Smart grid, which is extensively new topic, is the next generation of power grid. Future modern grid will manage all parts of electrical power grid from generation to transmission and distribution by using intelligent methods. Smart grid progress in some developing countries is same to developed ones. In other parts of developing world, research works and pilot projects are newly started. Therefore, in the present work, a study of applied efforts in developing countries by regarding infrastructure of smart grid works was proposed. The analyses show that some countries like China, India and Brazil are pioneer on smart grid in developing world. As a conclusion, a progress pattern based on smart grid development in these three countries is proposed.

In recent years, research about the application and optimization of PV panels has grown rapidly. Especially for stand‐alone solar systems there have been some problems related to first stages of design and application. Finding the optimum slope of PV panels in order to maximize the absorbed solar radiation is considered as one of the major obstacles. Although in Malaysia there have been some research works about finding of optimal tilt angle, however, this research work aims to start investigation about slope of PV panels for three villages without electricity and prior research. The Liu and Jordan model is applied to find the monthly optimal tilt angle and fixed tilt angle for the application of solar energy in these rural locations. The results demonstrate that the optimal tilt angle in these locations is less than 5°.

In recent years, the renewable or green energy has been a major focus globally. Moreover, this energy can be like solar and wind which have been increasingly implemented worldwide. However, the adoption of the green energy is still low due to high technological costs and the associated power system issues. The effectiveness of Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices in problems that are related to the power systems has been tremendous. Although, there are still relatively limited works on incorporating FACTS devices into green energy plants. The progress of the FACTS application in renewable energy plants has been reviewed in this work. In addition, it has been discovered that FACTS plays an equally effective role in improving the power system quality of green energy plants especially in wind and solar plants. The rate of penetration of green energy could be accelerated if applications of FACTS devices in renewable energy plants were to be more widely adopted.