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Zhihong Wu
Southeast University

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Journal article
Published: 29 August 2019 in RSC Advances
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Both aliphatic and carboxylic OH undergo the same decomposition pathway to form water during in situ31P NMR monitoring.

ACS Style

Zhihong Wu; Haoxi Ben; Yunyi Yang; Ying Luo; Kai Nie; Wei Jiang; Guangting Han. In-depth study on the effect of oxygen-containing functional groups in pyrolysis oil by P-31 NMR. RSC Advances 2019, 9, 27157 -27166.

AMA Style

Zhihong Wu, Haoxi Ben, Yunyi Yang, Ying Luo, Kai Nie, Wei Jiang, Guangting Han. In-depth study on the effect of oxygen-containing functional groups in pyrolysis oil by P-31 NMR. RSC Advances. 2019; 9 (47):27157-27166.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhihong Wu; Haoxi Ben; Yunyi Yang; Ying Luo; Kai Nie; Wei Jiang; Guangting Han. 2019. "In-depth study on the effect of oxygen-containing functional groups in pyrolysis oil by P-31 NMR." RSC Advances 9, no. 47: 27157-27166.

Journal article
Published: 23 August 2019 in Polymers
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Pyrolysis of raw pine bark, pine, and Douglas-Fir bark was examined. The pyrolysis oil yields of raw pine bark, pine, and Douglas-Fir bark at 500 °C were 29.18%, 26.67%, and 26.65%, respectively. Both energy densification ratios (1.32–1.56) and energy yields (48.40–54.31%) of char are higher than pyrolysis oils (energy densification ratios: 1.13–1.19, energy yields: 30.16–34.42%). The pyrolysis oils have higher heating values (~25 MJ/kg) than bio-oils (~20 MJ/kg) from wood and agricultural residues, and the higher heating values of char (~31 MJ/kg) are comparable to that of many commercial coals. The elemental analysis indicated that the lower O/C value and higher H/C value represent a more valuable source of energy for pyrolysis oils than biomass. The nuclear magnetic resonance results demonstrated that the most abundant hydroxyl groups of pyrolysis oil are aliphatic OH groups, catechol, guaiacol, and p-hydroxy-phenyl OH groups. The aliphatic OH groups are mainly derived from the cleavage of cellulose glycosidic bonds, while the catechol, guaiacol, and p-hydroxy-phenyl OH groups are mostly attributed to the cleavage of the lignin β–O-4 bond. Significant amount of aromatic carbon (~40%) in pyrolysis oils is obtained from tannin and lignin components and the aromatic C–O bonds may be formed by a radical reaction between the aromatic and aliphatic hydroxyl groups. In this study, a comprehensive analytical method was developed to fully understand and evaluate the pyrolysis products produced from softwood barks, which could offer valuable information on the pyrolysis mechanism of biomass and promote better utilization of pyrolysis products.

ACS Style

Haoxi Ben; Fengze Wu; Zhihong Wu; Guangting Han; Wei Jiang; Arthur J. Ragauskas. A Comprehensive Characterization of Pyrolysis Oil from Softwood Barks. Polymers 2019, 11, 1387 .

AMA Style

Haoxi Ben, Fengze Wu, Zhihong Wu, Guangting Han, Wei Jiang, Arthur J. Ragauskas. A Comprehensive Characterization of Pyrolysis Oil from Softwood Barks. Polymers. 2019; 11 (9):1387.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Haoxi Ben; Fengze Wu; Zhihong Wu; Guangting Han; Wei Jiang; Arthur J. Ragauskas. 2019. "A Comprehensive Characterization of Pyrolysis Oil from Softwood Barks." Polymers 11, no. 9: 1387.

Journal article
Published: 13 February 2019 in Polymers
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The pyrolytic behavior of several biomass components including cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and tannin, from two sources of waste biomass (i.e., pine bark and pine residues) were examined. Compared to the two aromatic-based components in the biomass, carbohydrates produced much less char but more gas. Surprisingly, tannin produced a significant amount of water-soluble products; further analysis indicated that tannin could produce a large amount of catechols. The first reported NMR chemical shift databases for tannin and hemicellulose pyrolysis oils were created to facilitate the HSQC analysis. Various C–H functional groups (>30 different C–H bonds) in the pyrolysis oils could be analyzed by employing HSQC-NMR. The results indicated that most of the aromatic C–H and aliphatic C–H bonds in the pyrolysis oils produced from pine bark and pine residues resulted from the lignin and tannin components. A preliminary study for a quantitative application of HSQC-NMR on the characterization of pyrolysis oil was also done in this study. Nevertheless, the concepts established in this work open up new methods to fully characterize the whole portion of pyrolysis oils produced from various biomass components, which can provide valuable information on the thermochemical mechanisms.

ACS Style

Haoxi Ben; Zhihong Wu; Guangting Han; Wei Jiang; Arthur Ragauskas. Pyrolytic Behavior of Major Biomass Components in Waste Biomass. Polymers 2019, 11, 324 .

AMA Style

Haoxi Ben, Zhihong Wu, Guangting Han, Wei Jiang, Arthur Ragauskas. Pyrolytic Behavior of Major Biomass Components in Waste Biomass. Polymers. 2019; 11 (2):324.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Haoxi Ben; Zhihong Wu; Guangting Han; Wei Jiang; Arthur Ragauskas. 2019. "Pyrolytic Behavior of Major Biomass Components in Waste Biomass." Polymers 11, no. 2: 324.