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The integration of thermal and electrical systems offers potential for exchanging system services. Studies of integrated energy systems typically represent the system quasi-statically, and use implicit control schemes, e.g. through optimisation formulations. However, properly characterising services offered between these systems and their cross-domain impact, requires both modelling these systems at time-scales congruent with operation, and explicitly modelling their control flow. By modelling both domain- and control systems explicitly, we show how a co-simulation tool-chain allows examining the impact of flexibility provision in one domain on another, as well as evaluating cross-domain control strategies. We further examine the impact time resolution has on the perceived benefit of cross-domain service provision, specifically whether quasi-static studies lead to systematic over- or under-estimation of the benefits from cross-domain integration.
Thibaut Pierre Richert; Tue Vissing Jensen. Simulating services from power-to-heat components in integrated energy systems. Electric Power Systems Research 2020, 189, 106778 .
AMA StyleThibaut Pierre Richert, Tue Vissing Jensen. Simulating services from power-to-heat components in integrated energy systems. Electric Power Systems Research. 2020; 189 ():106778.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThibaut Pierre Richert; Tue Vissing Jensen. 2020. "Simulating services from power-to-heat components in integrated energy systems." Electric Power Systems Research 189, no. : 106778.
This paper presents an approach to extend the capabilities of smart grid laboratories through the concept of Power Hardware-in-the-Loop (PHiL) testing by re-purposing existing grid-forming converters. A simple and cost-effective power interface, paired with a remotely located Digital Real-time Simulator (DRTS), facilitates Geographically Distributed Power Hardware Loop (GD-PHiL) in a quasi-static operating regime. In this study, a DRTS simulator was interfaced via the public internet with a grid-forming ship-to-shore converter located in a smart-grid testing laboratory, approximately 40 km away from the simulator. A case study based on the IEEE 13-bus distribution network, an on-load-tap-changer (OLTC) controller and a controllable load in the laboratory demonstrated the feasibility of such a setup. A simple compensation method applicable to this multi-rate setup is proposed and evaluated. Experimental results indicate that this compensation method significantly enhances the voltage response, whereas the conservation of energy at the coupling point still poses a challenge. Findings also show that, due to inherent limitations of the converter’s Modbus interface, a separate measurement setup is preferable. This can help achieve higher measurement fidelity, while simultaneously increasing the loop rate of the PHiL setup.
Steffen Vogel; Ha Thi Nguyen; Marija Stevic; Tue Vissing Jensen; Kai Heussen; Vetrivel Subramaniam Rajkumar; Antonello Monti. Distributed Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing Using a Grid-Forming Converter as Power Interface. Energies 2020, 13, 3770 .
AMA StyleSteffen Vogel, Ha Thi Nguyen, Marija Stevic, Tue Vissing Jensen, Kai Heussen, Vetrivel Subramaniam Rajkumar, Antonello Monti. Distributed Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing Using a Grid-Forming Converter as Power Interface. Energies. 2020; 13 (15):3770.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSteffen Vogel; Ha Thi Nguyen; Marija Stevic; Tue Vissing Jensen; Kai Heussen; Vetrivel Subramaniam Rajkumar; Antonello Monti. 2020. "Distributed Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing Using a Grid-Forming Converter as Power Interface." Energies 13, no. 15: 3770.
Smart energy solutions aim to modify and optimise the operation of existing energy infrastructure. Such cyber-physical technology must be mature before deployment to the actual infrastructure, and competitive solutions will have to be compliant to standards still under development. Achieving this technology readiness and harmonisation requires reproducible experiments and appropriately realistic testing environments. Such testbeds for multi-domain cyber-physical experiments are complex in and of themselves. This work addresses a method for the scoping and design of experiments where both testbed and solution each require detailed expertise. This empirical work first revisited present test description approaches, developed a newdescription method for cyber-physical energy systems testing, and matured it by means of user involvement. The new Holistic Test Description (HTD) method facilitates the conception, deconstruction and reproduction of complex experimental designs in the domains of cyber-physical energy systems. This work develops the background and motivation, offers a guideline and examples to the proposed approach, and summarises experience from three years of its application.
Kai Heussen; Cornelius Steinbrink; Ibrahim F. Abdulhadi; Van Hoa Nguyen; Merkebu Z. Degefa; Julia Merino; Tue V. Jensen; Hao Guo; Oliver Gehrke; Daniel Esteban Morales Bondy; Davood Babazadeh; Filip Pröstl Andrén; Thomas I. Strasser. ERIGrid Holistic Test Description for Validating Cyber-Physical Energy Systems. Energies 2019, 12, 2722 .
AMA StyleKai Heussen, Cornelius Steinbrink, Ibrahim F. Abdulhadi, Van Hoa Nguyen, Merkebu Z. Degefa, Julia Merino, Tue V. Jensen, Hao Guo, Oliver Gehrke, Daniel Esteban Morales Bondy, Davood Babazadeh, Filip Pröstl Andrén, Thomas I. Strasser. ERIGrid Holistic Test Description for Validating Cyber-Physical Energy Systems. Energies. 2019; 12 (14):2722.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKai Heussen; Cornelius Steinbrink; Ibrahim F. Abdulhadi; Van Hoa Nguyen; Merkebu Z. Degefa; Julia Merino; Tue V. Jensen; Hao Guo; Oliver Gehrke; Daniel Esteban Morales Bondy; Davood Babazadeh; Filip Pröstl Andrén; Thomas I. Strasser. 2019. "ERIGrid Holistic Test Description for Validating Cyber-Physical Energy Systems." Energies 12, no. 14: 2722.
In contrast to existing frameworks for Available Transfer Capacity (ATC) determination, we propose to define ATCs in an integrated and data-driven manner, optimizing for expected operational costs of the whole system to derive cost-optimal ATCs. These ATCs are purely financial parameters, separate from the physical ATCs based on security indices only typically used in zonal electricity markets today. Determining cost-optimal ATCs requires viewing ATCs as an endogenous market construct, and leads naturally to the definition of a market entity whose responsibility is to optimize ATCs. The optimization problem which this entity solves is a stochastic bilevel problem, which we decompose to yield a computationally tractable formulation. We show that cost-optimal ATCs depend non-trivially on the underlying network structure, and the problem of finding a set of cost-optimal ATCs is in general non-convex. On a Europeanscale test system, cost-optimal ATCs achieve expected total costs midway between those for non-integrated ATCs and a fully stochastic nodal setup. This benefit comes from qualitatively different ATCs compared to typical definitions, with ATCs which exceed the physical cross-border capacity by a factor of 2 or more, and ATCs which are zero between well-connected areas. Our results indicate that the perceived efficiency gap between zonal and nodal markets may be exagerrated if non-optimal ATCs are used.
Tue Vissing Jensen; Jalal Kazempour; Pierre Pinson. Cost-Optimal ATCs in Zonal Electricity Markets. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 2017, 33, 3624 -3633.
AMA StyleTue Vissing Jensen, Jalal Kazempour, Pierre Pinson. Cost-Optimal ATCs in Zonal Electricity Markets. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems. 2017; 33 (4):3624-3633.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTue Vissing Jensen; Jalal Kazempour; Pierre Pinson. 2017. "Cost-Optimal ATCs in Zonal Electricity Markets." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 33, no. 4: 3624-3633.
Future highly renewable energy systems will couple to complex weather and climate dynamics. This coupling is generally not captured in detail by the open models developed in the power and energy system communities, where such open models exist. To enable modeling such a future energy system, we describe a dedicated large-scale dataset for a renewable electric power system. The dataset combines a transmission network model, as well as information for generation and demand. Generation includes conventional generators with their technical and economic characteristics, as well as weather-driven forecasts and corresponding realizations for renewable energy generation for a period of 3 years. These may be scaled according to the envisioned degrees of renewable penetration in a future European energy system. The spatial coverage, completeness and resolution of this dataset, open the door to the evaluation, scaling analysis and replicability check of a wealth of proposals in, e.g., market design, network actor coordination and forecasting of renewable power generation.
Tue V. Jensen; Pierre Pinson. RE-Europe, a large-scale dataset for modeling a highly renewable European electricity system. Scientific Data 2017, 4, 170175 .
AMA StyleTue V. Jensen, Pierre Pinson. RE-Europe, a large-scale dataset for modeling a highly renewable European electricity system. Scientific Data. 2017; 4 (1):170175.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTue V. Jensen; Pierre Pinson. 2017. "RE-Europe, a large-scale dataset for modeling a highly renewable European electricity system." Scientific Data 4, no. 1: 170175.
Proliferation of wind power generation is increasingly making this power source an important asset in designs of energy and reserve markets. Intuitively, wind power producers will require the development of new offering strategies that maximize the expected profit in both energy and reserve markets while fulfilling the market rules and its operational limits. In this paper, we implement and exploit the controllability of the proportional control strategy. This strategy allows the splitting of potentially available wind power generation in energy and reserve markets. In addition, we take advantage of better forecast information from the different day-ahead and balancing stages, allowing different shares of energy and reserve in both stages. Under these assumptions, different mathematical methods able to deal with the uncertain nature of wind power generation, namely, stochastic programming, with McCormick relaxation and piecewise linear decision rules are adapted and tested aiming to maximize the expected revenue for participating in both energy and reserve markets, while accounting for estimated balancing costs for failing to provide energy and reserve. A set of numerical examples, as well as a case study based on real data, allow the analysis and evaluation of the performance and behavior of such techniques. An important conclusion is that the use of the proposed approaches offers a degree of freedom in terms of minimizing balancing costs for the wind power producer strategically to participate in both energy and reserve markets. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tiago Soares; Tue Vissing Jensen; Nicolò Mazzi; Pierre Pinson; Hugo Morais. Optimal offering and allocation policies for wind power in energy and reserve markets. Wind Energy 2017, 20, 1851 -1870.
AMA StyleTiago Soares, Tue Vissing Jensen, Nicolò Mazzi, Pierre Pinson, Hugo Morais. Optimal offering and allocation policies for wind power in energy and reserve markets. Wind Energy. 2017; 20 (11):1851-1870.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiago Soares; Tue Vissing Jensen; Nicolò Mazzi; Pierre Pinson; Hugo Morais. 2017. "Optimal offering and allocation policies for wind power in energy and reserve markets." Wind Energy 20, no. 11: 1851-1870.
Wind power generation is to play an important role in supplying electric power demand, and will certainly impact the design of future energy and reserve markets. Operators of wind power plants will consequently develop adequate offering strategies, accounting for the market rules and the operational capabilities of the turbines, e.g., to participate in primary reserve markets. We consider two different offering strategies for joint participation of wind power in energy and primary reserve markets, based on the idea of proportional and constant splitting of potentially available power generation from the turbines. These offering strategies aim at maximizing expected revenues from both market floors using probabilistic forecasts for wind power generation, complemented with estimated regulation costs and penalties for failing to provide primary reserve. A set of numerical examples, as well as a case-study based on real-world data, allows illustrating and discussing the properties of these offering strategies. An important conclusion is that, even though technically possible, it may not always make sense for wind power to aim at providing system services in a market environment.
Tiago Soares; Pierre Pinson; Tue Vissing Jensen; Hugo Morais. Optimal Offering Strategies for Wind Power in Energy and Primary Reserve Markets. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy 2016, 7, 1036 -1045.
AMA StyleTiago Soares, Pierre Pinson, Tue Vissing Jensen, Hugo Morais. Optimal Offering Strategies for Wind Power in Energy and Primary Reserve Markets. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy. 2016; 7 (3):1036-1045.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiago Soares; Pierre Pinson; Tue Vissing Jensen; Hugo Morais. 2016. "Optimal Offering Strategies for Wind Power in Energy and Primary Reserve Markets." IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy 7, no. 3: 1036-1045.
Due to global environmental concerns, our electricity supply will transform from mostly conventional power generation to mostly fluctuating renewable power generation. The transition will require combined backup from conventional sources and storage. A phase transition emerges during the ramp-up of the required amount of storage, with renewable penetration being the control parameter and average relative storage filling level being the order parameter. A singularity appears for the required storage energy capacity at a renewable penetration determined by the parameters of the storage. For an ideal storage with no roundtrip losses the transition occurs at 100% renewable penetration. Moreover, the required storage energy capacity is strongly enhanced by temporal correlations on the synoptic weather time scale. A Markov process is proposed, which reproduces these findings.
Tue Vissing Jensen; Martin Greiner. Emergence of a phase transition for the required amount of storage in highly renewable electricity systems. The European Physical Journal Special Topics 2014, 223, 2475 -2481.
AMA StyleTue Vissing Jensen, Martin Greiner. Emergence of a phase transition for the required amount of storage in highly renewable electricity systems. The European Physical Journal Special Topics. 2014; 223 (12):2475-2481.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTue Vissing Jensen; Martin Greiner. 2014. "Emergence of a phase transition for the required amount of storage in highly renewable electricity systems." The European Physical Journal Special Topics 223, no. 12: 2475-2481.