Nitrogen is a key determinant of both yield and quality in cereal crops; however, its efficiency is strongly influenced by environmental conditions and genotype. This study evaluated the impact of different sowing densities and nitrogen fertilization regimes on grain quality indices in four triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) varieties—Negoiu, Utrifun, Zvelt, and Tulnic—using a split-plot arrangement of the 4 × 3 × 3 type, under the climatic conditions of northwestern Romania. The experiment, conducted over two contrasting growing seasons (2021–2023), employed a split-plot design testing three sowing densities (450, 550, and 650 seeds/m²) and three fertilization levels: basic soil nitrogen fertilization, soil + foliar N-P-K application, and soil + foliar + biostimulant. The results indicated that climatic variability had a predominant effect on grain quality, followed by the genetic characteristics of the varieties and their response to water stress. In the drought-affected 2021–2022 season, the Zvelt variety recorded the highest protein content (14.2%), significantly outperforming the control (13.3%). Supplementary foliar fertilization and the use of biostimulants under drought conditions did not improve quality; in some cases, they led to significant decreases in protein content (from 14.36% to 13.69%) and thousand-kernel weight (TKW). Under optimal precipitation conditions in the 2022–2023 season, supplementary fertilization significantly improved hectoliter weight and TKW (reaching 46.7 g compared to 44.2 g in the soil-only treatments). Higher sowing densities (650 seeds/m²) generally led to decreases in hectoliter weight and TKW in favorable years. These results suggest that nitrogen fertilization can improve triticale quality. In this study, high yields, both quantitatively and qualitatively, appear to be mainly influenced by varieties and climatic conditions, especially water availability during critical growth stages.

This study was conducted at the Agricultural Research and Development Station (ARDS) Livada during the 2024–2025 growing season to systematically evaluate the selectivity and efficacy of novel herbicidal molecules and their combinations in grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) cultivation. The research focused on determining the tolerance of sorghum to the herbicides.Proman and Barracuda, establishing optimal application rates, and identifying the most effective timing for the control of both annual and perennial monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds. The experiments were carried out under the pedoclimatic conditions characteristic of Livada, Satu Mare County, Romania, providing a robust assessment of the herbicides’ agronomic performance, selectivity, and potential contribution to sustainable sorghum production systems.

Increasing the areas cultivated with soybeans in order to develop vegetable protein resources requires the research and knowledge of new genotypes in different pedoclimatic conditions.The type of soil at Livada on which the "preluvosol stagnogley" was experimented is representative of the north-west of Romania and is characterized by a very low potential fertility due to unfavorable physical, hydrophysical and chemical properties as well as a poor supply of nutrients and a reduced microbiological activities (Ștefan 2000).

Green manuring may improve crop performance on acidic, low-fertility soils, although its effects depend on the incorporated species and mineral fertilization regime. This study evaluated the effects of five green manure crops and mineral fertilization on winter wheat during the 2021/2022 growing season at the Agricultural Research and Development Station Livada, northwestern Romania. A two-factor split-plot field experiment was conducted at a single location during one growing season (2021/2022) using three replicate blocks. Six main-plot treatments—wheat, triticale, pea, narrow-leafed lupine, oilseed rape, and a non-sown control with spontaneous vegetation—were combined with two subplot regimes: with and without combined N–P mineral fertilization. The green manure × mineral fertilization interaction was significant for grain yield (p = 0.008). Under mineral fertilization, pea produced the highest numerical grain yield (8018 ± 116 kg ha⁻¹; mean ± SE, n = 3), compared with 6730 ± 244 kg ha⁻¹ in the corresponding fertilized control. Without mineral fertilization, pea and lupine produced 5427 ± 187 and 5009 ± 237 kg ha⁻¹, respectively, compared with 3419 ± 108 kg ha⁻¹ in the corresponding non-fertilized control. Wheat and triticale green manures were associated with lower subsequent wheat yields than their corresponding controls under both fertilization regimes. Under the conditions of this single-site, single-season experiment, pea and narrow-leafed lupine were associated with favorable grain-yield responses, particularly relative to the corresponding non-sown controls. Further multi-year and multi-location experiments are required to determine the stability of these responses under contrasting soil and climatic conditions.

The research was carried out in the 2022-2023 agricultural year, the experience being located on an albic luvosol with a pH of 5.1, a clay content of 20.9% and a humus content of 1.8, the Glosa wheat variety being sown. The present work presents the effectiveness and efficiency of herbicide treatments on wheat production on an albic luvisol in Livada township, Satu Mare county, and implicitly the weed control strategies. The dominant species in the wheat culture on the albic luvosol are: Matricaria inodora, Raphanus raphanistrum, Sinapis arvensis, Cirsium arvense, Viola arvensis, Apera spica-venti, Gypsofila muralis, Sclerantus anuus, Elymus repens, Convolvulus, Galeopsis tetrahit. The effectiveness of the treatments was different depending on the herbicide used and the degree of weeding. The effective fight against weeds in the field requires a good knowledge of the pedoclimatic conditions that influence the effectiveness of herbicide treatments applied pre-emergence or post-emergence due to the different floristic composition depending on these conditions. It is noted that the fight against weeds in the wheat crop and beyond is an important link without which a profitable crop cannot be achieved. Herbicides remain one of the most effective means of combating weeds in the wheat crop.

The primary objective of this research was to determine the most suitable herbicides, the most effective doses, and the optimal timing for the control of ragweed in sunflower crops. In 2024, an experiment was conducted at the Livada Agricultural Development Research Station, using the randomized block method with 10 variants in 3 repetitions, on an albic Luvisol soil with a pH of 5.1, a clay content of 20.9%, and a humus content of 1.8%.