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Qazi Abdul Subhan
Bahria Business School, Bahria University, Islamabad Sector E-8, Pakistan

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Journal article
Published: 18 November 2019 in Sustainability
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The key objective of the formation of the South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is to join hands collectively for slow economic growth, poverty eradication, deprived health and education sectors. In the 12th SAARC Summit, it has been declared that poverty eradication is the main area of concentration and SAARC countries would strive their best to minimize all types of poverty with the help of any possible strategy. The main objectives of the current study are to evaluate the development of the agenda of poverty eradication in SAARC countries through small and medium enterprise (SME) development because it would be considered as a short-routed remedy to mitigate poverty. The poorest 20% income holder as a percentage of GDP has been used as the proxy for poverty in the SAARC region. SME development has been measured through the SME share in GDP in respective countries. The panel dataset has been developed for the period of 1990 to 2015. The fixed effect method (FEM) and regression equation techniques were used to analyse the observed data. The results of the FEM were misleading. The regression equations for the respective countries were used for empirical analysis. The results have identified that there are three main factors that are essential in reducing poverty in the SAARC region: SME growth, openness of trade and social sector development.

ACS Style

Faiza Manzoor; Longbao Wei; Mohammad Nurunnabi; Qazi Abdul Subhan. Role of SME in Poverty Alleviation in SAARC Region via Panel Data Analysis. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6480 .

AMA Style

Faiza Manzoor, Longbao Wei, Mohammad Nurunnabi, Qazi Abdul Subhan. Role of SME in Poverty Alleviation in SAARC Region via Panel Data Analysis. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (22):6480.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Faiza Manzoor; Longbao Wei; Mohammad Nurunnabi; Qazi Abdul Subhan. 2019. "Role of SME in Poverty Alleviation in SAARC Region via Panel Data Analysis." Sustainability 11, no. 22: 6480.

Journal article
Published: 15 January 2019 in Sustainability
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Leadership style is an important factor that affects the enhancement of organizational performance and employee’s job performance, and what objectives they should pursue, which also makes a profit for their employees or makes another social and economic contribution to society. The present study was developed to observe the impact of transformational leadership on job performance and to investigate the mediating mechanism of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Primary data were collected from the employees by using a cross-sectional design method. Employees who participated in the study are working in the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) of Pakistan. A total of 300 questionnaires were circulated, and 130 were received. The Regression analysis was executed to examine whether CSR mediated the correlation among transformational leadership and job performance. The results of the study suggest that transformational leadership positively and completely predicts job performance. Particularly, the study finds that CSR significantly mediated the effect of transformational leadership on job performance. On the basis of these findings, it can be explicated that transformational leadership, job performances, and CSR are important elements of an organization. These elements can improve organizational performance. Theoretical implications of the recent study are discussed, and offer directions for future research in the area.

ACS Style

Faiza Manzoor; Longbao Wei; Mohammad Nurunnabi; Qazi Abdul Subhan; Syed Irshad Ali Shah; Samaher Fallatah. The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Job Performance and CSR as Mediator in SMEs. Sustainability 2019, 11, 436 .

AMA Style

Faiza Manzoor, Longbao Wei, Mohammad Nurunnabi, Qazi Abdul Subhan, Syed Irshad Ali Shah, Samaher Fallatah. The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Job Performance and CSR as Mediator in SMEs. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (2):436.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Faiza Manzoor; Longbao Wei; Mohammad Nurunnabi; Qazi Abdul Subhan; Syed Irshad Ali Shah; Samaher Fallatah. 2019. "The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Job Performance and CSR as Mediator in SMEs." Sustainability 11, no. 2: 436.