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The occurrence of Legionella spp. in the water distribution systems of large hospitals and other healthcare facilities is considered particularly dangerous, due to the critical nature of the hospitalized patients. The aim of this study is to present a pluri-annual environmental surveillance in a large university hospital assessing the prevalence of Legionella spp. and underlining its variability over the years. The samples of water were collected in accordance with the Italian National Guidelines and the sampling sites considered in this study were selected favoring wards with very high-risk patients and with patients at increased risk. The laboratory analyzed a total of 305 water samples deriving from 24 different sampling points. Legionella spp. were detected in 39.4% of samples, the majority of which were contaminated by Legionella pneumophila serogroups 2–14 (68.7%). Statistically significant differences were found among different seasons with a linear trend in positive proportion from summer to spring. Several experimental interventions to prevent and reduce Legionella colonization were attempted, but there is no a definitive method for the complete eradication of this microorganism. The permanent monitoring of hospital water distribution systems is fundamental to preventing the potential risk of nosocomial Legionellosis and to implementing procedures to minimize the risk of Legionella spp. colonization.
Giovanna Deiana; Antonella Arghittu; Marco Dettori; Maria Dolores Masia; Maria Grazia Deriu; Andrea Piana; Maria Rosaria Muroni; Paolo Castiglia; Antonio Azara. Environmental Surveillance of Legionella spp. in an Italian University Hospital Results of 10 Years of Analysis. Water 2021, 13, 2304 .
AMA StyleGiovanna Deiana, Antonella Arghittu, Marco Dettori, Maria Dolores Masia, Maria Grazia Deriu, Andrea Piana, Maria Rosaria Muroni, Paolo Castiglia, Antonio Azara. Environmental Surveillance of Legionella spp. in an Italian University Hospital Results of 10 Years of Analysis. Water. 2021; 13 (16):2304.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanna Deiana; Antonella Arghittu; Marco Dettori; Maria Dolores Masia; Maria Grazia Deriu; Andrea Piana; Maria Rosaria Muroni; Paolo Castiglia; Antonio Azara. 2021. "Environmental Surveillance of Legionella spp. in an Italian University Hospital Results of 10 Years of Analysis." Water 13, no. 16: 2304.
The aim of the study is to evaluate the preparedness of retirement and nursing homes in the city of Sassari at the end of the first wave of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 epidemic, first by investigating the risk perception of epidemic outbreaks by the facility managers and subsequently by carrying out a field assessment of these facilities. To perform the field assessment, a checklist developed by the CDC (Infection Prevention and Control Assessment Tool for Nursing Homes Preparing for COVID-19) and adapted to the Italian context was used. Fourteen facilities took part in the survey (87.5%). The application of good practices for each survey area was expressed as a percentage with the following median values: restriction policies (87.5%), staff training (53.8%), resident training (67.6%), availability of personal protective equipment (41.7%), infection control practices (73.5%) and communication (80%). Among the facilities, considerable variability was observed in these evaluation fields: only the restriction policies and communication activities were applied uniformly. A discrepancy was found between perceived risk and real danger in the facilities, requiring targeted communication actions. At present, it is necessary to promote a new approach based on the prediction of critical events, thereby providing the means to effectively address them.
Carmelo Gugliotta; Davide Gentili; Silvia Marras; Marco Dettori; Pietro Muglia; Maria Desole; Marcello Acciaro; Sabina Bellu; Antonio Azara; Paolo Castiglia. SARS-CoV-2 Epidemics in Retirement and Nursing Homes in Italy: A New Preparedness Assessment Model after the First Epidemic Wave. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 5712 .
AMA StyleCarmelo Gugliotta, Davide Gentili, Silvia Marras, Marco Dettori, Pietro Muglia, Maria Desole, Marcello Acciaro, Sabina Bellu, Antonio Azara, Paolo Castiglia. SARS-CoV-2 Epidemics in Retirement and Nursing Homes in Italy: A New Preparedness Assessment Model after the First Epidemic Wave. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (11):5712.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarmelo Gugliotta; Davide Gentili; Silvia Marras; Marco Dettori; Pietro Muglia; Maria Desole; Marcello Acciaro; Sabina Bellu; Antonio Azara; Paolo Castiglia. 2021. "SARS-CoV-2 Epidemics in Retirement and Nursing Homes in Italy: A New Preparedness Assessment Model after the First Epidemic Wave." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11: 5712.
Background: The aim of this preliminary study was to measure radon concentrations in a hospital in order to verify to what extent these concentrations depend on various environmental variables taken into consideration, and consequently to determine the urgency to implement mitigation actions. Methods: The rooms where the concentration of the gas was potentially highest were monitored. Investigators adopted a Continuous Radon Monitor testing device. Qualitative and normally distributed quantitative variables were summarised with absolute (relative) frequencies and means (standard deviations, SD), respectively. As regards environmental variables, the difference in radon concentrations was determined using the rank-based nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis H test and the Mann–Whitney U test. Results: All measurements, excluding the radiotherapy bunkers that showed high values due to irradiation of radiotherapy instruments, showed low radon levels, although there is currently no known safe level of radon exposure. In addition, high variability in radon concentration was found linked to various environmental and behavioural characteristics. Conclusions: The results on the variability of radon levels in hospital buildings highlighted the key role of monitoring activities on indoor air quality and, consequently, on the occupants’ health.
Giovanna Deiana; Marco Dettori; Maria Masia; Antonio Spano; Andrea Piana; Antonella Arghittu; Paolo Castiglia; Antonio Azara. Monitoring Radon Levels in Hospital Environments. Findings of a Preliminary Study in the University Hospital of Sassari, Italy. Environments 2021, 8, 28 .
AMA StyleGiovanna Deiana, Marco Dettori, Maria Masia, Antonio Spano, Andrea Piana, Antonella Arghittu, Paolo Castiglia, Antonio Azara. Monitoring Radon Levels in Hospital Environments. Findings of a Preliminary Study in the University Hospital of Sassari, Italy. Environments. 2021; 8 (4):28.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanna Deiana; Marco Dettori; Maria Masia; Antonio Spano; Andrea Piana; Antonella Arghittu; Paolo Castiglia; Antonio Azara. 2021. "Monitoring Radon Levels in Hospital Environments. Findings of a Preliminary Study in the University Hospital of Sassari, Italy." Environments 8, no. 4: 28.
The awareness of citizens concerning the health risks caused by environmental pollution is growing, but studies on determinants of pro-environmental behaviors have rarely examined health-related aspects. In this study, we investigated these determinants using data from a large survey among Italian university students (15 Universities: 4778 filled questionnaires). Besides the health-related aspects, represented by environmental health risk perception and functional health literacy, we considered social and demographic characteristics (gender, area of residence, sources of information, trust in institutional and non-institutional subjects, and students’ capacity of positive actions, indicated as internal locus of control). The attitudes towards pro-environmental behaviors were positive for more than 70% of students and positively related with health risk perception, internal locus of control, and health literacy. The correspondence between the positive attitudes towards pro-environmental behaviors and the real adoption of such behaviors was approximately 20% for most behaviors, except for the separate collection of waste (60%). Such a discrepancy can be attributable to external obstacles (i.e., lack of time, costs, lack of support). The health-related aspects were linked to the pro-environmental attitudes, but to a lesser extent to pro-environmental behaviors, owing to the complexity of their determinants. However, they should be taken in account in planning education interventions.
Annalaura Carducci; Maria Fiore; Antonio Azara; Guglielmo Bonaccorsi; Martina Bortoletto; Giuseppina Caggiano; Andrea Calamusa; Antonella De Donno; Osvalda De Giglio; Marco Dettori; Pamela Di Giovanni; Angela Di Pietro; Alessio Facciolà; Ileana Federigi; Iolanda Grappasonni; Alberto Izzotti; Giovanni Libralato; Chiara Lorini; Maria Montagna; Liberata Nicolosi; Grazia Paladino; Giacomo Palomba; Fabio Petrelli; Tiziana Schilirò; Stefania Scuri; Francesca Serio; Marina Tesauro; Marco Verani; Marco Vinceti; Federica Violi; Margherita Ferrante. Pro-Environmental Behaviors: Determinants and Obstacles among Italian University Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 3306 .
AMA StyleAnnalaura Carducci, Maria Fiore, Antonio Azara, Guglielmo Bonaccorsi, Martina Bortoletto, Giuseppina Caggiano, Andrea Calamusa, Antonella De Donno, Osvalda De Giglio, Marco Dettori, Pamela Di Giovanni, Angela Di Pietro, Alessio Facciolà, Ileana Federigi, Iolanda Grappasonni, Alberto Izzotti, Giovanni Libralato, Chiara Lorini, Maria Montagna, Liberata Nicolosi, Grazia Paladino, Giacomo Palomba, Fabio Petrelli, Tiziana Schilirò, Stefania Scuri, Francesca Serio, Marina Tesauro, Marco Verani, Marco Vinceti, Federica Violi, Margherita Ferrante. Pro-Environmental Behaviors: Determinants and Obstacles among Italian University Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (6):3306.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnnalaura Carducci; Maria Fiore; Antonio Azara; Guglielmo Bonaccorsi; Martina Bortoletto; Giuseppina Caggiano; Andrea Calamusa; Antonella De Donno; Osvalda De Giglio; Marco Dettori; Pamela Di Giovanni; Angela Di Pietro; Alessio Facciolà; Ileana Federigi; Iolanda Grappasonni; Alberto Izzotti; Giovanni Libralato; Chiara Lorini; Maria Montagna; Liberata Nicolosi; Grazia Paladino; Giacomo Palomba; Fabio Petrelli; Tiziana Schilirò; Stefania Scuri; Francesca Serio; Marina Tesauro; Marco Verani; Marco Vinceti; Federica Violi; Margherita Ferrante. 2021. "Pro-Environmental Behaviors: Determinants and Obstacles among Italian University Students." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6: 3306.
Achieving sterilization by adopting proper practices is essential to ensure that surgical instruments do not transmit microorganisms to patients. As the effectiveness of sterilization mandates effective cleaning, it is necessary to verify the success of cleaning procedures. In this study, we used the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence method for assessing the efficacy of the manual cleaning procedure during the reprocessing of reusable surgical instruments. The ATP bioluminescence assay was performed on 140 surgical instruments of 12 different types, both before being cleaned (baseline) and after each of the cleaning procedures (i.e., decontamination, manual washing, drying, and visual inspection). For each instrument, two swabs were used as follows: one to sample the entire surface (test point 1) and the other to sample the most difficult part of the surface to clean (test point 2). Overall, for each type of instrument, there was a decrease in contamination ranging from 99.6 to >99.9% (log reduction from 2.40 to 3.76). Thus, in order to standardize the assessment of cleanliness, it may be useful to introduce the bioluminescence method into the daily routine or, at least, at regular time intervals as a complementary check combined with visual inspection. This would allow real-time verification of the achievement of an adequate level of cleanliness.
Maria Masia; Marco Dettori; Grazia Deriu; Sabina Bellu; Lisa Arcadu; Antonio Azara; Andrea Piana; Alessandra Palmieri; Antonella Arghittu; Paolo Castiglia. ATP Bioluminescence for Assessing the Efficacy of the Manual Cleaning Procedure during the Reprocessing of Reusable Surgical Instruments. Healthcare 2021, 9, 352 .
AMA StyleMaria Masia, Marco Dettori, Grazia Deriu, Sabina Bellu, Lisa Arcadu, Antonio Azara, Andrea Piana, Alessandra Palmieri, Antonella Arghittu, Paolo Castiglia. ATP Bioluminescence for Assessing the Efficacy of the Manual Cleaning Procedure during the Reprocessing of Reusable Surgical Instruments. Healthcare. 2021; 9 (3):352.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Masia; Marco Dettori; Grazia Deriu; Sabina Bellu; Lisa Arcadu; Antonio Azara; Andrea Piana; Alessandra Palmieri; Antonella Arghittu; Paolo Castiglia. 2021. "ATP Bioluminescence for Assessing the Efficacy of the Manual Cleaning Procedure during the Reprocessing of Reusable Surgical Instruments." Healthcare 9, no. 3: 352.
Environmental microbial contamination in the operating room (OR) can favour contamination of the surgical wound, posing the risk of infection of the surgical site. Thus, environmental monitoring is a useful tool for assessing environmental health and the effectiveness and efficiency of the measures adopted to control the risk of infection in the OR. This work aimed to analyse the long term environmental quality of 18 ORs throughout Sardinia, Italy, through the quantitative and qualitative characterisation of the microbial flora present in the air and on surfaces, in order to evaluate the trend over time, including in relation to any control measures adopted. The results of the sampling carried out in the period from January 2010 to December 2019 have been extrapolated from the archive-database of the Laboratory of the Hygiene and Control of Hospital Infections Unit of the University Hospital in Sassari. During the period in question, 188 air evaluations were carried out, both in empty rooms and during surgery, and 872 surface samples were taken. When the air was monitored, it emerged that significant contamination was detectable in a reduced number of examinations and a limited number of rooms. Microbial load values higher than the reference values may have been mainly determined by sub-optimal operation/maintenance of the air conditioning system. Surface testing showed a good level of sanitisation, given the low percentage of non-compliant values detected. The possibility of having data available on environmental quality is a useful educational and training tool both for those responsible for sanitisation procedures and the surgical team, in order to increase awareness of the effects of a lack of compliance with behavioural standards.
Maria Masia; Marco Dettori; Grazia Deriu; Serena Soddu; Michela Deriu; Antonella Arghittu; Antonio Azara; Paolo Castiglia. Microbial Monitoring as a Tool for Preventing Infectious Risk in the Operating Room: Results of 10 Years of Activity. Atmosphere 2020, 12, 19 .
AMA StyleMaria Masia, Marco Dettori, Grazia Deriu, Serena Soddu, Michela Deriu, Antonella Arghittu, Antonio Azara, Paolo Castiglia. Microbial Monitoring as a Tool for Preventing Infectious Risk in the Operating Room: Results of 10 Years of Activity. Atmosphere. 2020; 12 (1):19.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Masia; Marco Dettori; Grazia Deriu; Serena Soddu; Michela Deriu; Antonella Arghittu; Antonio Azara; Paolo Castiglia. 2020. "Microbial Monitoring as a Tool for Preventing Infectious Risk in the Operating Room: Results of 10 Years of Activity." Atmosphere 12, no. 1: 19.
The present work aims to study the role of air pollutants in relation to the number of deaths per each Italian province affected by COVID-19. To do that, specific mortality from COVID-19 has been standardized for each Italian province and per age group (10 groups) ranging from 0 to 9 years to >90 years, based on the 2019 national population figures. The link between air pollutants and COVID-19 mortality among Italian provinces was studied implementing a linear regression model, whereas the wide set of variables were examined by means of LISA (Local Indicators of Spatial Autocorrelation), relating the spatial component of COVID-19 related data with a mix of environmental variables as explanatory variables. As results, in some provinces, namely the Western Po Valley provinces, the SMR (Standardized Mortality Ratio) is much higher than expected, and the presence of PM10 was independently associated with the case status. Furthermore, the results for LISA on SMR and PM10 demonstrate clusters of high-high values in the wide Metropolitan area of Milan and the Po Valley area respectively, with a certain level of overlap of the two distributions in the area strictly considered Milan. In conclusion, this research appears to find elements to confirm the existence of a link between pollution and the risk of death due to the disease, in particular, considering land take and air pollution, this latter referred to particulate (PM10). For this reason, we can reiterate the need to act in favour of policies aimed at reducing pollutants in the atmosphere, by means of speeding up the already existing plans and policies, targeting all sources of atmospheric pollution: industries, home heating and traffic.
Marco Dettori; Giovanna Deiana; Ginevra Balletto; Giuseppe Borruso; Beniamino Murgante; Antonella Arghittu; Antonio Azara; Paolo Castiglia. Air pollutants and risk of death due to COVID-19 in Italy. Environmental Research 2020, 192, 110459 .
AMA StyleMarco Dettori, Giovanna Deiana, Ginevra Balletto, Giuseppe Borruso, Beniamino Murgante, Antonella Arghittu, Antonio Azara, Paolo Castiglia. Air pollutants and risk of death due to COVID-19 in Italy. Environmental Research. 2020; 192 ():110459.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Dettori; Giovanna Deiana; Ginevra Balletto; Giuseppe Borruso; Beniamino Murgante; Antonella Arghittu; Antonio Azara; Paolo Castiglia. 2020. "Air pollutants and risk of death due to COVID-19 in Italy." Environmental Research 192, no. : 110459.
SARS-CoV-2 environmental contamination occurs through droplets and biological fluids released in the surroundings from patients or asymptomatic carriers. Surfaces and objects contaminated by saliva or nose secretions represent a risk for indirect transmission of COVID-19. We assayed surfaces from hospital and living spaces to identify the presence of viral RNA and the spread of fomites in the environment. Anthropic contamination by droplets and biological fluids was monitored by detecting the microbiota signature using multiplex RT-PCR on selected species and massive sequencing on 16S-amplicons. A total of 92 samples (flocked swab) were collected from critical areas during the pandemic, including indoor (3 hospitals and 3 public buildings) and outdoor surfaces exposed to anthropic contamination (handles and handrails, playgrounds). Traces of biological fluids were frequently detected in spaces open to the public and on objects that are touched with the hands (>80%). However, viral RNA was not detected in hospital wards or other indoor and outdoor surfaces either in the air system of a COVID-hospital, but only in the surroundings of an infected patient, in consistent association with droplets traces and fomites. Handled objects accumulated the highest level of multiple contaminations by saliva, nose secretions and faecal traces, further supporting the priority role of handwashing in prevention. In conclusion, anthropic contamination by droplets and biological fluids is widespread in spaces open to the public and can be traced by RT-PCR. Monitoring fomites can support evaluation of indirect transmission risks for Coronavirus or other flu-like viruses in the environment. Importance Several studies searched for SARS-CoV-2 in the environment because saliva and nasopharyngeal droplets can land on objects and surfaces creating fomites. However, the ideal indicator would be the detection of the biofluid. This approach was not yet considered, but follows a traditional principle in hygiene, using indicators rather than pathogens. We searched for viral RNA but also for droplets on surfaces at risk. For the first time, we propose to monitor droplets thorugh their microbiota, by RT-PCR or NGS. Even if performed during the pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 wasn’t largely spread on surfaces, unless in proximity of an infectious patient. However, anthropic contamination was frequently at high level, suggesting a putative marker for indirect transmission and risk assessment. Moreover, all SARS-CoV-2-contaminated surfaces showed the droplets’ microbiota. Fomites detection may have an impact on public health, supporting prevention of indirect transmission also for other communicable diseases such as Flu and Flu-like infections. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Andrea Piana; Maria Eugenia Colucci; Federica Valeriani; Adriano Marcolongo; Giovanni Sotgiu; Cesira Pasquarella; Lory Marika Margarucci; Andrea Petrucca; Gianluca Gianfranceschi; Sergio Babudieri; Pietro Vitali; Giuseppe D’Ermo; Assunta Bizzarro; Flavio De Maio; Matteo Vitali; Antonio Azara; Ferdinando Romano; Maurizio Simmaco; Vincenzo Romano Spica. Monitoring COVID-19 transmission risks by RT-PCR tracing of droplets in hospital and living environments. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleAndrea Piana, Maria Eugenia Colucci, Federica Valeriani, Adriano Marcolongo, Giovanni Sotgiu, Cesira Pasquarella, Lory Marika Margarucci, Andrea Petrucca, Gianluca Gianfranceschi, Sergio Babudieri, Pietro Vitali, Giuseppe D’Ermo, Assunta Bizzarro, Flavio De Maio, Matteo Vitali, Antonio Azara, Ferdinando Romano, Maurizio Simmaco, Vincenzo Romano Spica. Monitoring COVID-19 transmission risks by RT-PCR tracing of droplets in hospital and living environments. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrea Piana; Maria Eugenia Colucci; Federica Valeriani; Adriano Marcolongo; Giovanni Sotgiu; Cesira Pasquarella; Lory Marika Margarucci; Andrea Petrucca; Gianluca Gianfranceschi; Sergio Babudieri; Pietro Vitali; Giuseppe D’Ermo; Assunta Bizzarro; Flavio De Maio; Matteo Vitali; Antonio Azara; Ferdinando Romano; Maurizio Simmaco; Vincenzo Romano Spica. 2020. "Monitoring COVID-19 transmission risks by RT-PCR tracing of droplets in hospital and living environments." , no. : 1.
The present work is a cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the risk perception and evaluating the community outrage linked to environmental factors among a self-selected sample of citizens living in an area characterized by the presence of industrial structures of high emotional impact. An anonymous questionnaire was administered to the population by publishing a Google form URL code in local and regional newspapers and via social media. The resulting data were entered on Excel and analyzed. Qualitative variables were summarized with absolute and relative (percentage) frequencies. The results showed that the event that causes the greatest worry was air pollution, with 92.6% of the respondents stating that they perceived the problem as “very” or “quite” worrying. Furthermore, all the health problems investigated in relation to environmental quality aroused concern among the interviewees, with 93.1% believing there was a cause-effect relationship between environmental quality and health. Overall, as other studies had previously underlined, the survey shows that the perceived risks are not always in line with the real ones, Thus, it is imperative to articulate interventions aimed at offering the population objective tools to enable them to interpret the risks themselves. In this regard, a fundamental role is played by adequate communication between the competent bodies and political decision-makers and the population.The present work is a cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the risk perception and evaluating the community outrage linked to environmental factors among a self-selected sample of citizens living in an area characterized by the presence of industrial structures of high emotional impact. An anonymous questionnaire was administered to the population by publishing a Google form URL code in local and regional newspapers and via social media. The resulting data were entered on Excel and analyzed. Qualitative variables were summarized with absolute and relative (percentage) frequencies. The results showed that the event that causes the greatest worry was air pollution, with 92.6% of the respondents stating that they perceived the problem as “very” or “quite” worrying. Furthermore, all the health problems investigated in relation to environmental quality aroused concern among the interviewees, with 93.1% believing there was a cause-effect relationship between environmental quality and health. Overall, as other studies had previously underlined, the survey shows that the perceived risks are not always in line with the real ones, Thus, it is imperative to articulate interventions aimed at offering the population objective tools to enable them to interpret the risks themselves. In this regard, a fundamental role is played by adequate communication between the competent bodies and political decision-makers and the population.
Marco Dettori; Paola Pittaluga; Giulia Busonera; Carmelo Gugliotta; Antonio Azara; Andrea Piana; Antonella Arghittu; Paolo Castiglia. Environmental Risks Perception Among Citizens Living Near Industrial Plants: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 4870 .
AMA StyleMarco Dettori, Paola Pittaluga, Giulia Busonera, Carmelo Gugliotta, Antonio Azara, Andrea Piana, Antonella Arghittu, Paolo Castiglia. Environmental Risks Perception Among Citizens Living Near Industrial Plants: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (13):4870.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Dettori; Paola Pittaluga; Giulia Busonera; Carmelo Gugliotta; Antonio Azara; Andrea Piana; Antonella Arghittu; Paolo Castiglia. 2020. "Environmental Risks Perception Among Citizens Living Near Industrial Plants: A Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 13: 4870.
This study aims to underline the clinical characteristics of patients who died after testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection in one region of Italian and to evaluate the influence of underlying health conditions on the fatal outcome. A matched case-control study was designed by analyzing the data regarding positive subjects observed up to April 21, 2020. The case fatality rate was 7.9%, with a higher proportion of deaths in men than women. The specific standardized mortality ratio was 0.15—0.13 for males and 0.2 for females, showing that mortality is much lower than expected. Cardiovascular diseases, chronic lung diseases and diabetes mellitus showed a significant association with the outcome. Although the case fatality rate in Sardinia in regard to age and gender patterns seems to be similar to that for Italy as a whole, its quantitative value was far lower than the national one and possible explanations might include the genetic characteristics of the Sardinian population or the immediate closure of its borders as soon as the epidemic started. Our results highlighted that lethality is strongly dependent on the presence of multiple concomitant serious diseases. It is important to have epidemiological strategies for effective guidance on public health actions in order to improve chances of survival.
Giovanna Deiana; Antonio Azara; Marco Dettori; Fiorenzo Delogu; Gavino Vargiu; Isabella Gessa; Filippo Stroscio; Marcello Tidore; Giorgio Steri; Paolo Castiglia. Deaths in SARS-Cov-2 Positive Patients in Italy: The Influence of Underlying Health Conditions on Lethality. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 4450 .
AMA StyleGiovanna Deiana, Antonio Azara, Marco Dettori, Fiorenzo Delogu, Gavino Vargiu, Isabella Gessa, Filippo Stroscio, Marcello Tidore, Giorgio Steri, Paolo Castiglia. Deaths in SARS-Cov-2 Positive Patients in Italy: The Influence of Underlying Health Conditions on Lethality. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (12):4450.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanna Deiana; Antonio Azara; Marco Dettori; Fiorenzo Delogu; Gavino Vargiu; Isabella Gessa; Filippo Stroscio; Marcello Tidore; Giorgio Steri; Paolo Castiglia. 2020. "Deaths in SARS-Cov-2 Positive Patients in Italy: The Influence of Underlying Health Conditions on Lethality." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 12: 4450.
The aim of this work is to evaluate the attitudes, behaviours, and knowledge of health workers employed at an Italian University Hospital on the topic of vaccinations and in regard to flu vaccination. To this end, the study provided for the articulation of a computerised questionnaire on the digital platform EUSurvey which was administered online via e-mail to a sample of 457 health workers, in the period between November 2018 and March 2019. The data were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. In particular, a logistic regression analysis was carried out in order to evaluate the relationship between the variables collected and the dichotomous outcome (vaccinated/unvaccinated subjects in the 2018–2019 season). The results, in line with what has been reported by the literature, highlighted that vaccine hesitancy is prevalent also among health workers. Furthermore, according to our study, only 30.6% of the health care workers had the flu vaccination. The survey points out the need to plan educational and informative interventions aimed at changing the attitudes, behaviours, and knowledge of health workers in the field of flu vaccination, for the purpose of protecting the health of healthcare personnel and their patients.
Antonella Arghittu; Marco Dettori; Antonio Azara; Davide Gentili; Antonello Serra; Bruno Contu; Paolo Castiglia. Flu Vaccination Attitudes, Behaviours, and Knowledge among Health Workers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 3185 .
AMA StyleAntonella Arghittu, Marco Dettori, Antonio Azara, Davide Gentili, Antonello Serra, Bruno Contu, Paolo Castiglia. Flu Vaccination Attitudes, Behaviours, and Knowledge among Health Workers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (9):3185.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonella Arghittu; Marco Dettori; Antonio Azara; Davide Gentili; Antonello Serra; Bruno Contu; Paolo Castiglia. 2020. "Flu Vaccination Attitudes, Behaviours, and Knowledge among Health Workers." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 9: 3185.
High levels of disinfection by-products (DBPs) are constantly found in drinking water distributed in Sardinia, an Italian island with a tourist vocation and critical issues related to the drinking water supply. To reduce the concentration of trihalomethanes the disinfectant in use was changed – chlorine dioxide was adopted instead of hypochlorite. However, this caused the appearance of other DBPs (e.g., chlorites) in water distributed to the population. Thus, the use of monochloramine as a secondary disinfectant (associated with chlorine dioxide as the primary disinfectant) was evaluated in four drinking water treatment plants supplied by artificial basins located in the central-northern part of Sardinia. Raw, disinfected and distributed waters were studied for genotoxicity using a battery of in vitro tests on different cells (bacteria, plant and mammalian cells) to detect different genetic endpoints (i.e., point and chromosome mutations and DNA damage). Moreover, a chemical and microbiological characterisation of water samples was performed. All samples of water distributed to the people showed mutagenic or genotoxic effects in different cells/organisms. In particular, chromosome aberrations in plant cells and DNA damage in human cells were observed. In this study, the use of chloramines associated with other disinfectants did not eliminate the mutagenicity present in the raw water and when the raw water was not mutagenic it introduced mutagenic/genotoxic substances. A careful management of drinking water is needed to reduce health hazards associated with the mutagenicity of drinking water.
Donatella Feretti; Mattia Acito; Marco Dettori; Elisabetta Ceretti; Cristina Fatigoni; Stefano Posadino; Ilaria Zerbini; Milena Villarini; Massimo Moretti; Paolo Castiglia; Antonio Azara. Genotoxicity of source, treated and distributed water from four drinking water treatment plants supplied by surface water in Sardinia, Italy. Environmental Research 2020, 185, 109385 .
AMA StyleDonatella Feretti, Mattia Acito, Marco Dettori, Elisabetta Ceretti, Cristina Fatigoni, Stefano Posadino, Ilaria Zerbini, Milena Villarini, Massimo Moretti, Paolo Castiglia, Antonio Azara. Genotoxicity of source, treated and distributed water from four drinking water treatment plants supplied by surface water in Sardinia, Italy. Environmental Research. 2020; 185 ():109385.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDonatella Feretti; Mattia Acito; Marco Dettori; Elisabetta Ceretti; Cristina Fatigoni; Stefano Posadino; Ilaria Zerbini; Milena Villarini; Massimo Moretti; Paolo Castiglia; Antonio Azara. 2020. "Genotoxicity of source, treated and distributed water from four drinking water treatment plants supplied by surface water in Sardinia, Italy." Environmental Research 185, no. : 109385.
Enteric fever is a foodborne infectious disease caused by Salmonella enterica serotypes Typhi and Paratyphi A, B and C. The high incidence in low income countries can increase the risk of disease in travelers coming from high income countries. Pre-travel health advice on hygiene and sanitation practices and vaccines can significantly reduce the risk of acquiring infections. Although the majority of the cases are self-limiting, life-threatening complications can occur. Delayed diagnosis and cases of infections caused by multi-drug resistant strains can complicate the clinical management and affect the prognosis. More international efforts are needed to reduce the burden of disease in low income countries, indirectly reducing the risk of travelers in endemic settings. Surveillance activities can help monitor the epidemiology of cases caused by drug-susceptible and resistant strains.
Narcisa Muresu; Giovanni Sotgiu; Bianca Maria Are; Andrea Cossu; Clementina Cocuzza; Marianna Martinelli; Sergio Babudieri; Riccardo Are; Marco Dettori; Antonio Azara; Laura Saderi; Andrea Piana. Travel-Related Typhoid Fever: Narrative Review of the Scientific Literature. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 615 .
AMA StyleNarcisa Muresu, Giovanni Sotgiu, Bianca Maria Are, Andrea Cossu, Clementina Cocuzza, Marianna Martinelli, Sergio Babudieri, Riccardo Are, Marco Dettori, Antonio Azara, Laura Saderi, Andrea Piana. Travel-Related Typhoid Fever: Narrative Review of the Scientific Literature. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (2):615.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNarcisa Muresu; Giovanni Sotgiu; Bianca Maria Are; Andrea Cossu; Clementina Cocuzza; Marianna Martinelli; Sergio Babudieri; Riccardo Are; Marco Dettori; Antonio Azara; Laura Saderi; Andrea Piana. 2020. "Travel-Related Typhoid Fever: Narrative Review of the Scientific Literature." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 2: 615.
Among the determinants of environmental health risk perception, health literacy and social media messages have been generally neglected. This study details the environmental health risk perception and its determinants in Italian university students, including a measure of functional health literacy and an analysis of newspapers and social media. A cross sectional survey was carried out among students from 15 Italian universities and different disciplines (grouped into Scientific-Health and Humanistic-Legal-Social sectors) using a self-administered anonymous questionnaire, divided into six sections: socio-demographic characteristics, information on health and environment, environmental health risk perception, trust, attitudes and behaviors and functional health literacy. Local newspapers and tweets in the same areas and period were analyzed in relation to quantity and topics. The study population included 4778 students (65.1% female) aged 21 ± 4.3 years, and functional health literacy was low (below the cutoff value) for 44.4% of students. A new outcome of the survey is that the detected association between high functional health literacy a higher global health risk perception and trust in institutions both as sources of information and as actors for protection against environmental risks. The internet and social networks were the most frequently consulted sources of information (77.7%), which was predictive of a higher risk perception. The possible relation between environmental health risk perception and tweet communication was highlighted by a comparison between the risk perception in the city with the highest number of tweets (Modena) and another one similar for socio-demographic characteristics (Pisa). In conclusion, the results of our study may be of help to strengthen information and education programs: functional health literacy should be taken into account in school programs, to produce a basic knowledge for a better understanding of health and environment. Moreover, mass and social media should be included in planning communication intervention and in verifying their results.
Annalaura Carducci; Maria Fiore; Antonio Azara; Guglielmo Bonaccorsi; Martina Bortoletto; Giuseppina Caggiano; Andrea Calamusa; Antonella De Donno; Osvalda De Giglio; Marco Dettori; Pamela Di Giovanni; Angela Di Pietro; Alessio Facciolà; Ileana Federigi; Iolanda Grappasonni; Alberto Izzotti; Giovanni Libralato; Chiara Lorini; Maria Teresa Montagna; Liberata Keti Nicolosi; Grazia Paladino; Giacomo Palomba; Fabio Petrelli; Tiziana Schilirò; Stefania Scuri; Francesca Serio; Marina Tesauro; Marco Verani; Marco Vinceti; Federica Violi; Margherita Ferrante. Environment and health: Risk perception and its determinants among Italian university students. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 691, 1162 -1172.
AMA StyleAnnalaura Carducci, Maria Fiore, Antonio Azara, Guglielmo Bonaccorsi, Martina Bortoletto, Giuseppina Caggiano, Andrea Calamusa, Antonella De Donno, Osvalda De Giglio, Marco Dettori, Pamela Di Giovanni, Angela Di Pietro, Alessio Facciolà, Ileana Federigi, Iolanda Grappasonni, Alberto Izzotti, Giovanni Libralato, Chiara Lorini, Maria Teresa Montagna, Liberata Keti Nicolosi, Grazia Paladino, Giacomo Palomba, Fabio Petrelli, Tiziana Schilirò, Stefania Scuri, Francesca Serio, Marina Tesauro, Marco Verani, Marco Vinceti, Federica Violi, Margherita Ferrante. Environment and health: Risk perception and its determinants among Italian university students. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 691 ():1162-1172.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnnalaura Carducci; Maria Fiore; Antonio Azara; Guglielmo Bonaccorsi; Martina Bortoletto; Giuseppina Caggiano; Andrea Calamusa; Antonella De Donno; Osvalda De Giglio; Marco Dettori; Pamela Di Giovanni; Angela Di Pietro; Alessio Facciolà; Ileana Federigi; Iolanda Grappasonni; Alberto Izzotti; Giovanni Libralato; Chiara Lorini; Maria Teresa Montagna; Liberata Keti Nicolosi; Grazia Paladino; Giacomo Palomba; Fabio Petrelli; Tiziana Schilirò; Stefania Scuri; Francesca Serio; Marina Tesauro; Marco Verani; Marco Vinceti; Federica Violi; Margherita Ferrante. 2019. "Environment and health: Risk perception and its determinants among Italian university students." Science of The Total Environment 691, no. : 1162-1172.
Recent studies in public health have focused on determining the influences of the built environment on the population’s physical and mental health status. In order to promote active transport and physical activity, considered favorable behavior for the prevention non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as obesity, it is necessary to reduce the negative effects of the built environment and develop positive ones, such as, for example, a walkable urban space. The aim of the research is to define a city’s walkability assessment framework capable of highlighting points of strength and weakness in its urban environment. All of the aspects that have a direct influence (evidence-based) on fostering the adoption of healthy lifestyles or promoting active transport as a strategy to increase the level of physical activity due to the existence of daily urban travel should be considered. After conducting a literature review aimed at identifying all of the existing assessment tools, 20 research studies were examined in detail. The new evaluation method arises from the comparison and critical selection of the various qualitative–quantitative indicators found, integrated into a multi-criteria analysis structure of dual-scale survey, with reference to walkability and paying attention to those indicators that have implications on health promotion. The new assessment framework, named Milano Walkability Measurement (MWM), is applicable in different urban contexts and was tested in two different areas of Milan. The Macro dimension (i.e., Density, Diversity, and Design criteria) refers to the urban scale and examines the city from a top view. It describes quantitatively the overall urban factors (urban area size equal to 1.5 Km2; typology of data: archival). The Micro dimension (i.e., Usefulness, Safeness, Comfort, and Aesthetics criteria) investigates the city at the street scale level. It describes qualitatively features of the outdoor spaces (road length of about 500/700 mt; typology of data: observational). Finally, the framework was weighted by comparison with a panel of experts. The expected results were reflected in the design recommendations based on the collected qualitative-quantitative data. The developed assessment method brings innovative criteria such as the multi-scaling assessment phase (Macro and Micro) and the ability to take into consideration aspects that according to the literature have relationships with health promotion linked to the improvement of a healthy lifestyle, related to daily active transportation choices. The design recommendations are useful both to policy-makers, to make evidence-based specific choices, and to designers, to understand what aspects of the urban environment must be improved or implemented in order to promote a walkable city.
Andrea Rebecchi; Maddalena Buffoli; Marco Dettori; Letizia Appolloni; Antonio Azara; Paolo Castiglia; Daniela D’Alessandro; Stefano Capolongo. Walkable Environments and Healthy Urban Moves: Urban Context Features Assessment Framework Experienced in Milan. Sustainability 2019, 11, 2778 .
AMA StyleAndrea Rebecchi, Maddalena Buffoli, Marco Dettori, Letizia Appolloni, Antonio Azara, Paolo Castiglia, Daniela D’Alessandro, Stefano Capolongo. Walkable Environments and Healthy Urban Moves: Urban Context Features Assessment Framework Experienced in Milan. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (10):2778.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrea Rebecchi; Maddalena Buffoli; Marco Dettori; Letizia Appolloni; Antonio Azara; Paolo Castiglia; Daniela D’Alessandro; Stefano Capolongo. 2019. "Walkable Environments and Healthy Urban Moves: Urban Context Features Assessment Framework Experienced in Milan." Sustainability 11, no. 10: 2778.
In recent years, a phenomenon known as "vaccine hesitancy" has spread throughout the world, even among health workers, determining a reduction in vaccination coverage (VC).A study aimed at evaluating VC among healthcare workers (HCWs) in 10 Italian cities (L'Aquila, Genoa, Milan, Palermo, Sassari, Catanzaro, Ferrara, Catania, Naples, Messina) was performed. Annex 3 of the Presidential Decree n. 445 of 28 December 2000 was used to collect information on the vaccination status of HCWs. The mean and standard deviation (SD) were calculated with regard to the quantitative variable (age), while absolute and relative frequencies were obtained for categorical data (sex, professional profile, working sector, vaccination status). The connection between VC and the categorical variables was evaluated by chi-square method (statistical significance at p < 0.05). The statistical analyses were performed by SPSS and Stata software. A total of 3,454 HCWs participated in the project: 1,236 males and 2,218 females.The sample comprised: physicians (26.9%), trainee physicians (16.1%), nurses (17.2%) and other professional categories (9.8%). Low VC was generally recorded. Higher VC was found with regard to polio, hepatitis B, tetanus and diphtheria, while coverage was very low for measles, mumps, rubella, pertussis, chickenpox and influenza (20-30%). This study revealed low VC rates among HCWs for all the vaccinations. Measures to increase VC are therefore necessary in order to prevent HCWs from becoming a source of transmission of infections with high morbidity and/or mortality both within hospitals and outside.
C. Genovese; I.A.M. Picerno; Giuseppe Trimarchi; G. Cannavò; G. Egitto; B. Cosenza; V. Merlina; G. Icardi; D. Panatto; D. Amicizia; A. Orsi; C. Colosio; C. Marsili; C. Lari; M.A.R. Palamara; F. Vitale; A. Casuccio; C. Costantino; A. Azara; P. Castiglia; A. Bianco; A. Currà; G. Gabutti; A. Stefanati; F. Sandri; C. Florescu; M. Marranzano; G. Giorgianni; V. Fiore; Armando Platania; I. Torre; A. Cappuccio; A. Guillari; L. Fabiani; A.R. Giuliani; A. Appetiti; V. La Fauci; A. Squeri; Rosalia Ragusa; R. Squeri. Vaccination coverage in healthcare workers: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Italy. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene 2019, 60, E12 -E17.
AMA StyleC. Genovese, I.A.M. Picerno, Giuseppe Trimarchi, G. Cannavò, G. Egitto, B. Cosenza, V. Merlina, G. Icardi, D. Panatto, D. Amicizia, A. Orsi, C. Colosio, C. Marsili, C. Lari, M.A.R. Palamara, F. Vitale, A. Casuccio, C. Costantino, A. Azara, P. Castiglia, A. Bianco, A. Currà, G. Gabutti, A. Stefanati, F. Sandri, C. Florescu, M. Marranzano, G. Giorgianni, V. Fiore, Armando Platania, I. Torre, A. Cappuccio, A. Guillari, L. Fabiani, A.R. Giuliani, A. Appetiti, V. La Fauci, A. Squeri, Rosalia Ragusa, R. Squeri. Vaccination coverage in healthcare workers: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Italy. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene. 2019; 60 (1):E12-E17.
Chicago/Turabian StyleC. Genovese; I.A.M. Picerno; Giuseppe Trimarchi; G. Cannavò; G. Egitto; B. Cosenza; V. Merlina; G. Icardi; D. Panatto; D. Amicizia; A. Orsi; C. Colosio; C. Marsili; C. Lari; M.A.R. Palamara; F. Vitale; A. Casuccio; C. Costantino; A. Azara; P. Castiglia; A. Bianco; A. Currà; G. Gabutti; A. Stefanati; F. Sandri; C. Florescu; M. Marranzano; G. Giorgianni; V. Fiore; Armando Platania; I. Torre; A. Cappuccio; A. Guillari; L. Fabiani; A.R. Giuliani; A. Appetiti; V. La Fauci; A. Squeri; Rosalia Ragusa; R. Squeri. 2019. "Vaccination coverage in healthcare workers: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Italy." Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene 60, no. 1: E12-E17.
The aim of the work is to evaluate the effectiveness of the risk communication strategies in cases of unsafe drinking water supply in Sardinia, the Italian context with the highest population distrust in drinking water safety. During the period 2010⁻2015, the ordinances published on the institutional websites were analyzed, and the population risk perception was evaluated by applying, for the first time in public health threats, the "OUTRAGE Prediction & Management" software released by Sandman. Overall, 417 ordinances issued by the Sardinian Municipalities were found. Only 1.5% of the ordinances reported information about parameters, concentrations, and risks to health, whereas 4.8% indicated only the parameters and non-standard levels. By contrast, 53.2% specified only the non-standard parameter, and 40.5% indicated a generic non-drinking motivation. The outrage assessment showed values exceeding the threshold of risk acceptance, attributable to the lack and low clarity of the information reported by the ordinances. The present study allowed us to highlight critical issues in risk communication of the quality of drinking water.
Marco Dettori; Antonio Azara; Erika Loria; Andrea Piana; Maria Dolores Masia; Alessandra Palmieri; Andrea Cossu; Paolo Castiglia. Population Distrust of Drinking Water Safety. Community Outrage Analysis, Prediction and Management. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 1004 .
AMA StyleMarco Dettori, Antonio Azara, Erika Loria, Andrea Piana, Maria Dolores Masia, Alessandra Palmieri, Andrea Cossu, Paolo Castiglia. Population Distrust of Drinking Water Safety. Community Outrage Analysis, Prediction and Management. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (6):1004.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Dettori; Antonio Azara; Erika Loria; Andrea Piana; Maria Dolores Masia; Alessandra Palmieri; Andrea Cossu; Paolo Castiglia. 2019. "Population Distrust of Drinking Water Safety. Community Outrage Analysis, Prediction and Management." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 6: 1004.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between social deprivation indexes and anti-influenza vaccination coverage in the elderly population (over 65 years old) in Sardinia. This relationship was first observed in a regional context. An already-known deprivation index was used, and its trivial relationship with anti-influenza vaccination coverage was evaluated. Secondly, the same relationship was assessed in the homogeneous area of the Municipality of Sassari. This required the adoption of an ad hoc deprivation index, which allowed us to stratify the population into deprivation groups and to correlate vaccination coverage with socio-economic variables. The results showed that regional anti-influenza vaccination coverage increased linearly as deprivation decreased. This trend was confirmed in the Municipality of Sassari. Pearson's analysis highlighted factors that significantly correlate with vaccination coverage. In Sardinia, the relationship between anti-influenza vaccination coverage and socio-economic status is consistent with the international panorama, and highlights the necessity to implement interventions to promote vaccination coverage among the elderly.
A. Arghittu; M. Dettori; M.D. Masia; A. Azara; E. Dempsey; P. Castiglia. Social deprivation indexes and anti-influenza vaccination coverage in the elderly in Sardinia, Italy, with a focus on the Sassari municipality. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene 2019, 59, E45 -E50.
AMA StyleA. Arghittu, M. Dettori, M.D. Masia, A. Azara, E. Dempsey, P. Castiglia. Social deprivation indexes and anti-influenza vaccination coverage in the elderly in Sardinia, Italy, with a focus on the Sassari municipality. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene. 2019; 59 ():E45-E50.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Arghittu; M. Dettori; M.D. Masia; A. Azara; E. Dempsey; P. Castiglia. 2019. "Social deprivation indexes and anti-influenza vaccination coverage in the elderly in Sardinia, Italy, with a focus on the Sassari municipality." Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene 59, no. : E45-E50.
Daily walking is a recommended physical activity. It can be an all-age suitable, environment-friendly transport option. However, traffic crashes are a widely recognized risk factor, associated with drivers’ errors or a combination of several environmental factors, including physical characteristics of the road space. The aim of this study was to assess the characteristics of built environments on pedestrian safety. Data on road accidents that had occurred between 2005 and 2015, in Alghero, Italy, were retrieved and matched with spatial and functional street qualities. On-street parking was found to increase the risk of pedestrian accidents by about two times, whereas, narrow travel lanes and intersections reduced the incidence of crashes and their public relevance. These field results could inform urban health and spatial planning policies with the final goal of improving health and providing more sustainable models of urban organization.
Tanja Congiu; Giovanni Sotgiu; Paolo Castiglia; Antonio Azara; Andrea Piana; Laura Saderi; Marco Dettori. Built Environment Features and Pedestrian Accidents: An Italian Retrospective Study. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1064 .
AMA StyleTanja Congiu, Giovanni Sotgiu, Paolo Castiglia, Antonio Azara, Andrea Piana, Laura Saderi, Marco Dettori. Built Environment Features and Pedestrian Accidents: An Italian Retrospective Study. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (4):1064.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTanja Congiu; Giovanni Sotgiu; Paolo Castiglia; Antonio Azara; Andrea Piana; Laura Saderi; Marco Dettori. 2019. "Built Environment Features and Pedestrian Accidents: An Italian Retrospective Study." Sustainability 11, no. 4: 1064.
Starting from a previous experience carried out by the working group “Building and Environmental Hygiene” of the Italian Society of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine (SItI), the aim of the present work is to define new strategic goals for achieving a “Healthy and Salutogenic City”, which will be useful to designers, local governments and public bodies, policy makers, and all professionals working at local health agencies. Ten key points have been formulated: 1. climate change and management of adverse weather events; 2. land consumption, sprawl, and shrinking cities; 3. tactical urbanism and urban resilience; 4. urban comfort, safety, and security perception; 5. strengths and weaknesses of urban green areas and infrastructures; 6. urban solid waste management; 7. housing emergencies in relation to socio-economic and environmental changes; 8. energy aspects and environmental planning at an urban scale; 9. socio-assistance and welfare network at an urban scale: importance of a rational and widespread system; and 10. new forms of living, conscious of coparticipation models and aware of sharing quality objectives. Design strategies, actions, and policies, identified to improve public health and wellbeing, underline that the connection between morphological and functional features of urban context and public health is crucial for contemporary cities and modern societies.
Stefano Capolongo; Andrea Rebecchi; Marco Dettori; Letizia Appolloni; Antonio Azara; Maddalena Buffoli; Lorenzo Capasso; Alessandra Casuccio; Gea Oliveri Conti; Alessandro D’Amico; Margherita Ferrante; Umberto Moscato; Ilaria Oberti; Lorenzo Paglione; Vincenzo Restivo; Daniela D’Alessandro. Healthy Design and Urban Planning Strategies, Actions, and Policy to Achieve Salutogenic Cities. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 15, 2698 .
AMA StyleStefano Capolongo, Andrea Rebecchi, Marco Dettori, Letizia Appolloni, Antonio Azara, Maddalena Buffoli, Lorenzo Capasso, Alessandra Casuccio, Gea Oliveri Conti, Alessandro D’Amico, Margherita Ferrante, Umberto Moscato, Ilaria Oberti, Lorenzo Paglione, Vincenzo Restivo, Daniela D’Alessandro. Healthy Design and Urban Planning Strategies, Actions, and Policy to Achieve Salutogenic Cities. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15 (12):2698.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStefano Capolongo; Andrea Rebecchi; Marco Dettori; Letizia Appolloni; Antonio Azara; Maddalena Buffoli; Lorenzo Capasso; Alessandra Casuccio; Gea Oliveri Conti; Alessandro D’Amico; Margherita Ferrante; Umberto Moscato; Ilaria Oberti; Lorenzo Paglione; Vincenzo Restivo; Daniela D’Alessandro. 2018. "Healthy Design and Urban Planning Strategies, Actions, and Policy to Achieve Salutogenic Cities." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 12: 2698.