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Adequate folic acid supplementation during the preconception period is an important element in the primary prevention of neural tube defects (NTDs). This study aims to study the effectiveness of folic acid supplementation recommendations among women of childbearing age, and to assess and characterise their awareness about this public health measure. The cross-sectional study included women (N = 1285) aged 22.27 ± 4.6 years old on average. Some of the results were obtained on a subgroup of women (N = 1127) aged 21.0 ± 2.1. This study was performed using a questionnaire. The analysis was performed with the use of a logistic regression model, chi-square test for independence and odds ratio (OR). According to the results, only 13.9% of women supplement folic acid, and 65.3% of them do so daily. A total of 91.1% of the respondents were not aware of its recommended dose and 43% did not know the role it plays in the human body. Among women who do not currently supplement folic acid (N = 1052), 52.4% declared doing so while planning their pregnancy. Women’s awareness about the role of folic acid in NTD prevention (OR = 4.58) and the information they got from physicians (OR = 1.68) are key factors that increased the odds of the women taking folic acid before pregnancy. There is therefore a need for more information and education campaigns to raise awareness about folic acid.
Maria Zadarko-Domaradzka; Ewa Kruszyńska; Emilian Zadarko. Effectiveness of Folic Acid Supplementation Recommendations among Polish Female Students from the Podkarpackie Region. Nutrients 2021, 13, 1001 .
AMA StyleMaria Zadarko-Domaradzka, Ewa Kruszyńska, Emilian Zadarko. Effectiveness of Folic Acid Supplementation Recommendations among Polish Female Students from the Podkarpackie Region. Nutrients. 2021; 13 (3):1001.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Zadarko-Domaradzka; Ewa Kruszyńska; Emilian Zadarko. 2021. "Effectiveness of Folic Acid Supplementation Recommendations among Polish Female Students from the Podkarpackie Region." Nutrients 13, no. 3: 1001.
The range of sports and recreation facilities’ offer should be very wide in order for all social groups of the examined environment to have access to sports and recreation facilities. Therefore, Poznan City Hall should take into account all difficulties that limit the access to these facilities when preparing management policy of sports and recreation infrastructure and its functioning. That is why the main goal of this study is to recognize difficulties limiting the access to sports and recreation facilities in this city. The research carried out at indoor tennis courts (16 facilities), indoor swimming polls (12 facilities) and fitness clubs (11 facilities) in Poznan covered 1159 service recipients (using the services of a given sports and recreation facility). The author-constructed questionnaire addressed to the service recipients (residents of the city of Poznan who use the services offered at the examined sports and recreation facilities). Furthermore, the service recipients were divided into a group of people doing sports competitively and a group of recipients who have never practiced sports as professional athletes. The validated questionnaire sent to the examined service recipients included suggestions of difficulties that may limit the access to sports and recreation facilities in the city of Poznan. Further analysis of the importance of difficulties that limit the access to sports and recreation facilities may allow indicating the reason why recreational activity of residents is limited. A lower level of satisfaction and thus a lower rating of the respondents was obtained by a set of features constituting, according to the respondents, difficulties limiting the access to the use of sports and recreation facilities (high prices and too great of a distance of the sports and recreation facility from the place of residence).
Ewa Kruszyńska; Joanna Poczta. Difficulties Limiting Access to Sports and Recreational Facilities in the City in the Perceptions of Service Users. Sports and Recreational Infrastructure Management Policy—Poznan Case Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 1768 .
AMA StyleEwa Kruszyńska, Joanna Poczta. Difficulties Limiting Access to Sports and Recreational Facilities in the City in the Perceptions of Service Users. Sports and Recreational Infrastructure Management Policy—Poznan Case Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (5):1768.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEwa Kruszyńska; Joanna Poczta. 2020. "Difficulties Limiting Access to Sports and Recreational Facilities in the City in the Perceptions of Service Users. Sports and Recreational Infrastructure Management Policy—Poznan Case Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 5: 1768.
The aim of the article is to identify which groups of factors (economic, social, and spatial) significantly determine the condition and development of the sports and recreation infrastructure of the city of Poznan and shape the needs and expectations of its residents. Standardized interviews among 39 service providers and 1159 service recipients made it possible to collect primary data on the presentation of the pace and directions of changes taking place in the sports and recreational facilities of the city, paying special attention to identifying and prioritizing factors determining this development. In order to establish the hierarchy of factors analyzed in the paper and operating within the same research problem for both groups of respondents (service recipients and service providers), the Anderson-Darling test was used. The test results were referenced to the already existing “Sportowy Poznan” (“Sports Poznan”) program. The assessment made by service recipients shows that the factor having the strongest limiting effect on the use of sports and recreation services is the economic factor. In the assessment made by the respondents using their services, the efforts of city authorities to make Poznan sports clubs operate in a professional manner gained the lowest score. The results of the Anderson–Darling test show that the social factor of preparing infrastructure for the residents of the city of Poznan was the most important for the respondents, obtaining a test value of 0.886.
Ewa Kruszyńska; Joanna Poczta. Hierarchy of Factors Affecting the Condition and Development of Sports and Recreation Infrastructure—Impact on the Recreational Activity and Health of the Residents of a City (Poznan Case Study). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 556 .
AMA StyleEwa Kruszyńska, Joanna Poczta. Hierarchy of Factors Affecting the Condition and Development of Sports and Recreation Infrastructure—Impact on the Recreational Activity and Health of the Residents of a City (Poznan Case Study). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (4):556.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEwa Kruszyńska; Joanna Poczta. 2019. "Hierarchy of Factors Affecting the Condition and Development of Sports and Recreation Infrastructure—Impact on the Recreational Activity and Health of the Residents of a City (Poznan Case Study)." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 4: 556.
Ewa Kruszyńska; Jerzy Eider. Ocena propagowania idei zdrowego aktywnego stylu życia przez mieszkańców miasta Poznania. Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe 2019, 2, 121 -131.
AMA StyleEwa Kruszyńska, Jerzy Eider. Ocena propagowania idei zdrowego aktywnego stylu życia przez mieszkańców miasta Poznania. Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe. 2019; 2 (4):121-131.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEwa Kruszyńska; Jerzy Eider. 2019. "Ocena propagowania idei zdrowego aktywnego stylu życia przez mieszkańców miasta Poznania." Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe 2, no. 4: 121-131.