The effects of heat stress on colostrum quality, passive transfer failure, and disease incidence were investigated in a large population in order to prevent calf morality and yield losses in Holstein cows and calves. There was a statistically significant correlation between colostrum quality and the daily temperature humidity index, 7-day average temperature stress, and average temperature humidity indexes experienced by the cows during the dry period (P<0.001). It was observed that passive transfer failure occurred in 21% of the calves. There was a significant positive correlation (P<0.05) between the relative humidity and the temperature and humidity index values of the day of birth and the calf serum brix value. A negative and significant correlation was observed between Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) and serum brix value (r = -10, P<0.01). It was observed that the passive transfer success and diarrhea and pneumonia that were overcome in the first 365-day period showed a negative correlation (P<0.01). As a result, it has been observed that the heat stress experienced by cows and calves affects colostrum quality and passive transfer success, which also affects development and protection from diseases.

Kangal Shepherd Dogs are highly valuable working dogs unique to Turkey, known for their robustness in withstanding harsh climatic conditions and possessing advanced herd protection and management abilities due to their genetic characteristics. Haematological values serve as crucial indicators of the physiological and physiopathological parameters in animals. A complete blood cell count (CBC) emerges as a powerful diagnostic tool when appropriately assessed. Given the establishment of pure breeds, it is essential to acknowledge that breedspecific hematologic values may exhibit variations influenced by factors such as gender, lifestyle, age, and geographical location. Therefore, understanding the physiological distinctions between genders becomes paramount. This study aims to assess the impact of gender on the complete blood count in Kangal Shepherd Dogs. Upon comparing hematologic parameters between female and male Kangal Shepherd Dogs, a statistically significant difference was observed in the mean platelet volume (MPV) value, which was higher in females than males (p < 0.05). While the mean red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin (HGB), and haematocrit (HCT) values were higher in males, no statistically significant results were found (p > 0.05)

Failure of passive transfer (FPT) is an important determinant of survival in neonatal puppies. Practical indirect indicators that could serve as alternatives to measuring serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) have not yet been adequately characterized. In this exploratory study, 76 Turkish Kangal puppies aged 48 ± 4 h, born to 12 dams (mean age 40.2 months) were evaluated. Serum IgG measured by ELISA was the reference method, with values below 2.3 g/L classified as FPT. Whole-blood, fresh-serum, and frozen–thawed serum Brix values were evaluated together with serum total protein, albumin, globulin, gamma-glutamyl transferase, canine parvovirus antibody levels, and percentage change in body weight from birth to sampling, using receiver operating characteristic analysis. FPT was identified in six puppies (7.9%). The area under the curve (AUC) values for total protein, globulin, and percentage change in body weight were 0.986, 0.981, and 0.948, respectively, with the associated cutoffs considered exploratory; each detected all six cases with 82.9–94.3% specificity. Fresh-serum Brix showed moderate discrimination (AUC: 0.771), whereas whole-blood Brix was inconclusive (AUC: 0.432). Total protein, globulin, and early body weight change are promising screening indicators for detecting FPT. However, because of the limited number of cases, their cutoffs should be validated in larger populations, including other breeds, before clinical use.