The adoption of Energy Management Systems (EnMSs) based on international standards has gained momentum since the ISO 50001 standard was launched in 2011. Before that, the potential to improve the energy management with Environmental Management Systems (EMSs) based on ISO 14001 and EMAS was identified in the literature. However, no in-depth analysis reported in the literature has explored this claim. The need for research is now even more evident with the development of new versions of the standards for environmental management―ISO 14001:2015 and EMAS III. Since many companies that already have a certified EMSs might be uncertain whether to adopt an ISO 50001 based EnMSs, the present work aims to shed light on the contribution of ISO 14001:2015 and EMAS III to energy management. Furthermore, the work summarizes the results of an empirical exploratory study carried out in eight Spanish organizations, four with an EMS implemented and certified based on ISO 14001:2015 and four more with an EMS registered to EMAS III. The findings show that both ISO14001 and EMAS certified organizations carry out energy management practices, even though they have no formal EnMSs implemented. Implications for managers and policy makers are discussed, together with avenues for further research.

The adoption of environmental management systems (EMSs) based on standards such as ISO 14001 and EMAS (Eco-Management and Audit Scheme) has become very popular and the academic literature has studied the adoption of these standards extensively. However, the variety of ways in which EMSs are adopted and internalized has not been fully analyzed and the few studies that have analyzed this issue have focused on the analysis of the outcomes of just one of the main reference standards for EMSs, namely, ISO 14001. Considering this shortcoming in the literature, this work contributes to the empirical literature on the analysis of the adoption of standards for EMS by analyzing the case of the three main reference models used by organizations: ISO 14001, EMAS, and the alternative models for EMSs. The present work summarizes conclusions of interest for the different stakeholders involved in the adoption of EMSs. Implications for scholars and other stakeholders are discussed. It is recommended that further studies should focus on the analysis of the real effects of the adoption of the main standards for EMSs.

La formación dual universitaria, modalidad de reciente implementación en España, aún está en proceso de concreción en cuanto a su diseño y desarrollo se refiere, aunque ya son numerosas las universidades que la han adoptado, especialmente en titulaciones que presentan un componente más práctico. En paralelo, se constata que existe una tradición destacable de formación dual en el contexto de la formación profesional; sin embargo, la universidad tiene una idiosincrasia que requiere de un marco diferenciado que atienda a sus propias características. Este trabajo, a partir de una revisión exploratoria, siguiendo el protocolo PCC (población, concepto, contexto), examina la legislación, publicaciones e informes directamente centrados en el objeto de estudio para dar respuesta al objetivo establecido: caracterizar y conceptualizar la formación dual universitaria desde el análisis de sus elementos nucleares. Los resultados permiten poner de relieve aquellas claves que diferencian la formación dual de otros tipos de formación en alternancia y, finalmente, responder al objetivo pretendido.

Entorno Virtual de Aprendizaje en el marco de la formación Dual Universidad-Empresa