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Biochar is generally accepted and increasingly valued in scientific circles as solid products in the thermochemical conversion of biomass, mainly because of its rich carbon content. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of biochar from different sources on wheat growth. In particular, this work focused on the effect of different preparation methods and raw material of biochar on the growth of wheat and aim to find a potential soil substitute that can be used for crop cultivation. Two synthetic methods were evaluated: hydrothermal conversion and pyrolysis. The characterization of biochar was determined to explore the impact of its microstructure on wheat growth. The results show that the yield of biochar produced from high-pressure reactor is significantly higher than that obtained by using microwave reactor. For example, the biochar yield obtained through the former is about six times that of the latter when using steamed bread cooked as biomass raw material. In addition, the growth trend of wheat indicates that biochar has different promoting effects on the growth of wheat in its weight and height. The pyrolyzed carbon is more suitable for wheat growth and is even more effective than soil, indicating that pyrolyzed biochar has more potential to be an alternative soil in the future. Moreover, this research tries to explore the reasons that affect crop growth by characterizing biochar (including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), biofilm electrostatic test (BET) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR)). The results indicate that the biochar containing more pits and less hydroxyl functional are more suitable for storing moisture, which is one of the significant factors in the growth of crops. This study provides evidence of the effects of biochar on crop growth, both in terms of microstructure and macroscopic growth trends, which provides significant benefits for biochar to grow crops or plants.
Hang Jia; Haoxi Ben; Fengze Wu. Effect of Biochar Prepared from Food Waste through Different Thermal Treatment Processes on Crop Growth. Processes 2021, 9, 276 .
AMA StyleHang Jia, Haoxi Ben, Fengze Wu. Effect of Biochar Prepared from Food Waste through Different Thermal Treatment Processes on Crop Growth. Processes. 2021; 9 (2):276.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHang Jia; Haoxi Ben; Fengze Wu. 2021. "Effect of Biochar Prepared from Food Waste through Different Thermal Treatment Processes on Crop Growth." Processes 9, no. 2: 276.
The pyrolysis behavior of corn stover and polypropylene during co-pyrolysis was studied using a tube furnace reactor. The effects of mixing ratio of corn stover and polypropylene, pyrolysis temperature, addition amount of catalyst (HZSM-5) and reaction atmosphere (N2 and CO2) on the properties of pyrolysis products were studied. The results showed that co-pyrolysis of corn stover and polypropylene can increase the yield of pyrolysis oil. When corn stover:polypropylene = 1:3, the yield of pyrolysis oil was as high as 52.1%, which was 4.5% higher than the theoretical value. With the increase of pyrolysis temperature, the yield of pyrolysis oil increased first and then decreased, and reached the optimal yield at 550 °C. The addition of catalyst (HZSM-5) reduced the proportion of oxygenates and promoted the generation of aromatic hydrocarbons. CO2 has a certain oxidation effect on the components of pyrolysis oil, which promoted the increase of oxygen-containing aromatics and the reduction of deoxy-aromatic hydrocarbons. This study identified the theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization of plastic and biomass energy.
Fengze Wu; Haoxi Ben; Yunyi Yang; Hang Jia; Rui Wang; Guangting Han. Effects of Different Conditions on Co-Pyrolysis Behavior of Corn Stover and Polypropylene. Polymers 2020, 12, 973 .
AMA StyleFengze Wu, Haoxi Ben, Yunyi Yang, Hang Jia, Rui Wang, Guangting Han. Effects of Different Conditions on Co-Pyrolysis Behavior of Corn Stover and Polypropylene. Polymers. 2020; 12 (4):973.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFengze Wu; Haoxi Ben; Yunyi Yang; Hang Jia; Rui Wang; Guangting Han. 2020. "Effects of Different Conditions on Co-Pyrolysis Behavior of Corn Stover and Polypropylene." Polymers 12, no. 4: 973.
Pyrolysis of raw pine bark, pine, and Douglas-Fir bark was examined. The pyrolysis oil yields of raw pine bark, pine, and Douglas-Fir bark at 500 °C were 29.18%, 26.67%, and 26.65%, respectively. Both energy densification ratios (1.32–1.56) and energy yields (48.40–54.31%) of char are higher than pyrolysis oils (energy densification ratios: 1.13–1.19, energy yields: 30.16–34.42%). The pyrolysis oils have higher heating values (~25 MJ/kg) than bio-oils (~20 MJ/kg) from wood and agricultural residues, and the higher heating values of char (~31 MJ/kg) are comparable to that of many commercial coals. The elemental analysis indicated that the lower O/C value and higher H/C value represent a more valuable source of energy for pyrolysis oils than biomass. The nuclear magnetic resonance results demonstrated that the most abundant hydroxyl groups of pyrolysis oil are aliphatic OH groups, catechol, guaiacol, and p-hydroxy-phenyl OH groups. The aliphatic OH groups are mainly derived from the cleavage of cellulose glycosidic bonds, while the catechol, guaiacol, and p-hydroxy-phenyl OH groups are mostly attributed to the cleavage of the lignin β–O-4 bond. Significant amount of aromatic carbon (~40%) in pyrolysis oils is obtained from tannin and lignin components and the aromatic C–O bonds may be formed by a radical reaction between the aromatic and aliphatic hydroxyl groups. In this study, a comprehensive analytical method was developed to fully understand and evaluate the pyrolysis products produced from softwood barks, which could offer valuable information on the pyrolysis mechanism of biomass and promote better utilization of pyrolysis products.
Haoxi Ben; Fengze Wu; Zhihong Wu; Guangting Han; Wei Jiang; Arthur J. Ragauskas. A Comprehensive Characterization of Pyrolysis Oil from Softwood Barks. Polymers 2019, 11, 1387 .
AMA StyleHaoxi Ben, Fengze Wu, Zhihong Wu, Guangting Han, Wei Jiang, Arthur J. Ragauskas. A Comprehensive Characterization of Pyrolysis Oil from Softwood Barks. Polymers. 2019; 11 (9):1387.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHaoxi Ben; Fengze Wu; Zhihong Wu; Guangting Han; Wei Jiang; Arthur J. Ragauskas. 2019. "A Comprehensive Characterization of Pyrolysis Oil from Softwood Barks." Polymers 11, no. 9: 1387.