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A debate is ongoing on the significance and appropriateness of the NOVA classification as a tool for categorizing foods based on their degree of processing. As such, the role of ultra-processed food (UPF) on human health is still not completely understood. With this review, we aimed to investigate the actual level of consumption of UPF across countries and target populations to determine the impact in real contexts. Suitable articles published up to March 2021 were sourced through the PubMed and SCOPUS databases. Overall, 99 studies providing data on the level of UPF consumption expressed as the percentage of total energy intake were identified, for a total of 1,378,454 participants. Most of them were published in Brazil (n = 38) and the United States (n = 15), and the 24 h recall was the most-used tool (n = 63). Analysis of the results revealed that the United States and the United Kingdom were the countries with the highest percent energy intake from UPF (generally >50%), whereas Italy had the lowest levels (about 10%); the latter was inversely associated with adherence to the Mediterranean diet. High variability was also observed based on sex, age, and body mass index, with men, young people, and overweight/obese subjects generally having higher levels of consumption compared to older subjects. Overall, our findings underline the large differences in UPF intake. Since most of the observations derived from studies conducted with food questionnaires are not specifically validated for UPF, further efforts are essential to confirm the results previously obtained and to investigate further the association between UPF consumption and health status, also considering the actual contribution within different dietary patterns, which has been less investigated to date.
Mirko Marino; Federica Puppo; Cristian Del Bo’; Valentina Vinelli; Patrizia Riso; Marisa Porrini; Daniela Martini. A Systematic Review of Worldwide Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods: Findings and Criticisms. Nutrients 2021, 13, 2778 .
AMA StyleMirko Marino, Federica Puppo, Cristian Del Bo’, Valentina Vinelli, Patrizia Riso, Marisa Porrini, Daniela Martini. A Systematic Review of Worldwide Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods: Findings and Criticisms. Nutrients. 2021; 13 (8):2778.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMirko Marino; Federica Puppo; Cristian Del Bo’; Valentina Vinelli; Patrizia Riso; Marisa Porrini; Daniela Martini. 2021. "A Systematic Review of Worldwide Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods: Findings and Criticisms." Nutrients 13, no. 8: 2778.
The effect of coffee and cocoa on oxidative damage to macromolecules has been investigated in several studies, often with controversial results. This study aimed to investigate the effect of one-month consumption of different doses of coffee or cocoa-based products containing coffee on markers of DNA damage and lipid peroxidation in young healthy volunteers. Twenty-one volunteers were randomly assigned into a three-arm, crossover, randomized trial. Subjects were assigned to consume one of the three following treatments: one cup of espresso coffee/day (1C), three cups of espresso coffee/day (3C), and one cup of espresso coffee plus two cocoa-based products containing coffee (PC) twice per day for 1 month. At the end of each treatment, blood samples were collected for the analysis of endogenous and H2O2-induced DNA damage and DNA oxidation catabolites, while urines were used for the analysis of oxylipins. On the whole, four DNA catabolites (cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), 8-OH-2′-deoxy-guanosine, 8-OH-guanine, and 8-NO2-cGMP) were detected in plasma samples following the one-month intervention. No significant modulation of DNA and lipid damage markers was documented among groups, apart from an effect of time for DNA strand breaks and some markers of lipid peroxidation. In conclusion, the consumption of coffee and cocoa-based confectionery containing coffee was apparently not able to affect oxidative stress markers. More studies are encouraged to better explain the findings obtained and to understand the impact of different dosages of these products on specific target groups.
Daniela Martini; Raúl Domínguez-Perles; Alice Rosi; Michele Tassotti; Donato Angelino; Sonia Medina; Cristian Ricci; Alexandre Guy; Camille Oger; Letizia Gigliotti; Thierry Durand; Mirko Marino; Hans Gottfried-Genieser; Marisa Porrini; Monica Antonini; Alessandra Dei Cas; Riccardo Bonadonna; Federico Ferreres; Francesca Scazzina; Furio Brighenti; Patrizia Riso; Cristian Del Bo’; Pedro Mena; Angel Gil-Izquierdo; Daniele Del Rio. Effect of Coffee and Cocoa-Based Confectionery Containing Coffee on Markers of DNA Damage and Lipid Peroxidation Products: Results from a Human Intervention Study. Nutrients 2021, 13, 2399 .
AMA StyleDaniela Martini, Raúl Domínguez-Perles, Alice Rosi, Michele Tassotti, Donato Angelino, Sonia Medina, Cristian Ricci, Alexandre Guy, Camille Oger, Letizia Gigliotti, Thierry Durand, Mirko Marino, Hans Gottfried-Genieser, Marisa Porrini, Monica Antonini, Alessandra Dei Cas, Riccardo Bonadonna, Federico Ferreres, Francesca Scazzina, Furio Brighenti, Patrizia Riso, Cristian Del Bo’, Pedro Mena, Angel Gil-Izquierdo, Daniele Del Rio. Effect of Coffee and Cocoa-Based Confectionery Containing Coffee on Markers of DNA Damage and Lipid Peroxidation Products: Results from a Human Intervention Study. Nutrients. 2021; 13 (7):2399.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniela Martini; Raúl Domínguez-Perles; Alice Rosi; Michele Tassotti; Donato Angelino; Sonia Medina; Cristian Ricci; Alexandre Guy; Camille Oger; Letizia Gigliotti; Thierry Durand; Mirko Marino; Hans Gottfried-Genieser; Marisa Porrini; Monica Antonini; Alessandra Dei Cas; Riccardo Bonadonna; Federico Ferreres; Francesca Scazzina; Furio Brighenti; Patrizia Riso; Cristian Del Bo’; Pedro Mena; Angel Gil-Izquierdo; Daniele Del Rio. 2021. "Effect of Coffee and Cocoa-Based Confectionery Containing Coffee on Markers of DNA Damage and Lipid Peroxidation Products: Results from a Human Intervention Study." Nutrients 13, no. 7: 2399.
Food choices and eating behaviours have a large impact on both human and planetary health. Recently, the Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations and the World Health Organisation have developed a list of 16 guiding principles to achieve sustainable healthy diets (SHDs). They proposed that development of food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) should be a core element in the implementation of these SHDs in each country. The objective of this review is to explore the degree of alignment of current FBDGs to these guiding principles. A total of 43 FBDGs, written or translated into English, were collected from the online repository developed by the FAO and were analysed for their adherence to each of the guiding principles. Results were stratified for period of publication and geographical macro-area. Overall, there were high levels of inclusion of the factors related to health outcomes, especially in the most recent FBDGs. Conversely, environmental impact and socio-cultural aspects of diet were considered less frequently, especially in the older FBDGs. These results highlight the importance of revising FBDGs, especially to include emerging topics which represent the areas with the highest scope for improvement in the future versions of FBDGs. Replication of the present study in the coming years will be worthwhile to monitor improvements in the adherence of global FBDGs to the guiding principles of SHDs. The attainment of such a goal could promote a more rapid transition towards SHDs, as well as highlighting pivotal research trajectories to increase adoption and evaluate the impact on the food system.
Daniela Martini; Massimiliano Tucci; James Bradfield; Antonio Di Giorgio; Mirko Marino; Cristian Del Bo'; Marisa Porrini; Patrizia Riso. Principles of Sustainable Healthy Diets in Worldwide Dietary Guidelines: Efforts So Far and Future Perspectives. Nutrients 2021, 13, 1827 .
AMA StyleDaniela Martini, Massimiliano Tucci, James Bradfield, Antonio Di Giorgio, Mirko Marino, Cristian Del Bo', Marisa Porrini, Patrizia Riso. Principles of Sustainable Healthy Diets in Worldwide Dietary Guidelines: Efforts So Far and Future Perspectives. Nutrients. 2021; 13 (6):1827.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniela Martini; Massimiliano Tucci; James Bradfield; Antonio Di Giorgio; Mirko Marino; Cristian Del Bo'; Marisa Porrini; Patrizia Riso. 2021. "Principles of Sustainable Healthy Diets in Worldwide Dietary Guidelines: Efforts So Far and Future Perspectives." Nutrients 13, no. 6: 1827.
The use of DNA damage as marker of oxidative stress, metabolic dysfunction and age-related diseases is debated. The present study aimed at assessing the level of DNA damage (evaluated as DNA strand-breaks, endogenous and oxidatively-induced DNA damage) in a group of older subjects with intestinal permeability enrolled within the MaPLE (Gut and Blood Microbiomics for Studying the Effect of a Polyphenol-Rich Dietary Pattern on Intestinal Permeability in the Elderly) intervention trial, to evaluate its association with clinical, metabolic and dietary markers. DNA damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was assessed by the comet assay in 49 older subjects participating in the study. Clinical and metabolic markers, markers of inflammation, vascular function and intestinal permeability were determined in serum. Food intake was estimated by weighted food diaries. On the whole, a trend towards higher levels of DNA damage was observed in men compared to women (p = 0.071). A positive association between DNA damage and clinical/metabolic markers (e.g., uric acid, lipid profile) and an inverse association with dietary markers (e.g., vitamin C, E, B6, folates) were found and differed based on sex. By considering the importance of DNA stability during aging, the results obtained on sex differences and the potential role of dietary and metabolic factors on DNA damage underline the need for further investigations in a larger group of older adults to confirm the associations found and to promote preventive strategies.
Cristian Del Bo’; Daniela Martini; Stefano Bernardi; Letizia Gigliotti; Mirko Marino; Giorgio Gargari; Tomas Meroño; Nicole Hidalgo-Liberona; Cristina Andres-Lacueva; Paul Kroon; Antonio Cherubini; Simone Guglielmetti; Marisa Porrini; Patrizia Riso. Association between Food Intake, Clinical and Metabolic Markers and DNA Damage in Older Subjects. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 730 .
AMA StyleCristian Del Bo’, Daniela Martini, Stefano Bernardi, Letizia Gigliotti, Mirko Marino, Giorgio Gargari, Tomas Meroño, Nicole Hidalgo-Liberona, Cristina Andres-Lacueva, Paul Kroon, Antonio Cherubini, Simone Guglielmetti, Marisa Porrini, Patrizia Riso. Association between Food Intake, Clinical and Metabolic Markers and DNA Damage in Older Subjects. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (5):730.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCristian Del Bo’; Daniela Martini; Stefano Bernardi; Letizia Gigliotti; Mirko Marino; Giorgio Gargari; Tomas Meroño; Nicole Hidalgo-Liberona; Cristina Andres-Lacueva; Paul Kroon; Antonio Cherubini; Simone Guglielmetti; Marisa Porrini; Patrizia Riso. 2021. "Association between Food Intake, Clinical and Metabolic Markers and DNA Damage in Older Subjects." Antioxidants 10, no. 5: 730.
There is an urgent need to promote healthy and sustainable diets that are tailored to the preferences and cultures of different populations. The present study aimed to (i) define a Mediterranean dietary pattern in line with the EAT-Lancet Commission reference diet (ELCRD), based on 2500 kcal/day and adapted to the Italian food habits (EAT-IT); (ii) develop a mid/long-term dietary plan based on EAT-IT and a dietary plan based on the Italian Dietary Guidelines (IDG); (iii) compare the two dietary plans in terms of portions, frequencies of consumption, and nutritional adequacy based on the nutrient and energy recommendations for the Italian adult population. The main differences between the two plans were related to the higher amount of fruit and vegetables in the IDG compared to the EAT-IT, while the EAT-IT plan was higher in nuts and legumes, which represent the main protein sources in the ELCRD. Differences in the protein sources, especially milk and derivatives, and for cereal-based foods, were also found. Dietary plans were comparable for most nutrients, except for higher energy from lipids and vegetal protein, a higher amount of fiber, and lower levels of calcium that were evidenced for the EAT-IT dietary plan compared to the IDG-based one. In conclusion, the analysis of the EAT-IT demonstrated certain nutritional issues. It remains to be determined whether this may represent a health concern in further studies aimed at investigating the feasibility of sustainable dietary patterns.
Massimiliano Tucci; Daniela Martini; Cristian Del Bo’; Mirko Marino; Alberto Battezzati; Simona Bertoli; Marisa Porrini; Patrizia Riso. An Italian-Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Developed Based on the EAT-Lancet Reference Diet (EAT-IT): A Nutritional Evaluation. Foods 2021, 10, 558 .
AMA StyleMassimiliano Tucci, Daniela Martini, Cristian Del Bo’, Mirko Marino, Alberto Battezzati, Simona Bertoli, Marisa Porrini, Patrizia Riso. An Italian-Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Developed Based on the EAT-Lancet Reference Diet (EAT-IT): A Nutritional Evaluation. Foods. 2021; 10 (3):558.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMassimiliano Tucci; Daniela Martini; Cristian Del Bo’; Mirko Marino; Alberto Battezzati; Simona Bertoli; Marisa Porrini; Patrizia Riso. 2021. "An Italian-Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Developed Based on the EAT-Lancet Reference Diet (EAT-IT): A Nutritional Evaluation." Foods 10, no. 3: 558.
Summary Background & aim Increased intestinal permeability (IP) can occur in older people and contribute to the activation of the immune system and inflammation. Dietary interventions may represent a potential strategy to reduce IP. In this regard, specific food bioactives such as polyphenols have been proposed as potential IP modulator due to their ability to affect several critical targets and pathways that control IP. The trial aimed to test the hypothesis that a polyphenol-rich dietary pattern can decrease serum zonulin levels, an IP surrogate marker involved in tight junction modulation, and can beneficially alter the intestinal microbiota, and IP-associated biochemical and clinical markers in older subjects. Methods A randomised, controlled, cross-over intervention trial was performed. Sixty-six subjects (aged ≥ 60 y) with increased IP based on serum zonulin levels, were randomly allocated to one of the two arms of the intervention consisting of a control diet (C-diet) vs. a polyphenol-rich diet (PR-diet). Each intervention was 8-week long and separated by an 8-week wash out period. At the beginning and at the end of each intervention period, serum samples were collected for the quantification of zonulin and other biological markers. Faecal samples were also collected to investigate the intestinal microbial ecosystem. In addition, anthropometrical/physical/biochemical parameters and food intake were evaluated. Results Fifty-one subjects successfully completed the intervention and a high compliance to the dietary protocols was demonstrated. Overall, polyphenol intake significantly increased from a mean of 812 mg/day in the C diet to 1391 mg/day in the PR-diet. Two-way analysis of variance showed a significant effect of treatment (p = 0.008) and treatment × time interaction (p = 0.025) on serum zonulin levels, which decreased after the 8-week PR-diet. In addition, a treatment × time interaction was observed showing a reduction of diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.028) following the PR-diet, which was strongest in those not using antihypertensive drugs. A decrease in both diastolic (p = 0.043) and systolic blood pressure (p = 0.042) was observed in women. Interestingly, a significant increase in fibre-fermenting and butyrate-producing bacteria such as the family Ruminococcaceae and members of the genus Faecalibacterium was observed following the PR intervention. The efficacy of this dietary intervention was greater in subjects with higher serum zonulin at baseline, who showed more pronounced alterations in the markers under study. Furthermore, zonulin reduction was also stronger among subjects with higher body mass index and with insulin resistance at baseline, thus demonstrating the close interplay between IP and metabolic features. Conclusions These data show, for the first time, that a PR-diet can reduce serum zonulin levels, an indirect marker of IP. In addition, PR-diet reduced blood pressure and increased fibre-fermenting and butyrate-producing bacteria. These findings may represent an initial breakthrough for further intervention studies evaluating possible dietary treatments for the management of IP, inflammation and gut function in different target populations. This study was registered at www.isrctn.org as ISRCTN10214981.
Cristian Del Bo'; Stefano Bernardi; Antonio Cherubini; Marisa Porrini; Giorgio Gargari; Nicole Hidalgo-Liberona; Raúl González-Domínguez; Raul Zamora-Ros; Gregorio Peron; Mirko Marino; Letizia Gigliotti; Mark S. Winterbone; Benjamin Kirkup; Paul A. Kroon; Cristina Andres-Lacueva; Simone Guglielmetti; Patrizia Riso. A polyphenol-rich dietary pattern improves intestinal permeability, evaluated as serum zonulin levels, in older subjects: The MaPLE randomised controlled trial. Clinical Nutrition 2020, 40, 3006 -3018.
AMA StyleCristian Del Bo', Stefano Bernardi, Antonio Cherubini, Marisa Porrini, Giorgio Gargari, Nicole Hidalgo-Liberona, Raúl González-Domínguez, Raul Zamora-Ros, Gregorio Peron, Mirko Marino, Letizia Gigliotti, Mark S. Winterbone, Benjamin Kirkup, Paul A. Kroon, Cristina Andres-Lacueva, Simone Guglielmetti, Patrizia Riso. A polyphenol-rich dietary pattern improves intestinal permeability, evaluated as serum zonulin levels, in older subjects: The MaPLE randomised controlled trial. Clinical Nutrition. 2020; 40 (5):3006-3018.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCristian Del Bo'; Stefano Bernardi; Antonio Cherubini; Marisa Porrini; Giorgio Gargari; Nicole Hidalgo-Liberona; Raúl González-Domínguez; Raul Zamora-Ros; Gregorio Peron; Mirko Marino; Letizia Gigliotti; Mark S. Winterbone; Benjamin Kirkup; Paul A. Kroon; Cristina Andres-Lacueva; Simone Guglielmetti; Patrizia Riso. 2020. "A polyphenol-rich dietary pattern improves intestinal permeability, evaluated as serum zonulin levels, in older subjects: The MaPLE randomised controlled trial." Clinical Nutrition 40, no. 5: 3006-3018.
In recent years, the increasing number of studies on polyphenol demonstrates the efforts in elucidating the potential role of these bioactives on human health. This study reviews the main topics and characteristics of clinical trials on polyphenols registered over the last 20 years, in order to track past and current efforts as well as to highlight the main research gaps in this field. The review was conducted by collecting trials registered in ClinicalTrials.gov and International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) registry. Overall, 750 clinical trials were selected and included in the final evaluation. Most of the trials were performed on extracts or pure compounds followed by studies conducted on polyphenol-rich foods, in particular berries. A total of 520 clinical trials focused on health effects, 55 on bioavailability, and 175 on both. Regarding outcomes, 139 registered intervention studies had the lipid profile and blood pressure as primary outcomes. The overview provided by this analysis also emphasizes the emerging interest in new outcomes related to polyphenols intervention such as microbiota composition and the evaluation of inter-individual variability in response to the intake of polyphenols. Our review underlines the need of further trials covering unexplored or debated research aspects and provides insights for the design and development of future intervention studies and related research areas.
Mirko Marino; Cristian Del Bo’; Daniela Martini; Marisa Porrini; Patrizia Riso. A Review of Registered Clinical Trials on Dietary (Poly)Phenols: Past Efforts and Possible Future Directions. Foods 2020, 9, 1606 .
AMA StyleMirko Marino, Cristian Del Bo’, Daniela Martini, Marisa Porrini, Patrizia Riso. A Review of Registered Clinical Trials on Dietary (Poly)Phenols: Past Efforts and Possible Future Directions. Foods. 2020; 9 (11):1606.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMirko Marino; Cristian Del Bo’; Daniela Martini; Marisa Porrini; Patrizia Riso. 2020. "A Review of Registered Clinical Trials on Dietary (Poly)Phenols: Past Efforts and Possible Future Directions." Foods 9, no. 11: 1606.
The comet assay is a popular assay in biomonitoring studies. DNA strand breaks (or unspecific DNA lesions) are measured using the standard comet assay. Oxidative stress-generated DNA lesions can be measured by employing DNA repair enzymes to recognise oxidatively damaged DNA. Unfortunately, there has been a tendency to fail to report results from assay controls (or maybe even not to employ assay controls). We believe this might have been due to uncertainty as to what really constitutes a positive control. It should go without saying that a biomonitoring study cannot have a positive control group as it is unethical to expose healthy humans to DNA damaging (and thus potentially carcinogenic) agents. However, it is possible to include assay controls in the analysis (here meant as a cryopreserved sample of cells i.e. included in each experiment as a reference sample). In the present report we tested potassium bromate (KBrO3) as a positive comet assay control for the formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg)-modified comet assay. Ten laboratories used the same procedure for treatment of monocytic THP-1 cells with KBrO3 (0.5, 1.5 and 4.5 mM for 1 h at 37°C) and subsequent cryopreservation. Results from one laboratory were excluded in the statistical analysis because of technical issues in the Fpg-modified comet assay. All other laboratories found a concentration–response relationship in cryopreserved samples (regression coefficients from 0.80 to 0.98), although with different slopes ranging from 1.25 to 11.9 Fpg-sensitive sites (%DNA in tail) per 1 mM KBrO3. Our results demonstrate that KBrO3 is a suitable positive comet assay control.
Peter Møller; Damian Muruzabal; Tamara Bakuradze; Elke Richling; Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu; Helga Stopper; Sabine A S Langie; Amaya Azqueta; Annie Jensen; Francesca Scavone; Lisa Giovannelli; Maria Wojewódzka; Marcin Kruszewski; Vanessa Valdiglesias; Blanca Laffon; Carla Costa; Solange Costa; João Paulo Teixeira; Mirko Marino; Cristian Del Bo’; Patrizia Riso; Sergey Shaposhnikov; Andrew Collins. Potassium bromate as positive assay control for the Fpg-modified comet assay. Mutagenesis 2020, 35, 341 -348.
AMA StylePeter Møller, Damian Muruzabal, Tamara Bakuradze, Elke Richling, Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu, Helga Stopper, Sabine A S Langie, Amaya Azqueta, Annie Jensen, Francesca Scavone, Lisa Giovannelli, Maria Wojewódzka, Marcin Kruszewski, Vanessa Valdiglesias, Blanca Laffon, Carla Costa, Solange Costa, João Paulo Teixeira, Mirko Marino, Cristian Del Bo’, Patrizia Riso, Sergey Shaposhnikov, Andrew Collins. Potassium bromate as positive assay control for the Fpg-modified comet assay. Mutagenesis. 2020; 35 (4):341-348.
Chicago/Turabian StylePeter Møller; Damian Muruzabal; Tamara Bakuradze; Elke Richling; Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu; Helga Stopper; Sabine A S Langie; Amaya Azqueta; Annie Jensen; Francesca Scavone; Lisa Giovannelli; Maria Wojewódzka; Marcin Kruszewski; Vanessa Valdiglesias; Blanca Laffon; Carla Costa; Solange Costa; João Paulo Teixeira; Mirko Marino; Cristian Del Bo’; Patrizia Riso; Sergey Shaposhnikov; Andrew Collins. 2020. "Potassium bromate as positive assay control for the Fpg-modified comet assay." Mutagenesis 35, no. 4: 341-348.
The present study aims to evaluate the ability of peonidin and petunidin-3-glucoside (Peo-3-glc and Pet-3-glc) and their metabolites (vanillic acid; VA and methyl-gallic acid; MetGA), to prevent monocyte (THP-1) adhesion to endothelial cells (HUVECs), and to reduce the production of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, E-selectin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in a stimulated pro-inflammatory environment, a pivotal step of atherogenesis. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α; 100 ng mL−1) was used to stimulate the adhesion of labelled monocytes (THP-1) to endothelial cells (HUVECs). Successively, different concentrations of Peo-3-glc and Pet-3-glc (0.02 µM, 0.2 µM, 2 µM and 20 µM), VA and MetGA (0.05 µM, 0.5 µM, 5 µM and 50 µM) were tested. After 24 h, VCAM-1, E-selectin and VEGF were quantified by ELISA, while the adhesion process was measured spectrophotometrically. Peo-3-glc and Pet-3-glc (from 0.02 µM to 20 µM) significantly (p < 0.0001) decreased THP-1 adhesion to HUVECs at all concentrations (−37%, −24%, −30% and −47% for Peo-3-glc; −37%, −33%, −33% and −45% for Pet-3-glc). VA, but not MetGA, reduced the adhesion process at 50 µM (−21%; p < 0.001). At the same concentrations, a significant (p < 0.0001) reduction of E-selectin, but not VCAM-1, was documented. In addition, anthocyanins and their metabolites significantly decreased (p < 0.001) VEGF production. The present findings suggest that while Peo-3-glc and Pet-3-glc (but not their metabolites) reduced monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells through suppression of E-selectin production, VEGF production was reduced by both anthocyanins and their metabolites, suggesting a role in the regulation of angiogenesis.
Mirko Marino; Cristian Del Bo’; Massimiliano Tucci; Dorothy Klimis-Zacas; Patrizia Riso; Marisa Porrini. Modulation of Adhesion Process, E-Selectin and VEGF Production by Anthocyanins and Their Metabolites in an In Vitro Model of Atherosclerosis. Nutrients 2020, 12, 655 .
AMA StyleMirko Marino, Cristian Del Bo’, Massimiliano Tucci, Dorothy Klimis-Zacas, Patrizia Riso, Marisa Porrini. Modulation of Adhesion Process, E-Selectin and VEGF Production by Anthocyanins and Their Metabolites in an In Vitro Model of Atherosclerosis. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (3):655.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMirko Marino; Cristian Del Bo’; Massimiliano Tucci; Dorothy Klimis-Zacas; Patrizia Riso; Marisa Porrini. 2020. "Modulation of Adhesion Process, E-Selectin and VEGF Production by Anthocyanins and Their Metabolites in an In Vitro Model of Atherosclerosis." Nutrients 12, no. 3: 655.
The present study aims to evaluate the ability of peonidin and petunidin-3-glucoside (Peo and Pet-3-glc) and their metabolites (vanillic acid; VA and methyl-gallic acid; MetGA), to prevent monocyte (THP-1) adhesion to endothelial cells (HUVECs), and to reduce the production of VCAM-1, E-selectin and VEGF in a stimulated pro-inflammatory environment, a pivotal step of atherogenesis. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α; 100 ng mL-1) was used to stimulate the adhesion of labelled monocytes (THP-1) to endothelial cells (HUVECs). Successively, different concentrations of Peo-3-glc and Pet-3-glc (0.02, 0.2, 2 and 20 µM) and VA and MetGA (0.05, 0.5, 5 and 50 µM) were tested. After 24 h, the production of VCAM-1, E-selectin and VEGF was quantified by ELISA kits, while the adhesion process was measured spectrophotometrically. Peo-3-glc and Pet-3-glc (from 0.02 to 20 µM) significantly (p<0.0001) decreased THP-1 adhesion to HUVECs at all concentrations (-37%, -24%, -30% and -47% for Peo-3-glc; -37%, -33%, -33% and -45% for Pet-3-glc). VA, but not MetGA, reduced the adhesion process at 50 µM (-21%; p<0.001). At the same concentrations, a significant (p<0.0001) reduction of E-selectin, but not VCAM-1, was documented. In addition, anthocyanins and their metabolites significantly decreased (p<0.001) VEGF production. The present findings suggest, that while Peo-3-glc and Pet-3-glc, but not their metabolites, reduced monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells through suppression of E-selectin production, VEGF production was reduced by both anthocyanins and their metabolites suggesting a role in regulation of angiogenesis.
Mirko Marino; Cristian Del Bo’; Massimiliano Tucci; Dorothy Klimis-Zacas; Patrizia Riso; Marisa Porrini. Modulation of Adhesion Process, E-Selectin and VEGF Production by Anthocyanins and Their Metabolites in an In-Vitro Model of Atherosclerosis. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleMirko Marino, Cristian Del Bo’, Massimiliano Tucci, Dorothy Klimis-Zacas, Patrizia Riso, Marisa Porrini. Modulation of Adhesion Process, E-Selectin and VEGF Production by Anthocyanins and Their Metabolites in an In-Vitro Model of Atherosclerosis. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMirko Marino; Cristian Del Bo’; Massimiliano Tucci; Dorothy Klimis-Zacas; Patrizia Riso; Marisa Porrini. 2020. "Modulation of Adhesion Process, E-Selectin and VEGF Production by Anthocyanins and Their Metabolites in an In-Vitro Model of Atherosclerosis." , no. : 1.
Context Berries are a source of polyphenols with recognized health-promoting activities. Several studies suggest that consumption of berries may improve vascular function. Objective The aim of this systematic review is to provide evidence of short- and long-term benefits of berries on outcomes of vascular function. Data Sources Human intervention studies were collected from PubMed and Scopus databases. Study Selection Studies were eligible if they investigated the effects of acute or chronic berry consumption on one or more markers of vascular function in humans and provided a characterization of the berry polyphenolic content. Only randomized controlled trials were included, and studies were excluded if berries were combined with other foods. Data Extraction After selection, 22 randomized controlled trials were included and analyzed, most of which were performed in healthy individuals or patients with cardiovascular risk factors. Results The overall results seem to suggest a protective role of berries in vascular function, likely dependent on the time of exposure, the type and dose of berry, and the biomarkers analyzed. Flow-mediated dilation and reactive hyperemia index (markers of vascular reactivity) improved following short-term interventions, while pulse wave velocity and augmentation index (markers of arterial stiffness) improved only after medium- to long-term intervention. Conclusions Current evidence suggests that berries, at physiological relevant doses, may have a role in the modulation of vascular function and stiffness. High-quality human intervention trials are encouraged in order to strengthen these findings and to better elucidate the mechanisms involved in such modulation.
Daniela Martini; Mirko Marino; Donato Angelino; Cristian Del Bo’; Daniele Del Rio; Patrizia Riso; Marisa Porrini. Role of berries in vascular function: a systematic review of human intervention studies. Nutrition Reviews 2019, 78, 189 -206.
AMA StyleDaniela Martini, Mirko Marino, Donato Angelino, Cristian Del Bo’, Daniele Del Rio, Patrizia Riso, Marisa Porrini. Role of berries in vascular function: a systematic review of human intervention studies. Nutrition Reviews. 2019; 78 (3):189-206.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniela Martini; Mirko Marino; Donato Angelino; Cristian Del Bo’; Daniele Del Rio; Patrizia Riso; Marisa Porrini. 2019. "Role of berries in vascular function: a systematic review of human intervention studies." Nutrition Reviews 78, no. 3: 189-206.
Increasing evidence links intestinal permeability (IP), a feature of the intestinal barrier (IB), to several pathological or dysfunctional conditions. Several host and environmental factors, including dietary factors, can affect the maintenance of normal IP. In this regard, food bioactives such as polyphenols have been proposed as potential IP modulators even if the mechanisms involved are not fully elucidated yet. The aim of the present paper is to provide a short overview of the main evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies supporting the role of polyphenols in modulating IP and briefly discuss future perspectives in this research area.
Stefano Bernardi; Cristian Del Bo’; Mirko Marino; Giorgio Gargari; Antonio Cherubini; Cristina Andrés-Lacueva; Nicole Hidalgo Liberona; Gregorio Peron; Raúl González-Domínguez; Paul A. Kroon; Benjamin Kirkup; Marisa Porrini; Simone Guglielmetti; Patrizia Riso. Polyphenols and Intestinal Permeability: Rationale and Future Perspectives. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2019, 68, 1816 -1829.
AMA StyleStefano Bernardi, Cristian Del Bo’, Mirko Marino, Giorgio Gargari, Antonio Cherubini, Cristina Andrés-Lacueva, Nicole Hidalgo Liberona, Gregorio Peron, Raúl González-Domínguez, Paul A. Kroon, Benjamin Kirkup, Marisa Porrini, Simone Guglielmetti, Patrizia Riso. Polyphenols and Intestinal Permeability: Rationale and Future Perspectives. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2019; 68 (7):1816-1829.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStefano Bernardi; Cristian Del Bo’; Mirko Marino; Giorgio Gargari; Antonio Cherubini; Cristina Andrés-Lacueva; Nicole Hidalgo Liberona; Gregorio Peron; Raúl González-Domínguez; Paul A. Kroon; Benjamin Kirkup; Marisa Porrini; Simone Guglielmetti; Patrizia Riso. 2019. "Polyphenols and Intestinal Permeability: Rationale and Future Perspectives." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 68, no. 7: 1816-1829.
Growing evidence support association between polyphenol intake and reduced risk for chronic diseases, even if there is a broad debate about the effective amount of polyphenols able to exert such protective effect. The present systematic review provides an overview of the last 10-year literature on the evaluation of polyphenol intake and its association with specific disease markers and/or endpoints. An estimation of the mean total polyphenol intake has been performed despite the large heterogeneity of data reviewed. In addition, the contribution of dietary sources was considered, suggesting tea, coffee, red wine, fruit and vegetables as the main products providing polyphenols. Total flavonoids and specific subclasses, but not total polyphenols, have been apparently associated with a low risk of diabetes, cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. However, large variability in terms of methods for the evaluation and quantification of polyphenol intake, markers and endpoints considered, makes it still difficult to establish an evidence-based reference intake for the whole class and subclass of compounds. Nevertheless, the critical mass of data available seem to strongly suggest the protective effect of a polyphenol-rich dietary pattern even if further well targeted and methodologically sound research should be encouraged in order to define specific recommendations.
Cristian Del Bo’; Stefano Bernardi; Mirko Marino; Marisa Porrini; Massimiliano Tucci; Simone Guglielmetti; Antonio Cherubini; Barbara Carrieri; Benjamin Kirkup; Paul Kroon; Raul Zamora-Ros; Nicole Hidalgo Liberona; Cristina Andres-Lacueva; Patrizia Riso. Systematic Review on Polyphenol Intake and Health Outcomes: Is there Sufficient Evidence to Define a Health-Promoting Polyphenol-Rich Dietary Pattern? Nutrients 2019, 11, 1355 .
AMA StyleCristian Del Bo’, Stefano Bernardi, Mirko Marino, Marisa Porrini, Massimiliano Tucci, Simone Guglielmetti, Antonio Cherubini, Barbara Carrieri, Benjamin Kirkup, Paul Kroon, Raul Zamora-Ros, Nicole Hidalgo Liberona, Cristina Andres-Lacueva, Patrizia Riso. Systematic Review on Polyphenol Intake and Health Outcomes: Is there Sufficient Evidence to Define a Health-Promoting Polyphenol-Rich Dietary Pattern? Nutrients. 2019; 11 (6):1355.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCristian Del Bo’; Stefano Bernardi; Mirko Marino; Marisa Porrini; Massimiliano Tucci; Simone Guglielmetti; Antonio Cherubini; Barbara Carrieri; Benjamin Kirkup; Paul Kroon; Raul Zamora-Ros; Nicole Hidalgo Liberona; Cristina Andres-Lacueva; Patrizia Riso. 2019. "Systematic Review on Polyphenol Intake and Health Outcomes: Is there Sufficient Evidence to Define a Health-Promoting Polyphenol-Rich Dietary Pattern?" Nutrients 11, no. 6: 1355.
The Mediterranean diet (MD) is characterized by high consumption of fruits, vegetables, cereals, potatoes, poultry, beans, nuts, lean fish, dairy products, small quantities of red meat, moderate alcohol consumption, and olive oil. Most of these foods are rich sources of bioactive compounds which may play a role in the protection of oxidative stress including DNA damage. The present review provides a summary of the evidence deriving from human intervention studies aimed at evaluating the impact of Mediterranean diet on markers of DNA damage, DNA repair, and telomere length. The few results available show a general protective effect of MD alone, or in combination with bioactive-rich foods, on DNA damage. In particular, the studies reported a reduction in the levels of 8-hydroxy-2′–deoxyguanosine and a modulation of DNA repair gene expression and telomere length. In conclusion, despite the limited literature available, the results obtained seem to support the beneficial effects of MD dietary pattern in the protection against DNA damage susceptibility. However, further well-controlled interventions are desirable in order to confirm the results obtained and provide evidence-based conclusions.
Cristian Del Bo'; Mirko Marino; Daniela Martini; Massimiliano Tucci; Salvatore Ciappellano; Patrizia Riso; Marisa Porrini. Overview of Human Intervention Studies Evaluating the Impact of the Mediterranean Diet on Markers of DNA Damage. Nutrients 2019, 11, 391 .
AMA StyleCristian Del Bo', Mirko Marino, Daniela Martini, Massimiliano Tucci, Salvatore Ciappellano, Patrizia Riso, Marisa Porrini. Overview of Human Intervention Studies Evaluating the Impact of the Mediterranean Diet on Markers of DNA Damage. Nutrients. 2019; 11 (2):391.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCristian Del Bo'; Mirko Marino; Daniela Martini; Massimiliano Tucci; Salvatore Ciappellano; Patrizia Riso; Marisa Porrini. 2019. "Overview of Human Intervention Studies Evaluating the Impact of the Mediterranean Diet on Markers of DNA Damage." Nutrients 11, no. 2: 391.
This study investigated the capacity of an anthocyanin-rich fraction (ACN-RF) from blueberry, single anthocyanins (cyanidin, delphinidin and malvidin-3-glucoside; Cy, Dp and Mv-3-glc) and related metabolites (protocatechuic, gallic and syringic acid; PrA, GA and SA) to resolve an inflammation-driven adhesion of monocytes (THP-1) on endothelial cell (HUVECs) and secretion of cell adhesion molecules E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1). The adhesion of THP-1 to HUVECs was induced by tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α, 100 ng mL−1). Subsequently, ACN-RF, single ACNs and metabolites (from 0.01 to 10 μg mL−1) were incubated for 24 h. The adhesion was measured in a fluorescence spectrophotometer. E-selectin and VCAM-1 were quantified by ELISA. No toxicological effects were observed for the compounds and the doses tested. ACN-RF and Mv-3-glc reducedTHP-1 adhesion at all the concentrations with the maximum effect at 10 μg/ml (−60.2% for ACNs and-33.9% for Mv-3-glc). Cy-3-glc decreased the adhesion by about 41.8% at 10 μg mL−1, while PrA and GA reduced the adhesion of THP-1 to HUVECs both at 1 and at 10 μg mL−1 (−29.5% and −44.3% for PrA, respectively, and −18.0%and −59.3% for GA, respectively). At the same concentrations a significant reduction of E-selectin, but notVCAM-1 levels, was documented. No effect was observed following Dp-3-glc and SA supplementation. Overall, ACNs and metabolites seem to resolve, in a dose-dependent manner, the inflammation-driven adhesion of THP-1 to HUVECs by decreasing E-selectin concentrations. Interestingly, Mv-3-glc was active at physiologically relevant concentrations.
Cristian Del Bo'; Mirko Marino; Patrizia Riso; Peter Møller; Marisa Porrini. Anthocyanins and metabolites resolve TNF-α-mediated production of E-selectin and adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells. Chemico-Biological Interactions 2019, 300, 49 -55.
AMA StyleCristian Del Bo', Mirko Marino, Patrizia Riso, Peter Møller, Marisa Porrini. Anthocyanins and metabolites resolve TNF-α-mediated production of E-selectin and adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells. Chemico-Biological Interactions. 2019; 300 ():49-55.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCristian Del Bo'; Mirko Marino; Patrizia Riso; Peter Møller; Marisa Porrini. 2019. "Anthocyanins and metabolites resolve TNF-α-mediated production of E-selectin and adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells." Chemico-Biological Interactions 300, no. : 49-55.