Purpose: To examine the social impact of a small-scale sporting event and its influence on the willingness to support future events.Design/methodology/approach: A self-supplied questionnaire was used with 248 residents-sportspeople that participated in the Valencia Triathlon. Descriptive analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factorials were done through SPSS, FACTOR and EQS.Findings: Three dimensions of positive impacts were identified; sporting participation and city image, social development and human capital and economic development. The impacts in sporting participation and in the improvement to the image of the city contribute to positively explaining the willingness to support the holding of sporting events. Local sportspeople highlight their participative component and the projection of the city image as key factors to endorse holding future sporting events as a strategy for tourism.Research limitations/implications: The convenience sampling limits the extrapolation of the results.Practical implications: Making the most of the intangible aspects is recommended due to the great potential these events have to generate social capital and increase the networks of social collaboration. Give a more active role to volunteers and local organizers in an organization. Transmit the pride of the community and the sense of belonging to this community to the media and advertising communication.Social implications: Small scale sporting events can contribute to improving the quality of life, increasing pride, the sense of belonging of the residents, opportunities for entertainment and encouraging local participation.Originality/value: A contribution to the empirical analysis of the social impact of small-scale sporting events from the perspective of local participants.

This study analyses the sporting habits of runners participating in short-distance urban running events to identify groups with different motivations towards the practice of endurance running and participation in urban running events. A sample consisting of 937 participants in the Valencia running circuit was interviewed using a questionnaire consisting of a scale of 22 items to analyse their motives for participating in popular races. An exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis was carried out to check the validity of the instrument, and the analysis identified the following four factors into which the indicators were grouped: psychological and physical motives (3 items), social motives and interest in running events (5 items), occupation of time and social recognition (6 items) and competitive and material motives (3 items). Subsequently, a cluster analysis was performed by combining hierarchical and non-hierarchical methods, and the analysis identified the following three groups of runners with different characteristics: individual hedonists (n = 276), enthusiasts (n = 312) and socializing hedonists (n = 349). Enthusiastic runners consider most motives important when participating in running events, individual hedonists consider individual psychological and physical motives important, and socializing hedonists consider personal and social motives and interest in sport important. Variables related to age, educational level, annual income level, frequency of running, how the individuals went out to run and the level of the runners contributed to differentiating the identified groups. The results confirm the heterogeneous nature of urban runners.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of organizational climate (OC) (with its different dimensions) and type of category (international–national or regional–local) on innovation, also taking into account the level of competition in which the club participates. This paper also aims to analyze the effect of the type of category on the relationship between OC and innovation. This could provide new information in the sports sector and in the organizational area.Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative research was chosen with a sample of 485 Spanish sports clubs. The statistical analyses carried out were descriptive, mean difference, correlations between studied variables and hierarchical regression models, with the statistical package SPSS 23.0 and the macro PROCESS.Findings: The results showed that there are significant differences in innovation depending on the level of competition. There is a positive correlation between the dimensions of OC (training, formation, supervision, resources, safety and overall) and innovation. The OC dimensions that have the highest prediction of innovation in sports clubs are training and motivation, in sports clubs with regional–local and international–national level of competition.Practical implications: This paper provides information on the aspects that most influence innovation so that one can focus and pay more attention to some aspects over others.Originality/value: This study contributes to the debate by offering a relationship of CB with innovation in the non-profit or associative sports sector. This provides organizational and entrepreneurial information to the sports environment.

The objective of this study was to apply an importance-performance analysis to analyze residents’ perceptions of a large sporting event. Initially, a confirmatory factorial analysis was conducted to validate the rating scale of the event’s effects. The results showed that sports development was the dimension that sporting event organizers should focus on, while maintaining their efforts to improve international image and recognition. Conversely, according to residents, urban development and infrastructure and sociocultural development should be offered low priority, and the socioeconomic development aspect was viewed as a waste of resources. Differences were observed according to family origin, event attendance, interest in the sport, and support for the event.

The importance of the sports context for sustainable development has been widely discussed in recent years. However, the contribution of sports facilities to sustainable development remains a topic rarely presented in academic literature. For this reason, this paper aims to synthesize the existing information in the literature related to sustainable development in the context of sports facilities, to this aim, a systematic review was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 methodology via the Scopus and Web of Science databases where a total of 28 studies have been identified. Among them, most of them focus on environmental sustainability, also most of the current literature are qualitative studies and mainly focus on the sustainable performance of sports facilities and organizations. Through these results, a total of 16 categories and 49 indicators are established to assess the contribution of sports facilities to sustainable development. In conclusion, this study not also analyzes the state-of-the-art related to sustainability and sports facilities but also provides the basis for analyzing the sustainable performance of sports facilities including the three dimensions of sustainability (environmental, social and economic) according to the triple-bottom-line framework, allowing future assessments of sport facilities contribution to the sustainable development.

Residents’ perception of a sporting event as a socially unfair phenomenon can lead to changes in residents’ behavior towards the event and future sporting events. The aim of this study is to analyze the mediating effect of the perception variable on the fair social distribution (FSD) of benefits and costs between perceived positive and negative impacts and future intentions with respect to the celebration of the Formula 1 Grand Prix. A total of 371 residents were interviewed by using a questionnaire made up of indicators referring to positive and negative impacts, FSD, and future intentions. The psychometric properties of the scale were analyzed and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses. The results confirm that positive and negative impacts are significantly related to the perception of FSD, which, in turn, significantly influences future intentions. The mediating effect of FSD between perceived impacts and future intentions was also tested. The study suggests that it is important for organizers to pay attention to the social injustices and imbalances that may be associated with the holding of major sporting events in order to improve future behaviors toward sporting events.