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The role of physical activity for social sustainability, as well as potential for social marketing to contribute to increasing the level of physical activity, are already documented in previous literature. Those considerations may gain additional importance in the context of student population, often confronted with the decrease of the level of physical activity, and in a country with scarce similar researches. The purpose of this study is to identify socio-demographic determinants of Serbian students’ physical activity. Physical activity was examined as an ordinal dependent variable (inactive, low-frequency activity, and recommended frequency activity) and an ordered logit model was implemented for examining its relations with students’ gender, age, household size, emotional status, accommodation, year of study, and living standard. The results show that 15.7% of students are inactive, 22.9% have low-frequency activity, while 61.3% met the recommended level of physical activity. The average probability of physical activity is larger for male students in comparison to female students. Students with better living standards are also more physically active. Finally, the average probability of physical activity decreases starting from students who live with their families, followed by those who live in a private accommodation, to students who live in a dormitory. Considering the obtained results, recommendations from a social marketing perspective are provided.
Ines Djokic; Aleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic; Nenad Djokic. Increasing Students’ Physical Activity in Function of Social Sustainability: Recommendations from a Social Marketing Perspective. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3303 .
AMA StyleInes Djokic, Aleksandar Grubor, Nikola Milicevic, Nenad Djokic. Increasing Students’ Physical Activity in Function of Social Sustainability: Recommendations from a Social Marketing Perspective. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (8):3303.
Chicago/Turabian StyleInes Djokic; Aleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic; Nenad Djokic. 2020. "Increasing Students’ Physical Activity in Function of Social Sustainability: Recommendations from a Social Marketing Perspective." Sustainability 12, no. 8: 3303.
The significance of green rural tourism for sustainable development is widely recognized. In addition, a number of researches attempt to explain the green choice among tourists. Hereby, different theoretical approaches are used. The dynamic approach to the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is implemented in this study. The approach considers that the influence of different elements of TPB (attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control) on intention to visit green rural hotels is tested in the context of different phases in behavior change of the respondents (pre-decision, pre-action, action). According to the authors’ knowledge, this is the first implementation of the dynamic approach to the TPB in understanding green rural choice. During data analysis, multigroup structural equation modelling (SEM) was used. The results indicate that the existence and the strength of the influences of the elements of TPB are different in different phases of behavior change. Managerial implications for the studied market (Serbia) are also provided within the paper.
Aleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic; Nenad Djokic. Social-Psychological Determinants of Serbian Tourists’ Choice of Green Rural Hotels. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6691 .
AMA StyleAleksandar Grubor, Nikola Milicevic, Nenad Djokic. Social-Psychological Determinants of Serbian Tourists’ Choice of Green Rural Hotels. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (23):6691.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic; Nenad Djokic. 2019. "Social-Psychological Determinants of Serbian Tourists’ Choice of Green Rural Hotels." Sustainability 11, no. 23: 6691.
One of the themes that has been topical in the marketing field for many years, refers to the modeling of perceived service quality. Different authors have provided different definitions and explanations for the quality of service, most often by identifying multiple levels and dimensions that determine it. In addition to defining the basic dimensions of service quality, the question that arises is related to the nature of the relationship in the model itself. In this regard, the paper presents reflective and formative models, as well as their specificities. Moreover, four basic types of hierarchical latent models, which are based on reflective and formative relations, have been analyzed. Based on the review of the relevant scientific literature, the paper presents a proposal for modeling the perceived service quality, as well as the criteria for testing this model.
Aleksandar Grubor; Nikola M. Milićević. The implementation of hierarchical latent models in the measurement of perceived service quality. Marketing 2019, 50, 179 -185.
AMA StyleAleksandar Grubor, Nikola M. Milićević. The implementation of hierarchical latent models in the measurement of perceived service quality. Marketing. 2019; 50 (3):179-185.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleksandar Grubor; Nikola M. Milićević. 2019. "The implementation of hierarchical latent models in the measurement of perceived service quality." Marketing 50, no. 3: 179-185.
Poslovanje kompanija u uslovima digitalne ekonomije jedna je od jasno identifikovanih karakteristika savremene poslovne prakse. U tom smislu, nastaje i očekivanje da bi navedeno stanje trebalo da utiče i na strukturiranje odgovarajućih kurikuluma obrazovnih institucija i kada je marketing u pitanju. Predmet ovoga rada jeste upravo zastupljenost digitalnog marketinga u kurikulumima odgovarajućih visokoškolskih ustanova u Republici Srbiji. Pored toga, u radu će biti prezentovana relevantna svetska iskustva. Posebna pažnja biće posvećena sagledavanju alternativnih načina edukacije iz oblasti digitalnog marketinga iz aspekta domaćih uslova. Na posletku, biće prezentovana potencijalna relevantnost inkorporacije takvih sadržaja u kurikulume visokoškolskih ustanova za studente, kompanije i društvo.
Aleksandar Grubor; Nenad Đokić; Nikola Milićević. PRILAGOĐAVANJE OBRAZOVANJA IZ OBLASTI MARKETINGA U REPUBLICI SRBIJI USLOVIMA DIGITALNE EKONOMIJE. ZBORNIK RADOVA EKONOMSKOG FAKULTETA BRČKO 2018, 1, 1 .
AMA StyleAleksandar Grubor, Nenad Đokić, Nikola Milićević. PRILAGOĐAVANJE OBRAZOVANJA IZ OBLASTI MARKETINGA U REPUBLICI SRBIJI USLOVIMA DIGITALNE EKONOMIJE. ZBORNIK RADOVA EKONOMSKOG FAKULTETA BRČKO. 2018; 1 (11):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleksandar Grubor; Nenad Đokić; Nikola Milićević. 2018. "PRILAGOĐAVANJE OBRAZOVANJA IZ OBLASTI MARKETINGA U REPUBLICI SRBIJI USLOVIMA DIGITALNE EKONOMIJE." ZBORNIK RADOVA EKONOMSKOG FAKULTETA BRČKO 1, no. 11: 1.
The bioeconomy has been introduced as a potential answer to some of the issues that modern mankind is confronted with: Climate change, industrial restructuring, food security, health, and energy security. In its goal to establish sustainable green growth, the bioeconomy relies heavily on the agriculture and food sector, whereas a special place belongs to organic food. Increasing organic food consumption depends on understanding organic food consumers. Research of their profile, both worldwide and in Serbia, has failed to find their common characteristics. In this paper, results of research with the first application of a logit model in defining domestic organic food consumers are presented. The results showed they were urban, highly educated, and with higher income. The greatest obstacle for increasing their future consumption of organic food was its insufficient availability. The paper provides managerial implications as well.
Aleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic; Nenad Djokic. Serbian Organic Food Consumer Research and Bioeconomy Development. Sustainability 2018, 10, 4820 .
AMA StyleAleksandar Grubor, Nikola Milicevic, Nenad Djokic. Serbian Organic Food Consumer Research and Bioeconomy Development. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (12):4820.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic; Nenad Djokic. 2018. "Serbian Organic Food Consumer Research and Bioeconomy Development." Sustainability 10, no. 12: 4820.
Goran Avlijas; Nikola Milicevic; Danilo Golijanin. Influence of store characteristics on product availability in retail business. E+M Ekonomie a Management 2018, 21, 195 -206.
AMA StyleGoran Avlijas, Nikola Milicevic, Danilo Golijanin. Influence of store characteristics on product availability in retail business. E+M Ekonomie a Management. 2018; 21 (4):195-206.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGoran Avlijas; Nikola Milicevic; Danilo Golijanin. 2018. "Influence of store characteristics on product availability in retail business." E+M Ekonomie a Management 21, no. 4: 195-206.
Nenad Djokic; Aleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic; Viktorija Petrov. New Market Segmentation Knowledge in the Function of Bioeconomy Development in Serbia. www.amfiteatrueconomic.ro 2018, 20, 1 .
AMA StyleNenad Djokic, Aleksandar Grubor, Nikola Milicevic, Viktorija Petrov. New Market Segmentation Knowledge in the Function of Bioeconomy Development in Serbia. www.amfiteatrueconomic.ro. 2018; 20 (49):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNenad Djokic; Aleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic; Viktorija Petrov. 2018. "New Market Segmentation Knowledge in the Function of Bioeconomy Development in Serbia." www.amfiteatrueconomic.ro 20, no. 49: 1.
The use of e-mails for promotion has been in place for decades. A large number of e-mails received by consumers and potential consumers are not requested by them and in most cases do not provide adequate value for them. In that sense, the permission marketing approach brings in multiple novelties. The sender of the promotional message strives at all stages of the relationship with potential and current consumers to obtain permission to communicate with them and to communicate the appropriate value. Within these phases - attract, convert, close and delight - e-mail marketing takes a significant place. The use of this approach is possible and desirable when higher education institutions are concerned as well. In this paper, several goals are set. First of all, it points to the specific features of permission marketing, the phases of its implementation, and various instruments that are adequate for applications in different phases. Thereafter, general recommendations for the promotion of higher education institutions in accordance with that approach, with special emphasis on email marketing, are provided. Finally, an example of promotion with using the e-mail and referring to the selected study program of the domestic higher education institution, precisely in accordance with the permission marketing approach, was presented. permission marketing; e-mail marketing; promotion; higher education institutions; study program
Aleksandar Grubor; Nenad Đokić; Nikola Milićević. The use of e-mail marketing in accordance with permission marketing approach in promotion of a study program. Strategic Management 2018, 23, 26 -31.
AMA StyleAleksandar Grubor, Nenad Đokić, Nikola Milićević. The use of e-mail marketing in accordance with permission marketing approach in promotion of a study program. Strategic Management. 2018; 23 (4):26-31.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleksandar Grubor; Nenad Đokić; Nikola Milićević. 2018. "The use of e-mail marketing in accordance with permission marketing approach in promotion of a study program." Strategic Management 23, no. 4: 26-31.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of employee density on shelf based out-of-stocks, i.e. situations when products are physically present at stores, but not on the marked points of sale. In addition, for the first time, these relations were analyzed among different retail formats. By using POS estimation method, shelf based out-of-stock rates were measured for 80 different FMCG products in 97 retail stores. For analyzing the impact of employee density on the average shelf based OOS rate in modern and traditional retail formats, curvilinear hierarchical regression and moderation analyses were used. The results showed that the relation between employee density and shelf based out-of-sock varied among different formats. While it was not significant in convenience stores, in modern formats it was quadratic (stores with too many or too few employees per square meter were related to higher levels of shelf based OOS). The obtained results suggest that store managers should be aware of the effects of employee organization on product availability. The attention was also dedicated to potential problems and managerial implications concerning the employees’ number in retail stores, regarding traditional and modern trading formats. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.28.4.16194
Aleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic; Nenad Djokic; Nemanja Berber. Shelf based out-of-stocks in the context of employee density. Engineering Economics 2017, 28, 1 .
AMA StyleAleksandar Grubor, Nikola Milicevic, Nenad Djokic, Nemanja Berber. Shelf based out-of-stocks in the context of employee density. Engineering Economics. 2017; 28 (4):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic; Nenad Djokic; Nemanja Berber. 2017. "Shelf based out-of-stocks in the context of employee density." Engineering Economics 28, no. 4: 1.
U okviru poslovanja preduzeća u međunarodnim okvirima, moguće je identifikovati više koncepcijskih pristupa međunarodnog marketinga, od kojih je globalni marketing koncept njegova najviša razvojna faza. Za razliku od preostalih tipova marketing orijentacija – izvozne i inostrane, u globalnoj marketing orijentaciji akcenat nije sveden na prodaju proizvoda i usluga preduzeća, odnosno ostvarivanje profitabilnosti putem zadovolјavanja potrošača, već se pored potrošača i profitabilnog zadovolјavanja njihovih potreba, u obzir uzimaju i ostali faktori okruženja kompanije. Na nivou međunarodnog marketing programa potrebno je razmatrati sve instrumente marketing miksa: proizvod, cenu, distribuciju, kao i marketing komunikacije. U vezi sa marketing komunikacijama, moguće je takođe identifikovati postojanje više instrumenata: ekonomske propagande, ekonomskog publiciteta, lične prodaje, direktnog marketinga, kao i unapređenja prodaje. Pri tome, unapređenje prodaje može biti orijentisano ka potrošačima – kako bi se, između ostalog, povećala svesnost o postojanju proizvoda, motivisali oni koji proizvod ne kupuju na njegovu kupovinu ili povećala tražnja, ali i ka marketing posrednicima – kako bi se prvenstveno povećala dostupnost proizvoda u kanalima distribucije. Takvim aktivnostima se tokom ograničenog vremenskog perioda dodaje vrednost proizvodu ili brendu, kako aktivnostima koje se odnose na njihovu cenu, tako i necenovnim aktivnostima. Međutim, treba imati u vidu i da je savremene marketing komunikacije, ali i celokupno poslovanje kompanije, potrebno posmatrati u kontekstu integrisanih marketing komunikacija, koje karakteriše visok nivo interakcije u komunikaciji između marketara brenda i potrošača, praćen konzistentnošću poruke duž čitavog marketing miksa, od proizvoda do svih instrumenata promocije. Predmet ovoga rada upravo je sagledavanje aktivnosti unapređenja prodaje u konceptu globalnog marketinga. U tom smislu, nakon prikaza osnovnih karakteristika koncepta globalnog marketinga, kao i osnovnih postavki koncepta integrisanih marketing komunikacija, uklјučujući i odnose unapređenja prodaje sa ostalim instrumentima promotivnog miksa, što sve zajedno predstavlјa svojevrsni kontekst u kome je potrebno posmatrati aktivnosti unapređenja prodaje, u radu su prikazani pojavni oblici tih aktivnosti, kao i određene dileme koje se u vezi sa njima mogu javiti.
Aleksandar Grubor; Nenad Đokić; Nikola Milićević. AKTIVNOSTI UNAPRE?EN?A PRODAJE U KONCEPTU GLOBALNOG MARKETINGA. EMC Review - Časopis za ekonomiju - APEIRON 2016, 10, 1 .
AMA StyleAleksandar Grubor, Nenad Đokić, Nikola Milićević. AKTIVNOSTI UNAPRE?EN?A PRODAJE U KONCEPTU GLOBALNOG MARKETINGA. EMC Review - Časopis za ekonomiju - APEIRON. 2016; 10 (2):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleksandar Grubor; Nenad Đokić; Nikola Milićević. 2016. "AKTIVNOSTI UNAPRE?EN?A PRODAJE U KONCEPTU GLOBALNOG MARKETINGA." EMC Review - Časopis za ekonomiju - APEIRON 10, no. 2: 1.
Budući da predstavlja osnovni preduslov za realizaciju prodaje, dostupnost proizvoda je jedan od primarnih zadataka maloprodajnih preduzeća i njihovih sistema isporuke. U radu su analizirani njeni nivoi sa aspekta primene centralizovanih i direktnih sistema isporuke. Istraživanje je sprovedeno u Srbiji, Bosni i Hercegovini i Crnoj Gori, uključujući 84 objekta sa više od 70 proizvoda svakodnevne potrošnje po svakom objektu. Pri tome, komparacije u nivoima dostupnosti između alternativnih sistema isporuke su izvršene u okviru različitih maloprodajnih formata i u okviru različitih kategorija proizvoda. Suprotno rezultatima sličnih studija i promenama na maloprodajnim tržištima, dato istraživanje pokazuje da su nivoi dostupnosti proizvoda kod analiziranih maloprodavaca u odabranim zemljama Zapadnog Balkana viši u slučaju direktne isporuke. dostupnost proizvoda; maloprodaja; isporuka; distributivni centar; maloprodajni formati
Aleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic; Grubor Aleksandar; Milićević Nikola. Product availability from delivery aspect: Evidence from retailers in selected Western Balkan countries. Industrija 2016, 44, 67 -84.
AMA StyleAleksandar Grubor, Nikola Milicevic, Grubor Aleksandar, Milićević Nikola. Product availability from delivery aspect: Evidence from retailers in selected Western Balkan countries. Industrija. 2016; 44 (2):67-84.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic; Grubor Aleksandar; Milićević Nikola. 2016. "Product availability from delivery aspect: Evidence from retailers in selected Western Balkan countries." Industrija 44, no. 2: 67-84.
Aleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic. The Analysis of FMCG Product Availability in Retail Stores. Engineering Economics 2015, 26, 1 .
AMA StyleAleksandar Grubor, Nikola Milicevic. The Analysis of FMCG Product Availability in Retail Stores. Engineering Economics. 2015; 26 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic. 2015. "The Analysis of FMCG Product Availability in Retail Stores." Engineering Economics 26, no. 1: 1.
Technological development and the process of globalization influence the increase of customers' awareness. In these circumstances they are becoming more demanding, expecting retailers to offer them the right product at the right time and at the right place. The result is one of the basic tasks of retailers, which reflects in providing an adequate level of product availability in retail stores. In order to prevent the stock-out situation, special attention should be dedicated to its identification and measurement. These operations are very important for establishing and implementing other various measures for increasing product availability and thus sales and competitiveness of retail companies. In this regard, besides theoretical considerations of product availability, we presented the basic methods for its measurement. Also, by using the sample of six Fast Moving Consumer goods categories, we applied the method based on the analysis of POS data. In addition to identifying the out-of-stock rates, we confirmed the results of other studies that product availability varies among different categories and retail stores.
Aleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic; Grubor Aleksandar; Milićević Nikola. Measuring on-shelf availability of FMCG products. Industrija 2015, 43, 53 -71.
AMA StyleAleksandar Grubor, Nikola Milicevic, Grubor Aleksandar, Milićević Nikola. Measuring on-shelf availability of FMCG products. Industrija. 2015; 43 (1):53-71.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic; Grubor Aleksandar; Milićević Nikola. 2015. "Measuring on-shelf availability of FMCG products." Industrija 43, no. 1: 53-71.
Considering that inventories feature as a significant cost component, especially in retail companies, inventory management requires particular attention. Various tracking indicators are used, with the turnover ratio being one of the most common. This article focuses on inventory turnover ratio determinants of Serbian large and medium sized enterprises registered solely for trading in fast moving consumer goods. Based on the gathered data, the authors analysed its relation to gross margin, capital intensity and sales growth rate. The results have shown that the inventory turnover ratio correlates positively with sales growth rate and gross margin, whereas its correlation to capital intensity is not statistically significant. Retailers’ approach to business operations and decision making on delivery of orders, reflecting the decline in the average inventory level, feature as the fundamental reasons for establishing a positive correlation between inventory turnover ratio and sales growth rate. On the other hand, the reasons for the positive correlation between inventory turnover and gross margin can be found in the characteristics of the retail market in the Republic of Serbia regarding the concentration levels and market share of the leading retailers. In addition to application by retail managers, the obtained results can also be used as a basis for future research related to inventory analysis of the Serbian retail sector. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.24.5.3546
Aleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic; Kristina Mijic. Empirical Analysis of Inventory Turnover Ratio in FMCG Retail Sector - Evidence from the Republic of Serbia. Engineering Economics 2014, 24, 401-407 .
AMA StyleAleksandar Grubor, Nikola Milicevic, Kristina Mijic. Empirical Analysis of Inventory Turnover Ratio in FMCG Retail Sector - Evidence from the Republic of Serbia. Engineering Economics. 2014; 24 (5):401-407.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic; Kristina Mijic. 2014. "Empirical Analysis of Inventory Turnover Ratio in FMCG Retail Sector - Evidence from the Republic of Serbia." Engineering Economics 24, no. 5: 401-407.
U uslovima sve izraženije konkurencije, maloprodajna preduzeća nastoje da minimiziraju napore potrošača u procesu kupovine. Pored cenovno pristupačne ponude, jedan od osnovnih zahteva koji se stavlja pred njih, odnosi se na obezbeđivanje adekvatnog nivoa dostupnosti proizvoda. Međutim, i pored toga, nedostatak zaliha i dalje ostaje jedan od najčešćih problema, ne samo potrošača, već i maloprodavaca i njihovih dobavljača. Kako su efekti ovog problema u velikoj meri uslovljeni reakcijama potrošača, posebna pažnja se posvećuje faktorima koji na njih utiču. S tim u vezi, u radu se pažnja posvećuje istraživanju uticaja lojalnosti na dve grupe reakcija potrošača u situacijama nedostatka zaliha. Rezultati pokazuju da dati faktor pozitivno utiče na odluke potrošača da kupovinu, i pored nedostupnosti željenog proizvoda, obave u maloprodajnom objektu. Samim tim, u cilju smanjenja negativnih efekata problema nedostatka zaliha, maloprodajna preduzeća treba da se fokusiraju na lojalnost potrošača, faktore koji na nju utiču kao i efekte koje ona proizvodi. nedostatak zaliha; reakcije potrošača; lojalnost; maloprodajni objekat
Ruzica Kovac-Znidersic; Aleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic; Ksenija Lekovic; Kovač-Žnideršić Ružica; Grubor Aleksandar; Milićević Nikola; Leković Ksenija. The impact of loyalty to the reaction of consumers in situation of lack of supplies. Marketing 2014, 45, 282 -289.
AMA StyleRuzica Kovac-Znidersic, Aleksandar Grubor, Nikola Milicevic, Ksenija Lekovic, Kovač-Žnideršić Ružica, Grubor Aleksandar, Milićević Nikola, Leković Ksenija. The impact of loyalty to the reaction of consumers in situation of lack of supplies. Marketing. 2014; 45 (4):282-289.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRuzica Kovac-Znidersic; Aleksandar Grubor; Nikola Milicevic; Ksenija Lekovic; Kovač-Žnideršić Ružica; Grubor Aleksandar; Milićević Nikola; Leković Ksenija. 2014. "The impact of loyalty to the reaction of consumers in situation of lack of supplies." Marketing 45, no. 4: 282-289.
Aleksandar Grubor; Nenad Djokic; Nikola Milićević. Specificities of food market segmentation. Marketing 2014, 45, 139 -146.
AMA StyleAleksandar Grubor, Nenad Djokic, Nikola Milićević. Specificities of food market segmentation. Marketing. 2014; 45 (2):139-146.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleksandar Grubor; Nenad Djokic; Nikola Milićević. 2014. "Specificities of food market segmentation." Marketing 45, no. 2: 139-146.