Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the blood serum of liver cirrhosis patients.Methods: İn This investigation, we took blood from 31 healthy individuals, and 30 patients with Cirrhosis in both males and females. In this study, serum MDA levels, SOD, GSH, and CAT activities were measured spectrophotometrically. In paired group comparisons in terms of continuous variables; the T-test was utilized where normal deviation was achieved, and Mann-Whitney U statistics was utilized where it was not. In addition, ROC curve analysis was performed to evaluate their performance in differentiating the patient group from the control group.Results: SOD, CAT, and GSH activities were significantly decreased in the patient groups compared to the healthy control group (p<0.05). MDA levels were significantly higher in the patient group compared to the healthy control group (p <0.05).Conclusion: In conclusion, in this study, oxidative stress may play an important role in the development of liver cirrhosis. This study is the first one to show the relationships of MDA, SOD, CAT, and GSH in liver cirrhosis. Further studies are essential to investigate antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress status in liver cirrhosis.

Objective: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) stands as the most common histiocytic disorder. It is categorized into single-system single site, single-system multi-site, and multisystem types, with or without involvement of risk organs. Clinical presentation exhibits considerable variability, contingent upon the affected organ systems. Given its rarity, diverse locations, and varying severity, there are currently no established treatment guidelines for LCH. Case Presentation: We documented the case of a 5-month-old male diagnosed with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), presenting with high-risk multisystem organ involvement and concurrent unifocal bone involvement. Bone marrow aspiration revealed infiltration by multinucleated giant cells within the marrow. Skin biopsy demonstrated Langerhans cell proliferation with epidermotrophism and the characteristic reniform nucleus resembling a coffee bean. The patient was treated following the histiocytosis protocol, which included daily oral prednisone and 6-mercaptopurine, in addition to weekly intravenous vinblastine and methotrexate administered every two weeks. Unfortunately, the patient displayed limited response during the initial phase of treatment and, tragically, passed away during the eighth week of therapy. Conclusion: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease characterized by variable disease presentations and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Timely recognition of clinical manifestations and risk factors, coupled with appropriate treatment, is crucial to reduce mortality and long-term complications associated with the condition.

Background: We tried to reveal the relationship between the levels of some important minerals, rare elements and heavy metals by measuring serum cobalt (Co), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), catalase (CAT) and carbonic anhydrase (CA) levels in head and neck, CNS, ...

Although oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathophysiology of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), its association with clinical risk-scoring systems (SYNTAX/ACEF) remains limited. This study examined the relationships between oxidative stress biomarkers and risk scores in patients with AMI, using bootstrap validation to evaluate statistical reliability. This cross-sectional study included 207 participants: 65 with STEMI, 62 with NSTEMI, and 80 controls. Oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde [MDA], protein carbonyl [PCO], total sulfhydryl [TSH], glutathione S-transferase [GST], glutathione reductase [GR], glutathione peroxidase [GPx], and reduced glutathione [GSH]) were measured using spectrophotometry. The SYNTAX and ACEF scores were calculated for patients with AMI. Statistical analyses included Pearson correlation, multivariate linear regression, and bootstrap resampling for validation. AMI patients exhibited significantly lower antioxidant parameters (TSH, GST, GR, GPx, and GSH; all P < .001) and higher levels of oxidative stress markers (MDA and PCO; both P < .001) than controls. Strong positive correlations were observed between SYNTAX and ACEF scores in both STEMI (R = 0.72, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.65–0.78) and NSTEMI groups (R = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.61–0.76). MDA and PCO showed strong positive correlations with both scoring systems in all patient groups. Bootstrap validation revealed a hierarchy of biomarker reliability: MDA, PCO, and GST demonstrated consistent stability in all analyses, whereas GPx and GSH showed subtype-specific patterns with lower reliability, especially in NSTEMI patients. Multivariate analysis identified age, MDA, PCO, GST, GR, and GSH as independent predictors of SYNTAX score (R ² = 0.78), while only age and eGFR predicted ACEF score (R ² = 0.65). Oxidative stress biomarkers were strongly correlated with clinical risk scores in patients with AMI. Among these, MDA, PCO, and GST demonstrated the most consistent associations with anatomical complexity. While these findings suggest that integrating validated oxidative stress biomarkers into existing scoring systems may help refine prognostic accuracy and guide personalized treatment strategies for AMI, further prospective validation is required.

Amaç: Koronavirüs 2019 (Covid-19) pandemisi, yüksek morbidite ve mortalite oranlarına neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma, diyabetik Covid-19 hastaları (grup I), diyabetik olmayan Covid-19 hastaları (grup II) ve sağlıklı kontroller ( Grup III) arasındaki hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), lipid profilleri, homosistein, oksidatif stres ve fiziksel aktivite düzeylerini karşılaştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Katılımcıların venöz kan örneklerinden HbA1c, lipid profilleri, homosistein, oksidatif stres, oksidan ve antioksidan seviyesi analiz edildi ve Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi ile fiziksel aktivite seviyeleri ölçüldü. Tüm parametreler gruplar arasında karşılaştırıldı (her grup için n=16). Bulgular: Grup I'de HbA1c ve açlık kan şekeri düzeyleri grup II ve III'e göre yüksekti (p<0.001). Gruplar arasında serum total kolesterol, trigliserit, yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein kolesterol ve düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein kolesterol düzeyleri arasında anlamlı fark vardı (p<0.001). Grup III ile karşılaştırıldığında grup I ve grup II'de daha düşük süperoksit dismutaz (p<0.001) ve toplam antioksidan seviyesi (TAS) (p<0.001), daha yüksek malondialdehit, total oksidan seviyesi (TOS) (p<0.001), oksidatif stres indeksi (p<0.001), C-reaktif protein seviyesi (p=0.001) ve nötrofil/lenfosit oranı (p<0.001) (p<0.001) vardı. Grup I ve II'deki hastaların fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri grup III'e göre daha düşük olmasına rağmen, yalnızca grup II'deki hastaların fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri grup III'e göre anlamlı olarak daha düşüktü (p=0,006). Sonuç: Diyabetik Covid-19 hastalarının kan şekeri belirteçleri, diyabetik olmayan Covid-19 hastalarına ve sağlıklı kontrollere göre daha yüksek olabilir. Diyabetik ve diyabetik olmayan hastalarda sağlıklı kontrollere göre daha yüksek oksidan ve daha düşük antioksidan aktiviteler, dolayısıyla daha yüksek oksidatif stres düzeyi görülebilmektedir. Ayrıca diyabetik olmayan Covid-19 hastalarının fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri, diyabetik Covid-19 hastalarına ve sağlıklı kontrollere göre daha düşük olabilir. Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic results in higher morbidity and mortality rates. This study aims to compare hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), lipid profiles, homocysteine, oxidative stress, and physical activity levels between diabetic Covid-19 patients (group I), non-diabetic Covid-19 patients (group II), and healthy controls (group III). Method: HbA1c, lipid profiles, homocysteine, oxidative stress, oxidant, and antioxidant status were analyzed from the venous blood samples and physical activity levels were measured with International Physical Activity Questionnaire. All the parameters were compared between the groups (n=16 for each group). Results: HbA1c and fasting blood glucose levels in group I were higher than group II and III (p<0.001). There were significant differences in serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol between the groups (p<0.001). There was lower superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant status (TAS), and higher malondialdehyde, total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index, C-reactive protein levels (p=0.001), and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (p<0.001) in group I and II compared with group III (p<0.001). Although the patients in group I and II had lower physical activity levels than group III, only the patients in group II had significantly lower physical activity levels than group III (p=0.006). Conclusion: Diabetic Covid-19 patients may have higher blood glucose markers than non-diabetic Covid-19 patients and healthy controls. Higher oxidant and lower antioxidant activities, thus higher oxidative stress level could be seen in diabetic and non-diabetic patients than healthy controls. In addition, Moreover, the physical activity levels of non-diabetic Covid-19 patients may be lower than diabetic Covid-19 patients and healthy controls.