The high Curie temperatures, magnetoresistance, dual spin-filtering effect, and perfect spin-dependent Seebeck effect demonstrate the potential of M ₂ B (M = Sc, Ti, and V) as a promising material for spin caloritronics.

The new type of gold cone filter cartridge has dual functions of increasing filter area and enhancing pulsed-jet cleaning, but the issue of patchy cleaning remains to be addressed. This study further enhances the pulsed-jet cleaning performance of cone filter cartridges by employing a porous diffusion nozzle. The temporal and spatial distributions of pulse jet velocity and pressure under the condition of porous nozzles were investigated through numerical modeling. The variation law of pressure on the side wall of the filter cartridge was analyzed. The influence of jet distance of porous nozzles on pulsed-jet pressure and pulsed-jet uniformity was experimentally investigated. Dust filtration and cleaning experiments were conducted, and the filtration pressure drop, dust emission concentration, and comprehensive filtration performance were compared. It was found that the airflow jetted by the porous diffusion nozzle is more divergent than that of the common round nozzle. This results in a larger entrainment of the jet stream, a milder collision of the jet stream with the cartridge cone, and a slower overall velocity reduction. More airflow is generated into the filter cartridge and accumulated; the accumulated static pressure covers a larger range of the upper section of the filter cartridge, with a longer duration of static pressure. In the online dust filtration and cleaning experiment, compared with the condition of the common round nozzle, the porous nozzle can reduce the residual pressure drop by 27.0%, increase the filtration cleaning interval by a factor of 3.80, reduce the average dust emission concentration by 45.2%, and increase the comprehensive performance index Q_F by 5.2%. The research conclusions can provide references for the design and optimization of industrial filter cartridge dust collectors.

Industrialization and urbanization have increased emissions of toxic atmospheric pollutants (CO, NO2, NH3), threatening ecological security and human health. Twin graphene (TG) features large specific surface area and excellent electronic transport properties, but its practical gas-capture performance is limited by weak physisorption. Silicon doping serves as an eco-friendly strategy to modulate TG’s electronic structure and generate surface active sites. Herein, first-principles calculations based on density-functional-theory were implemented. Six Si-modified TG models were built, among which the most stable ring-substituted TG-Si1 and short-chain central-doped TG-Si6 were further investigated. Their adsorption-sensing behaviors toward CO, NO2, NH3 as well as interfering H2O and O2 were systematically explored, and adsorption-desorption features at 298 K, 398 K and 498 K were evaluated. Results show that TG-Si1 produces strong chemisorption for NO2 and NH3 (Eads < −2.35 eV) suitable for long-term gas capture, though suffering from severe cross-interference. In comparison, TG-Si6 exhibits high selectivity for NO2; interfering gases can be readily desorbed at 498 K to realize good recyclability. Both Si-doped configurations possess favorable resistance against H2O and O2 interferences. This work provides theoretical support for Si-modified TG applied in toxic-gas adsorption-sensing and offers new insights into modification of two-dimensional carbon-based materials.