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We propose a multi-temporal-scale analysis of ground deformation data using both high-rate tilt and GNSS measurements and the DInSAR and daily GNSS solutions in order to investigate a sequence of four paroxysmal episodes of the Voragine crater occurring in December 2015 at Mt. Etna (Italy). The analysis aimed at inferring the magma sources feeding a sequence of very violent eruptions, in order to understand the dynamics and to image the shallow feeding system of the volcano that enabled such a rapid magma accumulation and discharge. The high-rate data allowed us to constrain the sources responsible for the fast and violent dynamics of each paroxysm, while the cumulated deformation measured by DInSAR and daily GNSS solutions, over a period of 12 days encompassing the entire eruptive sequence, also showed the deeper part of the source involved in the considered period, where magma was stored. We defined the dynamics and rates of the magma transfer, with a middle-depth storage of gas-rich magma that charges, more or less continuously, a shallower level where magma stops temporarily, accumulating pressure due to the gas exsolution. This machine-gun-like mechanism could represent a general conceptual model for similar events at Etna and at all volcanoes.
Alessandro Bonforte; Flavio Cannavò; Salvatore Gambino; Francesco Guglielmino. Combining High- and Low-Rate Geodetic Data Analysis for Unveiling Rapid Magma Transfer Feeding a Sequence of Violent Summit Paroxysms at Etna in Late 2015. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 4630 .
AMA StyleAlessandro Bonforte, Flavio Cannavò, Salvatore Gambino, Francesco Guglielmino. Combining High- and Low-Rate Geodetic Data Analysis for Unveiling Rapid Magma Transfer Feeding a Sequence of Violent Summit Paroxysms at Etna in Late 2015. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (10):4630.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlessandro Bonforte; Flavio Cannavò; Salvatore Gambino; Francesco Guglielmino. 2021. "Combining High- and Low-Rate Geodetic Data Analysis for Unveiling Rapid Magma Transfer Feeding a Sequence of Violent Summit Paroxysms at Etna in Late 2015." Applied Sciences 11, no. 10: 4630.
The Timpe Fault System (TFS) represents the source of shallow earthquakes that strike numerous towns and villages on Mt. Etna eastern flank. In the last 40 years, three destructive seismic events reached I0 = VIII EMS (heavily damaging) - in 1984 (October 25), 2002 (October 29) and 2018 (December 26). These events followed a few days after the occurrence of strong seismic swarms and the sudden acceleration of the eastern flank seaward. However, if the 2002 and 2018 events were caused by stress induced by eruptive dike propagation, in October 1984 no eruption occurred. In this work, parameters such as localization, cumulative seismic moment and hourly occurrence frequency of the 1984 seismic swarm, have been analyzed and shown to have typical values of Mt. Etna intrusive seismic swarms. This suggests that the 1984 episode may have been an aborted intrusive magma episode that triggered similar processes (long and powerful intrusions with acceleration of the eastern flank movement and destructive earthquakes), as in 2002 and 2018. These three episodes suggest that an evaluation of some seismic parameters during future intrusive swarms may furnish indications of a possible re-activation of the TFS.
Salvatore Gambino; Giovanni Distefano. Intrusive Seismic Swarms as Possible Precursors of Destructive Earthquakes on Mt. Etna’s Eastern Flank. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleSalvatore Gambino, Giovanni Distefano. Intrusive Seismic Swarms as Possible Precursors of Destructive Earthquakes on Mt. Etna’s Eastern Flank. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalvatore Gambino; Giovanni Distefano. 2021. "Intrusive Seismic Swarms as Possible Precursors of Destructive Earthquakes on Mt. Etna’s Eastern Flank." , no. : 1.
Mount Melbourne and Mount Rittmann are quiescent, although potentially explosive, alkaline volcanoes located 100 km apart in Northern Victoria Land quite close to three stations (Mario Zucchelli Station, Gondwana and Jang Bogo). The earliest investigations on Mount Melbourne started at the end of the 1960s; Mount Rittmann was discovered during the 1988–89 Italian campaign and knowledge of it is more limited due to the extensive ice cover. The first geophysical observations at Mount Melbourne were set up in 1988 by the Italian National Antarctic Research Programme (PNRA), which has recently funded new volcanological, geochemical and geophysical investigations on both volcanoes. Mount Melbourne and Mount Rittmann are active, and are characterized by fumaroles that are fed by volcanic fluid; their seismicity shows typical volcano signals, such as long-period events and tremor. Slow deformative phases have been recognized in the Mount Melbourne summit area. Future implementation of monitoring systems would help to improve our knowledge and enable near-real-time data to be acquired in order to track the evolution of these volcanoes. This would prove extremely useful in volcanic risk mitigation, considering that both Mount Melbourne and Mount Rittmann are potentially capable of producing major explosive activity with a possible risk to large and distant communities.
Salvatore Gambino; Pietro Armienti; Andrea Cannata; Paola Del Carlo; Gaetano Giudice; Giovanni Giuffrida; Marco Liuzzo; Massimo Pompilio. Chapter 7.3 Mount Melbourne and Mount Rittmann. Geological Society, London, Memoirs 2021, 55, M55 -2018.
AMA StyleSalvatore Gambino, Pietro Armienti, Andrea Cannata, Paola Del Carlo, Gaetano Giudice, Giovanni Giuffrida, Marco Liuzzo, Massimo Pompilio. Chapter 7.3 Mount Melbourne and Mount Rittmann. Geological Society, London, Memoirs. 2021; 55 ():M55-2018.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalvatore Gambino; Pietro Armienti; Andrea Cannata; Paola Del Carlo; Gaetano Giudice; Giovanni Giuffrida; Marco Liuzzo; Massimo Pompilio. 2021. "Chapter 7.3 Mount Melbourne and Mount Rittmann." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 55, no. : M55-2018.
We have modeled the fast dyke intrusion that started on 24 December 2018 at Mount Etna. The intrusion was accompanied by an intense seismicity swarm that also continued the following day. Since previous studies did not detail the overall chain of events in time during the magma ascent, here we propose a combined analytical and FEM modeling of all available continuous deformation data, focusing on the signals over two days (24‐25 December) when the continuous deformation networks recorded clear variations directly related to the dyke ascent. High‐rate GPS enabled obtaining an early and reliable source model. Borehole instruments (strainmeters and tiltmeters) highlighted clear variations, starting about one hour before those recorded by GPS, and moreover, made it possible to improve the dyke ascent modeling. In particular, our continuous deformation data clearly revealed not one but two dykes and showed how they evolved in time. We inferred one dyke that began propagating in the first kilometer above sea level, continued to rise with a maximum opening of 1.9 m and increased its horizontal dimension until reaching the ground surface. Soon after, continuous deformation networks revealed a new elongated intrusion in the southern flank, matching the south shifted position of the seismic swarm. This second dyke, with a thicker opening of 4.9 m, started from a depth of about ‐3 km (b.s.l.) but did not reach the ground surface. This proposed‐multi‐parametric modeling of continuous deformation data has therefore enabled disentangling the complexity of the real volcanic processes.
M. Aloisi; A. Bonaccorso; F. Cannavò; G. Currenti; S. Gambino. The 24 December 2018 Eruptive Intrusion at Etna Volcano as Revealed by Multidisciplinary Continuous Deformation Networks (CGPS, Borehole Strainmeters and Tiltmeters). Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 2020, 125, 1 .
AMA StyleM. Aloisi, A. Bonaccorso, F. Cannavò, G. Currenti, S. Gambino. The 24 December 2018 Eruptive Intrusion at Etna Volcano as Revealed by Multidisciplinary Continuous Deformation Networks (CGPS, Borehole Strainmeters and Tiltmeters). Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. 2020; 125 (8):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Aloisi; A. Bonaccorso; F. Cannavò; G. Currenti; S. Gambino. 2020. "The 24 December 2018 Eruptive Intrusion at Etna Volcano as Revealed by Multidisciplinary Continuous Deformation Networks (CGPS, Borehole Strainmeters and Tiltmeters)." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 125, no. 8: 1.
Vulcano is one of the 7 volcanic islands and 6 seamounts forming the Aeolian volcanic district (Italy). Vulcano has a long eruptive record, and its last eruption (1888–90) originated the definition of the Vulcanian eruptive style. Like most volcanic islands, Vulcano generates many potentially interconnected hazards, determining a potentially high risk. Here, we review the state of knowledge on its geology, eruptive activity, historical accounts, structural setting, geophysical and geochemical surveillance, and available hazard quantifications, in order to have an updated picture of the state knowledge on volcanic hazard. We follow a prototypal reviewing scheme, based on three standardized steps: i) review of the volcanic system; ii) review of available eruptive and non-eruptive hazard quantifications; iii) development of a conceptual interpretative model. We find that, while a rather vast literature is dedicated to the volcanic system of Vulcano and the reconstruction of past events, few quantitative hazard assessments exist. In addition, the range of natural variability considered for each hazard is potentially underestimated (e.g. limited range of considered eruption magnitude and style and of vent position), as it is the potential effect of multi-hazard impact. The developed conceptual model for the feeding system provides a synthetic picture of the present knowledge about the system, as emerged from the review. In addition, it allows for the identification of potential paths-to-eruption and provides a first order link among the main hazards. This review provides an up-to-date snapshot of existing knowledge on volcanic hazard at Vulcano on which to build future hazard quantifications as well as to support present and future decision making.
J. Selva; C. Bonadonna; S. Branca; G. De Astis; S. Gambino; A. Paonita; M. Pistolesi; T. Ricci; R. Sulpizio; A. Tibaldi; A. Ricciardi. Multiple hazards and paths to eruptions: A review of the volcanic system of Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy). Earth-Science Reviews 2020, 207, 103186 .
AMA StyleJ. Selva, C. Bonadonna, S. Branca, G. De Astis, S. Gambino, A. Paonita, M. Pistolesi, T. Ricci, R. Sulpizio, A. Tibaldi, A. Ricciardi. Multiple hazards and paths to eruptions: A review of the volcanic system of Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy). Earth-Science Reviews. 2020; 207 ():103186.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. Selva; C. Bonadonna; S. Branca; G. De Astis; S. Gambino; A. Paonita; M. Pistolesi; T. Ricci; R. Sulpizio; A. Tibaldi; A. Ricciardi. 2020. "Multiple hazards and paths to eruptions: A review of the volcanic system of Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy)." Earth-Science Reviews 207, no. : 103186.
We present the realization, installation, and first results of a three-axial Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) strain sensor prototype. This sensor has been developed in the framework of the Mediterranean supersite volcanoes (http://www.med-suv.eu, 2013) project and, in particular, with the aim at contributing to the study and monitoring of Etna volcano. The FBG sensor was installed in the facilities of the Serra La Nave Astrophysical Observatory (Catania, Italy) about 7 km south-west from the summit craters, at an elevation of about 1740 m. The three-axial device showed a dynamic range of some hundreds of microstrains with microstrain resolution (submicrostrain concerning the vertical component). That is a good trade-off among performances, cost, and power consumption. The sensor structure and its read-out system are innovative in their assembly and offers practical advantages in comparison with traditional strain meters. As a demonstration of the performances of our device, the data of about 28 months of operation are presented together with the records of some local, regional, and teleseismic events. The sensor along the vertical axis showed to be the best performing one, having a power spectral density of about -90 dB re. 1ε2/Hz around one day period.
E. Maccioni; U. Giacomelli; D. Carbone; S. Gambino; M. Orazi; R. Peluso; F. Sorrentino. Shallow bore-hole three-axial fiber Bragg grating strain sensor for Etna volcano monitoring. Review of Scientific Instruments 2019, 90, 094501 .
AMA StyleE. Maccioni, U. Giacomelli, D. Carbone, S. Gambino, M. Orazi, R. Peluso, F. Sorrentino. Shallow bore-hole three-axial fiber Bragg grating strain sensor for Etna volcano monitoring. Review of Scientific Instruments. 2019; 90 (9):094501.
Chicago/Turabian StyleE. Maccioni; U. Giacomelli; D. Carbone; S. Gambino; M. Orazi; R. Peluso; F. Sorrentino. 2019. "Shallow bore-hole three-axial fiber Bragg grating strain sensor for Etna volcano monitoring." Review of Scientific Instruments 90, no. 9: 094501.
After a period of mild eruptive activity, Stromboli showed between 2017 and 2018 a reawakening phase, with an increase in the eruptive activity starting in May 2017. The alert level of the volcano was raised from “green” (base) to “yellow” (attention) on 7 December 2017, and a small lava overflowed the crater rim on 15 December 2017. Between July 2017 and August 2018 the monitoring networks recorded nine major explosions, which are a serious hazard for Stromboli because they affect the summit area, crowded by tourists. We studied the 2017–2018 eruptive phase through the analysis of multidisciplinary data comprising thermal video-camera images, seismic, geodetic and geochemical data. We focused on the major explosion mechanism analyzing the well-recorded 1 December 2017 major explosion as a case study. We found that the 2017–2018 eruptive phase is consistent with a greater gas-rich magma supply in the shallow system. Furthermore, through the analysis of the case study major explosion, we identified precursory phases in the strainmeter and seismic data occurring 77 and 38 s before the explosive jet reached the eruptive vent, respectively. On the basis of these short-term precursors, we propose an automatic timely alarm system for major explosions at Stromboli volcano.
Flora Giudicepietro; Sonia Calvari; Salvatore Alparone; Francesca Bianco; Alessandro Bonaccorso; Valentina Bruno; Teresa Caputo; Antonio Cristaldi; Luca D’Auria; Walter De Cesare; Bellina Di Lieto; Antonietta M. Esposito; Salvatore Gambino; Salvatore Inguaggiato; Giovanni Macedonio; Marcello Martini; Mario Mattia; Massimo Orazi; Antonio Paonita; Rosario Peluso; Eugenio Privitera; Pierdomenico Romano; Giovanni Scarpato; Anna Tramelli; Fabio Vita. Integration of Ground-Based Remote-Sensing and In Situ Multidisciplinary Monitoring Data to Analyze the Eruptive Activity of Stromboli Volcano in 2017–2018. Remote Sensing 2019, 11, 1813 .
AMA StyleFlora Giudicepietro, Sonia Calvari, Salvatore Alparone, Francesca Bianco, Alessandro Bonaccorso, Valentina Bruno, Teresa Caputo, Antonio Cristaldi, Luca D’Auria, Walter De Cesare, Bellina Di Lieto, Antonietta M. Esposito, Salvatore Gambino, Salvatore Inguaggiato, Giovanni Macedonio, Marcello Martini, Mario Mattia, Massimo Orazi, Antonio Paonita, Rosario Peluso, Eugenio Privitera, Pierdomenico Romano, Giovanni Scarpato, Anna Tramelli, Fabio Vita. Integration of Ground-Based Remote-Sensing and In Situ Multidisciplinary Monitoring Data to Analyze the Eruptive Activity of Stromboli Volcano in 2017–2018. Remote Sensing. 2019; 11 (15):1813.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFlora Giudicepietro; Sonia Calvari; Salvatore Alparone; Francesca Bianco; Alessandro Bonaccorso; Valentina Bruno; Teresa Caputo; Antonio Cristaldi; Luca D’Auria; Walter De Cesare; Bellina Di Lieto; Antonietta M. Esposito; Salvatore Gambino; Salvatore Inguaggiato; Giovanni Macedonio; Marcello Martini; Mario Mattia; Massimo Orazi; Antonio Paonita; Rosario Peluso; Eugenio Privitera; Pierdomenico Romano; Giovanni Scarpato; Anna Tramelli; Fabio Vita. 2019. "Integration of Ground-Based Remote-Sensing and In Situ Multidisciplinary Monitoring Data to Analyze the Eruptive Activity of Stromboli Volcano in 2017–2018." Remote Sensing 11, no. 15: 1813.
Two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcolgenides (2D-TMDs) are among the most intriguing materials for next-generation electronic and optoelectronic devices. Albeit still at the embryonic stage, building thin films by manipulating and stacking preformed 2D nanosheets is now emerging as a practical and cost-effective bottom-up paradigm to obtain excellent electrical properties over large areas. Herein, we exploit the ultrathin morphology and outstanding solution stability of 2D WS2 colloidal nanocrystals to make thin films of TMDs assembled on a millimetre scale by a layer-by-layer deposition approach. We found that a room-temperature surface treatment with a superacid, performed with the precise scope of removing the native insulating surfactants, promotes in-plane assembly of the colloidal WS2 nanoflakes into stacks parallel to the substrate, along with healing of sulphur vacancies in the lattice that are detrimental to electrical conductivity. The as-obtained 2D WS2 thin films, characterized by a smooth and compact morphology, feature a high planar conductivity of up to 1 μS, comparable to the values reported for epitaxially grown WS2 monolayers, and enable photocurrent generation upon light irradiation over a wide range of visible to near-infrared frequencies.
Rosanna Mastria; Riccardo Scarfiello; Davide Altamura; Cinzia Giannini; Andrea Liscio; Alessandro Kovtun; Giuseppe Valerio Bianco; Giovanni Bruno; Vincenzo Grillo; Amir H. Tavabi; Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski; Concetta Nobile; Adriano Cola; P. Davide Cozzoli; Salvatore Gambino; Aurora Rizzo. In-plane Aligned Colloidal 2D WS2 Nanoflakes for Solution-Processable Thin Films with High Planar Conductivity. Scientific Reports 2019, 9, 9002 .
AMA StyleRosanna Mastria, Riccardo Scarfiello, Davide Altamura, Cinzia Giannini, Andrea Liscio, Alessandro Kovtun, Giuseppe Valerio Bianco, Giovanni Bruno, Vincenzo Grillo, Amir H. Tavabi, Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski, Concetta Nobile, Adriano Cola, P. Davide Cozzoli, Salvatore Gambino, Aurora Rizzo. In-plane Aligned Colloidal 2D WS2 Nanoflakes for Solution-Processable Thin Films with High Planar Conductivity. Scientific Reports. 2019; 9 (1):9002.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRosanna Mastria; Riccardo Scarfiello; Davide Altamura; Cinzia Giannini; Andrea Liscio; Alessandro Kovtun; Giuseppe Valerio Bianco; Giovanni Bruno; Vincenzo Grillo; Amir H. Tavabi; Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski; Concetta Nobile; Adriano Cola; P. Davide Cozzoli; Salvatore Gambino; Aurora Rizzo. 2019. "In-plane Aligned Colloidal 2D WS2 Nanoflakes for Solution-Processable Thin Films with High Planar Conductivity." Scientific Reports 9, no. 1: 9002.
Over the last few years, three tilt deep stations (27-30 meters) have been set up in the summit area of Mount Etna volcano. The aim of this challenging project is to record the ground deformations of the summit craters activity with high precision. We considered data related to the August 23-26, 2018, Strombolian and effusive activity. In this case, tiltmeters recorded variations in the order of 10−7 radians, not observed at the other stations. These changes suggest a shallow contraction source just south of the Southeast Crater. This result, related to the volcanic tremor source, points to the presence of a gas/magma reservoir feeding the Strombolian activity at 1200 m above sea level.
Salvatore Gambino; Marco Aloisi; Giuseppe Di Grazia; Giuseppe Falzone; Angelo Ferro; Giuseppe Laudani. Ground Deformation Detected by Permanent Tiltmeters on Mt. Etna Summit: The August 23-26, 2018, Strombolian and Effusive Activity Case. International Journal of Geophysics 2019, 2019, 1 -10.
AMA StyleSalvatore Gambino, Marco Aloisi, Giuseppe Di Grazia, Giuseppe Falzone, Angelo Ferro, Giuseppe Laudani. Ground Deformation Detected by Permanent Tiltmeters on Mt. Etna Summit: The August 23-26, 2018, Strombolian and Effusive Activity Case. International Journal of Geophysics. 2019; 2019 ():1-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalvatore Gambino; Marco Aloisi; Giuseppe Di Grazia; Giuseppe Falzone; Angelo Ferro; Giuseppe Laudani. 2019. "Ground Deformation Detected by Permanent Tiltmeters on Mt. Etna Summit: The August 23-26, 2018, Strombolian and Effusive Activity Case." International Journal of Geophysics 2019, no. : 1-10.
Vulcano Island is a composite volcanic edifice located in the south-central sector of the Aeolian Archipelago (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). Historic activity has been characterized by frequent transitions from phreatomagmatic to minor magmatic activity. The last eruption in 1888–90 saw powerful explosive pulses and this eruption defines what we call ‘vulcanian’ also for other volcanoes. Since then, volcanic activity has been in the form of fumarolic emanations of variable intensity and temperature, mainly concentrated at “La Fossa” crater. We investigated Vulcano dynamics through ca. 40 years of ground deformation and seismicity data collected by the discrete and continuous INGV monitoring networks. We considered levelling, GPS, EDM, seismic and tilt data. EDM and levelling measurements began in the middle of the 1970s; since the late 1990s, the EDM benchmarks have been measured using GPS. We performed a data inversion identifying, for the 1999–2013 period, the action of a deflating magmatic source, located under Vulcanello at 4–5 km a.s.l, just at the top of a wide regional tectonic tabular source. We analyzed data on time-space scales, distinguishing the dynamics of different sectors of Vulcano (Piano, Vulcanello, La Fossa cone and Caldera) and three periods (1974–1984, 1984–1999, 1999–2013) and the time evolution of the dynamics of the island. We also show how the regional tectonic stress plays an important role in the transition of the volcanic system from a phase of stability to one of unrest, inducing the heating and expansion of shallow hydrothermal fluids.
Salvatore Alparone; Alessandro Bonforte; Salvatore Gambino; Francesco Guglielmino; Francesco Obrizzo; Rosanna Velardita. Dynamics of Vulcano Island (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) investigated by long-term (40 years) geophysical data. Earth-Science Reviews 2019, 190, 521 -535.
AMA StyleSalvatore Alparone, Alessandro Bonforte, Salvatore Gambino, Francesco Guglielmino, Francesco Obrizzo, Rosanna Velardita. Dynamics of Vulcano Island (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) investigated by long-term (40 years) geophysical data. Earth-Science Reviews. 2019; 190 ():521-535.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalvatore Alparone; Alessandro Bonforte; Salvatore Gambino; Francesco Guglielmino; Francesco Obrizzo; Rosanna Velardita. 2019. "Dynamics of Vulcano Island (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) investigated by long-term (40 years) geophysical data." Earth-Science Reviews 190, no. : 521-535.
The seismic to geodetic moment ratio (Mo/MG) related to seven magma intrusion episodes, occurring at Mt. Etna volcano between 1981 and 2008, are considered. The lateral eruptions show a moment ratio of 0.04–0.06; meaning that only about 5% of the stress energy accumulated with ground deformation was released by earthquakes. Significantly higher values instead characterized vertical (0.25–0.50) and non-eruptive (0.17) dike intrusions. This paper proposes a simple relationship, in order to estimate, during the early phases of an eruption, the intruding magma volumes by the cumulative seismic moment (of the ongoing seismicity) and elapsed time.
Salvatore Gambino; Giovanni Distefano; Vincenza Maiolino; Stefano Gresta. Seismic vs. geodetic moments at Mt. Etna volcano: A tool for a rapid understanding the eruptive behaviour? Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 2018, 367, 1 -6.
AMA StyleSalvatore Gambino, Giovanni Distefano, Vincenza Maiolino, Stefano Gresta. Seismic vs. geodetic moments at Mt. Etna volcano: A tool for a rapid understanding the eruptive behaviour? Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 2018; 367 ():1-6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalvatore Gambino; Giovanni Distefano; Vincenza Maiolino; Stefano Gresta. 2018. "Seismic vs. geodetic moments at Mt. Etna volcano: A tool for a rapid understanding the eruptive behaviour?" Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 367, no. : 1-6.
A Fabry-Perot microcavity with a high quality Q-factor is an excellent tool to finely tune and narrow the emission spectrum of embedded organic dyes, leading also to a modification of the radiative emission rate (Purcell effect). For a real application of these properties in light emitting diodes and lasers, high Q-factors should be also provided in electrically-driven organic microcavities, that is still a challenge when organic materials are employed. Metallic contacts can be safely deposited onto organic layers, although they result in strong absorption losses. In this work, we successfully integrated an Organic LED architecture within specifically tailored metal-free electrically active Bragg mirrors, finely optimized to achieve simultaneously high reflectivity and good electrical properties. The resulting electroluminescent microcavity showed a Q-factor of more than 200 (emission linewidth of 2.7 nm at a peak wavelength of 555 nm) and a clear proof of the occurrence of Purcell effect leading to a decrease of exciton radiative lifetime by a factor above 6. Finally, we analysed the parameters that still limit the Q-factor of our architecture, paving the way for future improvements. The proposed approach can be exploited for the fabrication of novel monochromatic organic light sources for telecommunications or biological sensing and it represents an important step towards the realization of electrically driven organic lasers.
Armando Genco; Goffredo Giordano; Sonia Carallo; Gianluca Accorsi; Yu Duan; Salvatore Gambino; Marco Mazzeo. High quality factor microcavity OLED employing metal-free electrically active Bragg mirrors. Organic Electronics 2018, 62, 174 -180.
AMA StyleArmando Genco, Goffredo Giordano, Sonia Carallo, Gianluca Accorsi, Yu Duan, Salvatore Gambino, Marco Mazzeo. High quality factor microcavity OLED employing metal-free electrically active Bragg mirrors. Organic Electronics. 2018; 62 ():174-180.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArmando Genco; Goffredo Giordano; Sonia Carallo; Gianluca Accorsi; Yu Duan; Salvatore Gambino; Marco Mazzeo. 2018. "High quality factor microcavity OLED employing metal-free electrically active Bragg mirrors." Organic Electronics 62, no. : 174-180.
Fully integrated electrochromic organic light emitting diode devices for building integration and smart lighting.
Pierluigi Cossari; Marco Pugliese; Salvatore Gambino; Alessandro Cannavale; Vincenzo Maiorano; Giuseppe Gigli; Marco Mazzeo. Fully integrated electrochromic-OLED devices for highly transparent smart glasses. Journal of Materials Chemistry C 2018, 6, 7274 -7284.
AMA StylePierluigi Cossari, Marco Pugliese, Salvatore Gambino, Alessandro Cannavale, Vincenzo Maiorano, Giuseppe Gigli, Marco Mazzeo. Fully integrated electrochromic-OLED devices for highly transparent smart glasses. Journal of Materials Chemistry C. 2018; 6 (27):7274-7284.
Chicago/Turabian StylePierluigi Cossari; Marco Pugliese; Salvatore Gambino; Alessandro Cannavale; Vincenzo Maiorano; Giuseppe Gigli; Marco Mazzeo. 2018. "Fully integrated electrochromic-OLED devices for highly transparent smart glasses." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6, no. 27: 7274-7284.
Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) are emerging as possible alternative constituent materials to replace noble metals such as silver and gold for low-loss plasmonic applications in the near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) regimes. In particular, TCO-based nanostructures are extensively investigated for biospectroscopy exploiting their surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA). The latter enhances the absorption from vibrational and rotational modes of nearby biomolecules, making TCO nanostructures a promising candidate for IR sensing applications. Nevertheless, in order to produce inexpensive devices for lab-on-a-chip diagnostics, it would be favorable to achieve surface-enhanced infrared absorption with very simple microstructures not requiring nanosize control. In this work, we attempt to demonstrate a SEIRA effect with the least challenging fabrication, μm-scale instead of nm-scale, by tailoring both device design and charge density of the indium tin oxide (ITO) film. We show that microperiodic hole arrays in a ITO film are able to produce SEIRA via grating coupling. Such a study opens the way for innovative and disrupting biosensing devices.
Fausto D’Apuzzo; Marco Esposito; Massimo Cuscunà; Alessandro Cannavale; Salvatore Gambino; Giuseppe Emanuele Lio; Antonio De Luca; Giuseppe Gigli; Stefano Lupi. Mid-Infrared Plasmonic Excitation in Indium Tin Oxide Microhole Arrays. ACS Photonics 2018, 5, 2431 -2436.
AMA StyleFausto D’Apuzzo, Marco Esposito, Massimo Cuscunà, Alessandro Cannavale, Salvatore Gambino, Giuseppe Emanuele Lio, Antonio De Luca, Giuseppe Gigli, Stefano Lupi. Mid-Infrared Plasmonic Excitation in Indium Tin Oxide Microhole Arrays. ACS Photonics. 2018; 5 (6):2431-2436.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFausto D’Apuzzo; Marco Esposito; Massimo Cuscunà; Alessandro Cannavale; Salvatore Gambino; Giuseppe Emanuele Lio; Antonio De Luca; Giuseppe Gigli; Stefano Lupi. 2018. "Mid-Infrared Plasmonic Excitation in Indium Tin Oxide Microhole Arrays." ACS Photonics 5, no. 6: 2431-2436.
Colloidal one-dimensional carved nanocrystals of tungsten oxide are successfully integrated into perovskite solar cells by facile solution-cast-only deposition at room temperature.
Sofia Masi; Rosanna Mastria; Riccardo Scarfiello; Sonia Carallo; Concetta Nobile; Salvatore Gambino; Teresa Sibillano; Cinzia Giannini; Silvia Colella; Andrea Listorti; P. Davide Cozzoli; Aurora Rizzo. Room-temperature processed films of colloidal carved rod-shaped nanocrystals of reduced tungsten oxide as interlayers for perovskite solar cells. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 2018, 20, 11396 -11404.
AMA StyleSofia Masi, Rosanna Mastria, Riccardo Scarfiello, Sonia Carallo, Concetta Nobile, Salvatore Gambino, Teresa Sibillano, Cinzia Giannini, Silvia Colella, Andrea Listorti, P. Davide Cozzoli, Aurora Rizzo. Room-temperature processed films of colloidal carved rod-shaped nanocrystals of reduced tungsten oxide as interlayers for perovskite solar cells. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 2018; 20 (16):11396-11404.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSofia Masi; Rosanna Mastria; Riccardo Scarfiello; Sonia Carallo; Concetta Nobile; Salvatore Gambino; Teresa Sibillano; Cinzia Giannini; Silvia Colella; Andrea Listorti; P. Davide Cozzoli; Aurora Rizzo. 2018. "Room-temperature processed films of colloidal carved rod-shaped nanocrystals of reduced tungsten oxide as interlayers for perovskite solar cells." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 16: 11396-11404.
Laura Cammarata; Stefano Catalano; Salvatore Gambino; Mimmo Palano; Francesco Pavano; Gino Romagnoli; Antonio Scaltrito; Giuseppe Tortorici. Seismological and structural constraints on the 2011–2013, Mmax 4.6 seismic sequence at the south-eastern edge of the Calabrian arc (North-eastern Sicily, Italy). Tectonophysics 2018, 723, 56 -67.
AMA StyleLaura Cammarata, Stefano Catalano, Salvatore Gambino, Mimmo Palano, Francesco Pavano, Gino Romagnoli, Antonio Scaltrito, Giuseppe Tortorici. Seismological and structural constraints on the 2011–2013, Mmax 4.6 seismic sequence at the south-eastern edge of the Calabrian arc (North-eastern Sicily, Italy). Tectonophysics. 2018; 723 ():56-67.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaura Cammarata; Stefano Catalano; Salvatore Gambino; Mimmo Palano; Francesco Pavano; Gino Romagnoli; Antonio Scaltrito; Giuseppe Tortorici. 2018. "Seismological and structural constraints on the 2011–2013, Mmax 4.6 seismic sequence at the south-eastern edge of the Calabrian arc (North-eastern Sicily, Italy)." Tectonophysics 723, no. : 56-67.
Salvatore Gambino; Antonio Scaltrito. Volcanic-tectonic seismicity at Stromboli (2005–2016). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 2018, 350, 1 -6.
AMA StyleSalvatore Gambino, Antonio Scaltrito. Volcanic-tectonic seismicity at Stromboli (2005–2016). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 2018; 350 ():1-6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalvatore Gambino; Antonio Scaltrito. 2018. "Volcanic-tectonic seismicity at Stromboli (2005–2016)." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 350, no. : 1-6.
Damien Gaudin; Tullio Ricci; Anthony Finizola; Eric Delcher; Salvatore Alparone; Stéphanie Barde-Cabusson; Elodie Brothelande; Fabio Di Gangi; Salvatore Gambino; Salvatore Inguaggiato; Vincenzo Milluzzo; Aline Peltier; Fabio Vita. Heat flux-based strategies for the thermal monitoring of sub-fumarolic areas: Examples from Vulcano and La Soufrière de Guadeloupe. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 2017, 343, 122 -134.
AMA StyleDamien Gaudin, Tullio Ricci, Anthony Finizola, Eric Delcher, Salvatore Alparone, Stéphanie Barde-Cabusson, Elodie Brothelande, Fabio Di Gangi, Salvatore Gambino, Salvatore Inguaggiato, Vincenzo Milluzzo, Aline Peltier, Fabio Vita. Heat flux-based strategies for the thermal monitoring of sub-fumarolic areas: Examples from Vulcano and La Soufrière de Guadeloupe. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 2017; 343 ():122-134.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDamien Gaudin; Tullio Ricci; Anthony Finizola; Eric Delcher; Salvatore Alparone; Stéphanie Barde-Cabusson; Elodie Brothelande; Fabio Di Gangi; Salvatore Gambino; Salvatore Inguaggiato; Vincenzo Milluzzo; Aline Peltier; Fabio Vita. 2017. "Heat flux-based strategies for the thermal monitoring of sub-fumarolic areas: Examples from Vulcano and La Soufrière de Guadeloupe." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 343, no. : 122-134.
In this paper, we analysed 3-component seismic signals recorded during 27 November 2016 - 10 January 2017 by two stations installed in Tethys Bay (Victoria Land, Antarctica), close to Mario Zucchelli Station. Due to the low noise levels, it was possible to identify three different kinds of signals: teleseismic earthquakes, microseisms, and icequakes.We focus on the latter two. A statistically significant relationship was found between microseism amplitude and both wind speed and sea swell. Thus, we suggest that the recorded microseism data are caused by waves at the shore close to the seismic stations rather than in the deep ocean during storms. In addition, we detected three icequakes, with dominant low frequencies (below 2 Hz), located in the David Glacier area with local magnitude of 2.4-2.6. These events were likely to have been generated at the rock–ice interface under the glacier. This work shows how seismic signals recorded in Antarctica provide insights on the interactions between the atmosphere-cryosphere-hydrosphere. Since climate patterns drive these interactions, investigations on Antarctic seismic signals could serve as a proxy indicator for estimating climate changes.
Andrea Cannata; Graziano LaRocca; Paola Del Carlo; Gaetano Giudice; Giovanni Giuffrida; Marco Liuzzo; Luciano Zuccarello; Giuseppe Di Grazia; Salvatore Gambino; Eugenio Privitera; Alberto Delladio; Paolo Grigioni. Characterization of seismic signals recorded in Tethys Bay, Victoria Land (Antarctica): data from atmosphere-cryosphere-hydrosphere interaction. Annals of Geophysics 2017, 60, 0555 .
AMA StyleAndrea Cannata, Graziano LaRocca, Paola Del Carlo, Gaetano Giudice, Giovanni Giuffrida, Marco Liuzzo, Luciano Zuccarello, Giuseppe Di Grazia, Salvatore Gambino, Eugenio Privitera, Alberto Delladio, Paolo Grigioni. Characterization of seismic signals recorded in Tethys Bay, Victoria Land (Antarctica): data from atmosphere-cryosphere-hydrosphere interaction. Annals of Geophysics. 2017; 60 (5):0555.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrea Cannata; Graziano LaRocca; Paola Del Carlo; Gaetano Giudice; Giovanni Giuffrida; Marco Liuzzo; Luciano Zuccarello; Giuseppe Di Grazia; Salvatore Gambino; Eugenio Privitera; Alberto Delladio; Paolo Grigioni. 2017. "Characterization of seismic signals recorded in Tethys Bay, Victoria Land (Antarctica): data from atmosphere-cryosphere-hydrosphere interaction." Annals of Geophysics 60, no. 5: 0555.
Salvatore Gambino; Laura Cammarata. Tilt measurements on volcanoes: more than a hundred years of recordings. Italian Journal of Geosciences 2017, 136, 275 -295.
AMA StyleSalvatore Gambino, Laura Cammarata. Tilt measurements on volcanoes: more than a hundred years of recordings. Italian Journal of Geosciences. 2017; 136 (2):275-295.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalvatore Gambino; Laura Cammarata. 2017. "Tilt measurements on volcanoes: more than a hundred years of recordings." Italian Journal of Geosciences 136, no. 2: 275-295.