks. A new VANETs structure for secure communications is offered, and it contains two sub modules, the Software Defined Network (SDN) and the Fog Computing (FC). The SDN provides scalability, programmability complaisance, and the global information about the network, while the FC provides sensitive and location-aware services that meet future VANETs requirements. Additionally, we used the HABE encryption method to provide central security and offers secure and reliable communication. The proposed framework can address major VANETs problems by delivering Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) and Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communications. In this work, we demonstrated the communication example as well as the use case examples. We provide communication and computation performance along with security analysis. We provide the simulation results, in which we calculate the communication delays and the probability density function, and also compute the moving and running time with respect to the communication radius, that shows the method performs outclass for V2V and the V2I communications in terms of running time, moving distance, communication delays, storage, communication load and responce time.
Muhammad Arif; Guojun Wang; Valentina Emilia Balas; Oana Geman; Aniello Castiglione; Jianer Chen. SDN based communications privacy-preserving architecture for VANETs using fog computing. Vehicular Communications 2020, 26, 100265 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Arif, Guojun Wang, Valentina Emilia Balas, Oana Geman, Aniello Castiglione, Jianer Chen. SDN based communications privacy-preserving architecture for VANETs using fog computing. Vehicular Communications. 2020; 26 ():100265.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Arif; Guojun Wang; Valentina Emilia Balas; Oana Geman; Aniello Castiglione; Jianer Chen. 2020. "SDN based communications privacy-preserving architecture for VANETs using fog computing." Vehicular Communications 26, no. : 100265.
Operating in a dynamic and competitive global market, railway companies have realized many years ago that better management of their logistical operations will enhance their strategic positions on the market. The financial component of daily operations is of utmost importance these days and many companies concluded that maximizing the profit relies on the integration of logistical activities with better income management. This paper presents a system consisting of three components: Ferodata BOX, Ferodata MOBILE, and Ferodata SYS, used to transmit to a web-server the status and operating information of an electric or diesel train. Train information includes data from locomotives, wagons, train driver, route, direction, fuel or electric consumption, speed, etc. All this information is processed in real-time and can be viewed in the web-server application. Additionally, the web-server application could manage and report details that are coming from the wagons, such as valuable information regarding the bogie wear, the identification of the wagons attached to a gasket, and identification the situations in which a wagon or group of wagons comes off the gasket configuration. All information about the status of trains is available on-line and at any moment the person responsible for management can use these data in their work.
Adrian Brezulianu; Cristian Aghion; Marius Hagan; Oana Geman; Iuliana Chiuchisan; Alexandra-Ligia Balan; Doru-Gabriel Balan; Valentina Emilia Balas. Active Control Parameters Monitoring for Freight Trains, Using Wireless Sensor Network Platform and Internet of Things. Processes 2020, 8, 639 .
AMA StyleAdrian Brezulianu, Cristian Aghion, Marius Hagan, Oana Geman, Iuliana Chiuchisan, Alexandra-Ligia Balan, Doru-Gabriel Balan, Valentina Emilia Balas. Active Control Parameters Monitoring for Freight Trains, Using Wireless Sensor Network Platform and Internet of Things. Processes. 2020; 8 (6):639.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdrian Brezulianu; Cristian Aghion; Marius Hagan; Oana Geman; Iuliana Chiuchisan; Alexandra-Ligia Balan; Doru-Gabriel Balan; Valentina Emilia Balas. 2020. "Active Control Parameters Monitoring for Freight Trains, Using Wireless Sensor Network Platform and Internet of Things." Processes 8, no. 6: 639.
A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a potentially viable renewable energy option which promises effective and commercial harvesting of electrical power by bacterial movement and at the same time also treats wastewater. Microbial fuel cells are complicated devices and therefore research in this field needs interdisciplinary knowledge and involves diverse areas such as biological, chemical, electrical, etc. In recent decades, rapid strides have taken place in fuel cell research and this technology has become more efficient. For effective usage, such devices need advanced control techniques for maintaining a balance between substrate supply, mass, charge, and external load. Most of the research work in this area focuses on experimental work and have been described from the design perspective. Recently, the development in mathematical modeling of such cells has taken place which has provided a few mathematical models. Mathematical modeling provides a better understanding of the operations and the dynamics of MFCs, which will help to develop control and optimization strategies. Control-oriented bio-electrochemical models with mass and charge balance of MFCs facilitate the development of advanced nonlinear controllers. This work reviews the different mathematical models of such cells available in the literature and then presents suitable parametrization to develop control-oriented bio-electrochemical models of three different types of cells with their uncertain parameters.
Dipankar Deb; Ravi Patel; Valentina E. Balas. A Review of Control-Oriented Bioelectrochemical Mathematical Models of Microbial Fuel Cells. Processes 2020, 8, 583 .
AMA StyleDipankar Deb, Ravi Patel, Valentina E. Balas. A Review of Control-Oriented Bioelectrochemical Mathematical Models of Microbial Fuel Cells. Processes. 2020; 8 (5):583.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDipankar Deb; Ravi Patel; Valentina E. Balas. 2020. "A Review of Control-Oriented Bioelectrochemical Mathematical Models of Microbial Fuel Cells." Processes 8, no. 5: 583.
Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) are the specific sort of ad-hoc networks that are utilized in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). VANETs have become one of the most reassuring, promising, and quickest developing subsets of the mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). They include smart vehicles, roadside units (RSUs), and on-board units (OBUs) which correspond through inconsistent wireless network. The current research in the vehicles industry and media transmission innovations alongside the remarkable multimodal portability administrations expedited center-wise ITS, of which VANETs increase considerably more attention. The particular characteristics of the software defined networks (SDNs) use the vehicular systems by its condition of the centralized art having a complete understanding of the network. Security is an important issue in the SDN-based VANETs, as a result of the effect the threats and vulnerabilities can have on driver’s conduct and personal satisfaction. This paper opens a discourse on the security attacks that future SDN-based VANETs should confront and examines how SDNs could be advantageous in building new countermeasures. SDN-based VANETs encourage us to dispose of the confinement and difficulties that are available in the traditional VANETs. It helps us to diminish the general burden on the system by dealing with the general system through a single wireless controller. While SDN-based VANETs provide us some benefits in terms of applications and services, they also have some important challenges which need to be solved. In this study we discuss and elaborate the challenges, along with the applications, and the future directions of SDN-based VANETs. At the end we provide the conclusion of the whole study.
Muhammad Arif; Guojun Wang; Oana Geman; Valentina Emilia Balas; Peng Tao; Adrian Brezulianu; Jianer Chen. SDN-based VANETs, Security Attacks, Applications, and Challenges. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 3217 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Arif, Guojun Wang, Oana Geman, Valentina Emilia Balas, Peng Tao, Adrian Brezulianu, Jianer Chen. SDN-based VANETs, Security Attacks, Applications, and Challenges. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (9):3217.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Arif; Guojun Wang; Oana Geman; Valentina Emilia Balas; Peng Tao; Adrian Brezulianu; Jianer Chen. 2020. "SDN-based VANETs, Security Attacks, Applications, and Challenges." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9: 3217.
Voltage sags and swells are the major problems of the power distribution system that arise due to uneven distribution of the single-phase and nonlinear loads. They severely degrade the power quality and may cause the failure of the equipment at the user’s side. The voltage sag and swell issues are compensated by operating the AC voltage controllers with bipolar voltage gain characteristics. In these converters, high switching voltage and current, and a large number of switching devices are the main issues that cause unwanted power losses and result in reduced efficiency of the system. High voltage stresses may cause device failure due to the increase in dv/dt rating. The large count of switching devices results in high cost and high conversion losses. So here, we propose a novel AC converter with fewer switching devices that reduces switching voltage and current to have low conversion losses. The amplitude of the output is governed through the direct PWM control (DPWM) of one switch that controls the switching state of the other switch indirectly called indirect PWM control switch (IDPWM). The detailed analysis of the proposed converter is carried out to compare its performance with the existing converters. MATLAB/Simulink environment-based simulation results are proved through the experimental results obtained by developing a hardware prototype.
Naveed Ashraf; Tahir Izhar; Ghulam Abbas; Ahmed Bilal Awan; Umar Farooq; Valentina E. Balas. A New Single-Phase AC Voltage Converter With Voltage Buck Characteristics for Grid Voltage Compensation. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 48886 -48903.
AMA StyleNaveed Ashraf, Tahir Izhar, Ghulam Abbas, Ahmed Bilal Awan, Umar Farooq, Valentina E. Balas. A New Single-Phase AC Voltage Converter With Voltage Buck Characteristics for Grid Voltage Compensation. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 (99):48886-48903.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNaveed Ashraf; Tahir Izhar; Ghulam Abbas; Ahmed Bilal Awan; Umar Farooq; Valentina E. Balas. 2020. "A New Single-Phase AC Voltage Converter With Voltage Buck Characteristics for Grid Voltage Compensation." IEEE Access 8, no. 99: 48886-48903.
Induction heating (IH) is an environmentally friendly solution for heating and melting processes. The required high-frequency magnetic field is accomplished through frequency controllers. Direct frequency controllers (DFC) are preferred to dual converters as they have low conversion losses, compact size, and simple circuit arrangement due to low component count. Numerous frequency controllers with complex switching algorithms are employed in the induction heating process. They have a complicated circuit arrangement, and complex control as their switching sequences have to synchronize with source voltage that requires the zero-crossing detection of the input voltage. They also have a shoot-through problem and poor power quality. Therefore, this research proposes a novel frequency controller with a low count of six controlled switching devices without a zero-crossing detector (ZCD) having a simple control arrangement. The required switching signals are simply generated by using any pulse-width-modulated (PWM) generator. The performance of the proposed topology is verified through simulation results obtained using the MATLAB/Simulink environment and experimental setup.
Naveed Ashraf; Tahir Izhar; Ghulam Abbas; Ahmed Bilal Awan; Ali S. Alghamdi; Ahmed G. Abo-Khalil; Khairy Sayed; Umar Farooq; Valentina E. Balas. A New Single-Phase Direct Frequency Controller Having Reduced Switching Count without Zero-Crossing Detector for Induction Heating System. Electronics 2020, 9, 430 .
AMA StyleNaveed Ashraf, Tahir Izhar, Ghulam Abbas, Ahmed Bilal Awan, Ali S. Alghamdi, Ahmed G. Abo-Khalil, Khairy Sayed, Umar Farooq, Valentina E. Balas. A New Single-Phase Direct Frequency Controller Having Reduced Switching Count without Zero-Crossing Detector for Induction Heating System. Electronics. 2020; 9 (3):430.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNaveed Ashraf; Tahir Izhar; Ghulam Abbas; Ahmed Bilal Awan; Ali S. Alghamdi; Ahmed G. Abo-Khalil; Khairy Sayed; Umar Farooq; Valentina E. Balas. 2020. "A New Single-Phase Direct Frequency Controller Having Reduced Switching Count without Zero-Crossing Detector for Induction Heating System." Electronics 9, no. 3: 430.
With the advent of cloud computing and wireless sensor networks, the number of cyberattacks has rapidly increased. Therefore, the proportionate security of networks has become a challenge for organizations. Information security advisors of organizations face difficult and complex decisions in the evaluation and selection of information security controls that permit the defense of their resources and assets. Information security controls must be selected based on an appropriate level of security. However, their selection needs intensive investigation regarding vulnerabilities, risks, and threats prevailing in the organization as well as consideration of the implementation, mitigation, and budgetary constraints of the organization. The goal of this paper was to improve the information security control analysis method by proposing a formalized approach, i.e., fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). This approach was used to prioritize and select the most relevant set of information security controls to satisfy the information security requirements of an organization. We argue that the prioritization of the information security controls using fuzzy AHP leads to an efficient and cost-effective assessment and evaluation of information security controls for an organization in order to select the most appropriate ones. The proposed formalized approach and prioritization processes are based on International Organization for Standardization and the International Electrotechnical Commission (ISO/IEC) 27001:2013. But in practice, organizations may apply this approach to any information security baseline manual.
Muhammad Imran Tariq; Shakeel Ahmed; Nisar Ahmed Memon; Shahzadi Tayyaba; Muhammad Waseem Ashraf; Mohsin Nazir; Akhtar Hussain; Valentina Emilia Balas; Marius M. Balas. Prioritization of Information Security Controls through Fuzzy AHP for Cloud Computing Networks and Wireless Sensor Networks. Sensors 2020, 20, 1310 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Imran Tariq, Shakeel Ahmed, Nisar Ahmed Memon, Shahzadi Tayyaba, Muhammad Waseem Ashraf, Mohsin Nazir, Akhtar Hussain, Valentina Emilia Balas, Marius M. Balas. Prioritization of Information Security Controls through Fuzzy AHP for Cloud Computing Networks and Wireless Sensor Networks. Sensors. 2020; 20 (5):1310.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Imran Tariq; Shakeel Ahmed; Nisar Ahmed Memon; Shahzadi Tayyaba; Muhammad Waseem Ashraf; Mohsin Nazir; Akhtar Hussain; Valentina Emilia Balas; Marius M. Balas. 2020. "Prioritization of Information Security Controls through Fuzzy AHP for Cloud Computing Networks and Wireless Sensor Networks." Sensors 20, no. 5: 1310.