Some experimental research indicates that low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) stimulation may accelerate regeneration in sciatic nerve injury. However, little research has examined the electrophysiological and functional properties of regenerating peripheral nerves under PEMF. The main aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of PEMF on sciatic nerve regeneration in short- and long-term processes with electrophysiologically and functionally after crushing damage. Crush lesions were performed using jewelery forceps for 30 s. After crush injury of the sciatic nerves, 24 female Wistar-Albino rats were divided into 3 groups with 8 rats in each group: SH(Sham), SNI (Sciatic Nerve Injury), SNI+PEMF(Sciatic Nerve Injury+Pulsed Electromagnetic Field). SNI+PEMF group was exposed to PEMF (4 h/day, intensity; 0.3mT, low-frequency; 2 Hz) for 40-days. Electrophysiological records (at the beginning and 1st, 2nd, 4th and 6th weeks post-crush) and functional footprints (at 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th weeks post crush) were measured from all groups during the experiment. The results were compared to SNI and SNI+PEMF groups, it was found that amplitude and area parameters in the first-week were significantly higher and latency was lower in the SNI+PEMF group than in the SNI group (p < 0,05). However, the effect of PEMF was not significant in the 2nd, 4th, 6th weeks. In addition, in the 1st and 2nd weeks, the SSI parameters were significantly higher in SNI+PMF group than SNI group (p < .05). These results indicate that low-frequency PEMF is not effective for long-periods of application time while PEMF may be useful during the short-term recovery period.

Amaç: Son yıllarda, artan cerrahi rekonstüksiyon teknikleri ile tendon transferleri sık yapılan operasyonlardan biri haline gelmiştir. Trafik kazaları, kesici alet yaralanmaları ya da bazı romatizmal hastalıkların yarattığı dejeneratif hasarlar sonucunda tendon grefti uygulamaları bir gereklilik haline gelmiştir. Literatürde en çok kullanılan tendon greft donörleri musculus palmaris longus, musculus plantaris, musculus extensor digitorum longus, musculus extensor indicis ve musculus gracilis olarak geçmektedir. Birçok tendon greft donörü olmasına rağmen, farklı kullanım alanları ve varyatif durumlar nedeni ile zaman zaman da alternatif tendon greft donörlerine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Biz de buradan yola çıkarak musculus flexor digitorum profundus aksesuar başının tendon grefti olarak kullanılabilirliğini araştırmayı hedefledik. Yöntem: Çalışmamızda, musculus flexor digitorum profundus aksesuar başı tendonunun, tendon grefti için donör olup olamayacağı iki basamakta incelendi. Birinci aşamada morfometrik olarak uygunluğu, ikinci aşamada ise biyomekanik olarak uygunluğu test edilerek güncel olarak kullanılan musculus palmaris longus ve musculus plantaris tendonlarıyla karşılaştırıldı. Bu amaçla musculus palmaris longus, musculus plantaris ve musculus flexor digitorum profundus aksesuar başının tendonları kullanıldı. Erişkin 11 kadavradan alınan kasların ve tendonlarının uzunlukları, kalınlıkları ve genişlikleri ölçüldü. Elde edilen parametreler birbirleriyle karşılaştırıldı. Alındıkları ekstremitelerin de uzunluk ve genişlikleri ölçülerek, tendonlarla aralarındaki korelâsyonlara bakıldı. Germe test cihazı kullanılarak; maksimum kopma kuvveti, maksimum deformasyon, tendon kopuncaya kadar depolanan enerji, sertlik, maksimum stres, maksimum strain, esneklik katsayısı ve dayanıklılık parametreleri ölçülüp, tendonların biyomekanik özellikleri değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Yapılan analizler sonucunda; hem morfometrik verilerde hem biyomekanik verilerde benzerlikler elde edildi. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak ele alınan aksesuar tendonun morfometrik olarak uygun olduğu, biyomekanik olarak kısmen yeterli olduğu sonucuna varıldı.

Perioperative exposure to the volatile anesthetic isoflurane (ISO) during surgery (OP) has been associated with cognitive and olfactory deficits and may increase the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4), the strongest genetic risk factor for AD, contributes to disease pathogenesis through disrupted lipid homeostasis. However, whether ISO/OP interacts with APOE genotype to influence neurological vulnerability remains unclear. Young adult, presymptomatic humanized APOE4 and APOE3 knock-in mice underwent laparotomy under 2 h of ISO anesthesia. Microglia and astrocytes were isolated from the olfactory bulb (OB) and hippocampus (HI) for lipidomic profiling. Awake in vivo OB recordings assessed neuronal excitability and network activity, while ex vivo patch-clamp recordings assessed synaptic transmission in the OB and HI. On day 7, APOE4/ISO/OP glia showed greater lipid perturbations than APOE3/ISO/OP glia. In vivo recordings revealed genotype-dependent alterations in OB excitability and network operation, while patch-clamp recordings identified altered excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission in the OB and HI. APOE4/ISO/OP mice exhibited persistent odor memory deficits, transient olfactory sensitivity loss, early motor impairment, and delayed cognitive dysfunction. OB RNA sequencing identified alterations in calcium transport and metabolic pathways in APOE4 male mice at 90 days following exposure. Together, these findings demonstrate APOE4-dependent vulnerability to ISO/OP, characterized by glial lipid dysregulation, neural circuit dysfunction, and neurological impairment, and support a potential mechanistic contribution of altered lipid homeostasis.

Permethrin is an insecticide from the Type-I pyrethroid group widely used in pest control in agricultural fields as well as in public health initiatives. This insecticide may adversely affect non-target organisms. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the functional effect of permethrin on vascular smooth muscles in vitro. Commercially purchased rat aortic smooth muscle cells were used. They were divided as 0 (control), 50, 100 and 150 µM permethrin groups. Cell viability in all groups was recorded for 72 hours with a real-time cell analysis system. K_ATP channel currents of cells were recorded for each group with patch clamp technique. Current-voltage curves were fitted to the Boltzmann shifted equation to obtain channel conductance values. Cell index value decreased significantly in the 150 µM permethrin group at 48th and 72nd hours compared to the control and 50 µM permethrin groups (p < 0.05). K_ATP channel conductance was significantly decreased in 100 and 150 µM permethrin groups, compared to the control and 50 µM permethrin groups (p < 0.05). The findings obtained from the study gave clues that permethrin has the potential to cause cardiovascular dysfunction by reducing cell viability and K_ATP channel conductance in vascular smooth muscles.