The opportunity of decreasing the development of biofilm on the implant surface is one of the biggest research problems. It is connected with the existing prevention of microorganism hyperplasia. The application of numerous modifications is concerned with surface treatments leading to minimizing bacterial colonization. In the case of non-use antibacterial therapy, this leads to tissue infection. It can lead to a decreased opportunity to fight infection using antibiotherapy. One way is to decrease the increasing biofilm application which requires a method of modification. These techniques ensure properties like homogeneity or repeatability. The structure and chemical composition are changed with methods like CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition), PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition), sol–gel, or ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition). Antibacterial properties of metals are connected with their impact on proteins and the nuclear proliferation of fibroblasts, causing improvement in biocompatibility and also growth corrosion resistance, and the decline of biofilm adhesion. The prevention of biofilm with medicines and antibiotics is a crowded-out treatment. Traditional methods of preventing biofilm are based on compounds that kill or inhibit the growth of the microbes but at the same time lead to frequent development of resistance to antibiotics. This review summarizes the current knowledge of reducing and preventing the creation of biofilm.

Despite the obvious benefits of using ureteral stents to drain the ureters, there is also a risk of complications from 80–90%. The presence of a foreign body in the human body causes disturbances in its proper functioning. It can lead to biofilm formation on the stent surface, which may favor the development of urinary tract infections or the formation of encrustation, as well as stent fragmentation, complicating its subsequent removal. In this work, the effect of the polymeric coating containing the active substance-papaverine hydrochloride on the functional properties of ureteral stents significant for clinical practice were assessed. Methods: The most commonly clinically used polyurethane ureteral Double-J stent was selected for the study. Using the dip-coating method, the surface of the stent was coated with a poly(D,L-lactide-glycolide) (PLGA) coating containing the papaverine hydrochloride (PAP). In particular, strength properties, retention strength of the stent ends, dynamic frictional force, and the fluoroscopic visibility of the stent during X-ray imaging were determined. Results: The analysis of the test results indicates the usefulness of a biodegradable polymer coating containing the active substance for the modification of the surface of polyurethane ureteral stents. The stents coated with PLGA+PAP coating compared to polyurethane stents are characterized by more favorable strength properties, the smaller value of the dynamic frictional force, without reducing the fluoroscopic visibility.