Objective: This study was conducted so at to verify the validity and reliability of “Food Neophobia Scale (FNS)” scale in Turkish.Methods: The study was conducted on a total of 195 individuals (46.2% is male, 53.8% is female) aged between 19 and 64 (38.6±13.51) who accepted to voluntarily participate in the study in Ankara. While the demographical characteristics of the patients were questioned in the first stage, the 10-item FNS form having been translated into Turkish was used. Results: In the study, the existence of sufficient correlation among the items in the scale and the adequacy of sample size was examined; it was determined that the sample size was sufficient (KMO=0.78) and there was a sufficient relationship between the items for factor analyzes (χ2=142.502; p<0.05). In the assessment of fit of the scale, good fit cover index of χ2 was used and consequently the scale was found to have a good fit. The Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficient was found to be as 0.614 for the integrity of FNS. The Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index (AGFI) was found to be 0.92. The fact that this value is over 0.90 proves the model to have a good fit. Conclusion: The findings being acquired as a result of the all statistical analyzes have shown that the FNS adapted to Turkish is a reliable and valid measuring tool which can be used in Turkey. It is thought that FNS adapted to Turkish can contribute to the studies for research of food neophobia.

Unhealthy diets and obesity are major contributors to noncommunicable diseases worldwide. Dieting self-efficacy and nutrition knowledge are believed to influence eating behavior; however, their combined effect on dietary pattern is not well understood. This study aimed to examine the relationship between dieting self-efficacy, weight management-related nutrition knowledge, and dietary pattern among adults. This cross-sectional study recruited 1457 adults (aged 19–64) from Erzurum, Türkiye. Participants completed validated measures assessing dieting self-efficacy (DIET-SE), weight management nutrition knowledge (WMNKQ), and dietary intake using a brief food frequency questionnaire. A dietary pattern score was derived using principal component analysis (PCA). Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Partial Spearman correlations (adjusting for age and sex), multiple linear regressions, and path analysis were conducted to examine associations and mediation effects. The sample had a median age of 24 years, and 10.2% were obese. DIET-SE and WMNKQ scales showed high internal reliability (Cronbach’s α ≥ 0.72). Nutrition knowledge was positively correlated with self-efficacy (ρ = 0.12, p < 0.01); however, both were inversely associated with dietary pattern (ρ = -0.22 and − 0.15, respectively; p < 0.01). Regression analyses confirmed that higher DIET-SE and WMNKQ scores independently predicted poorer dietary pattern (β = -0.21 and − 0.13; p < 0.001). Female sex, higher education, and income were positively associated with WMNKQ scores, while age negatively predicted dietary pattern. Path analysis supported a partial mediation model: WMNKQ positively predicted DIET-SE (β = 0.13), which was negatively associated with dietary pattern (β = -0.20). The results demonstrated that participants with higher weight-management knowledge and dieting self-efficacy had lower overall dietary pattern. These findings highlight that knowledge alone is not enough to ensure healthy eating, and that self-efficacy must be properly directed.

The global challenges of warming temperatures, reduced rainfall, and extreme weather events have heightened the need for sustainable food sources. With a growing world population, there is an increasing demand for environmentally sustainable food production methods, making edible insects a promising alternative due to their nutritional and ecological benefits. This study was conducted to validate the Turkish version of the Entomophagy Attitude Questionnaire (EAQ) and examine, through path analysis, the relationship between university students' attitudes toward insect consumption and sustainable, healthy eating behaviors. The sample consisted of 641 Generation Z students aged 18–23. Data were collected via the Sustainable and Healthy Eating Behaviors Scale (SHEBS), the EAQ, and a demographic survey conducted through Google Forms. Results indicated that the EAQ is a reliable and valid tool, with significant correlations among its components ( p < 0.05). Among SHEBS dimensions, the “healthy and balanced diet” factor scored the highest (mean: 4.744), while the “local food” factor scored the lowest (mean: 3.361). Path analysis showed an acceptable model fit for the SHEBS dimensions on the EAQ, with “seasonal foods and avoiding food waste” showing a positive effect on the “interest” dimension of entomophagy ( p < 0.05); however, no significant effect was observed for the “disgust” dimension ( p > 0.05). The study suggests that public awareness should be raised to reduce negative attitudes toward entomophagy. Future studies should develop comprehensive interventions to overcome cultural barriers to entomophagy and promote this alternative to a wider audience.

Objective: To determine the effect of online sustainable nutrition education (SNE) on sustainable eating behaviors and anthropometric measurements in women.Design: In the research, a pretest‐posttest quasi‐experimental design was used for groups that were subjected to two different trainings.Sample: In the education group, 34 and in the control group, 51 women that between the ages of 19–50 years from six Women's Education and Culture Centers of Ankara Altındağ Municipality.Intervention: After the pretest, the Healthy Nutrition Education (HNE) group received one session of education on “healthy eating” in the second week of the study, while the SNE group received one session of education on “healthy eating” in the second week and “sustainable nutrition” in the third and fourth weeks. Participants were given SNE and its effectiveness was evaluated after 10 weeks.Results: At the end of 10 weeks, body fat percentage decreased significantly from 35.0 ± 6.7 to 33.7 ± 6.8 in the SNE group (p = 0.007). In addition, muscle mass (kg) increased significantly from 43.4[6] to 44.7[5.2] in the SNE group (p = 0.001). When covariance analysis was performed by correcting for body mass index, the group factor had an effect on body fat percentage and muscle mass (p = 0.035 and p = 0.007, respectively). After 10 weeks, the SNE group had a higher Sustainable and Healthy Eating Behaviors Scale mean score (p = 0.013), seasonal foods and avoiding food waste (p = 0.044), animal health (p = 0.003), reducing meat consumption (p = 0.022), healthy and balanced nutrition (p = 0.031), and low fat (p < 0.001) scores compared to HNE group.Conclusions: The dissemination of structured nutrition education for women is important for individuals and, thus, society to acquire and maintain positive eating practices that have an impact on physical health.

E-healthy diet literacy is the ability to find, understand, appraise, and apply online healthy-eating information. We examined its associations with psychological well-being and diet-related risk behaviors in a cross-sectional convenience sample of 331 undergraduates aged 18–26 years in Ankara, Türkiye; 84.9% were female. Participants completed the e-Healthy Diet Literacy Questionnaire (e-HDLQ), World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5), and Eating Habits Index (EHI). Associations were modeled using multivariable linear regression and an exploratory covariate-adjusted path analysis with 5,000 bootstrap resamples. After multivariable adjustment, higher e-HDLQ scores were associated with higher WHO-5 scores (unstandardized B = 0.443; standardized β = 0.179; 95% confidence interval [CI] for B, 0.174 to 0.713; p = 0.001) and, in a model additionally including WHO-5, with lower EHI scores (B = − 0.123; β = −0.281; 95% CI for B, − 0.171 to − 0.075; p < 0.001). A one-standard-deviation higher e-HDLQ score was associated with a WHO-5 score 3.38 percentage points higher and an EHI score 0.94 points lower. The bias-corrected 95% CI for the indirect component through WHO-5 included zero. Associations were modest; the EHI estimate warrants cautious interpretation because internal consistency was low (Cronbach’s α = 0.56). Concurrent measurement does not establish temporal ordering or causality.