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The increasing worldwide demand on urban road transportation systems requires more restrictive measures and policies to reduce congestion, time delay and pollution. Autonomous vehicle mobility services, both shared and private, are possibly a good step towards a better road transportation future. This article aims to study the expected impact of private autonomous vehicles on road traffic parameters from a macroscopic level. The proposed methodology focuses on finding the different effects of different combinations of autonomous vehicle penetration and Passenger Car Units (PCU) on the chosen road traffic model. Four parameters are studied: traveled daily kilometers, daily hours, total daily delay and average network speed. The analysis improves the four parameters differently by implementing autonomous vehicles. The parameter total delay has the most significant reduction. Finally, several mathematical models are developed for the percentage of improvement for each chosen parameter.
Mohammed Obaid; Arpad Torok. Macroscopic Traffic Simulation of Autonomous Vehicle Effects. Vehicles 2021, 3, 187 -196.
AMA StyleMohammed Obaid, Arpad Torok. Macroscopic Traffic Simulation of Autonomous Vehicle Effects. Vehicles. 2021; 3 (2):187-196.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammed Obaid; Arpad Torok. 2021. "Macroscopic Traffic Simulation of Autonomous Vehicle Effects." Vehicles 3, no. 2: 187-196.
Several transport policies reduce pollution levels caused by private vehicles by introducing autonomous or electric vehicles and encouraging mode shift from private to public transport through park and ride (P&R) facilities. However, combining the policies of introducing autonomous vehicles with the implementation of electric vehicles and using the P&R system could amplify the decrease of transport sector emissions. The COPERT software has been used to calculate the emissions. This article aims to study these policies and determine which combinations can better reduce pollution. The result shows that each combination of autonomous vehicles reduces pollution to different degrees. In conclusion, the shift to more sustainable transport modes through autonomous electric vehicles and P&R systems reduces pollution in the urban environment to a higher percentage. In contrast, the combination of autonomous vehicles has lower emission reduction but is easier to implement with the currently available infrastructure.
Mohammed Obaid; Arpad Torok; Jairo Ortega. A Comprehensive Emissions Model Combining Autonomous Vehicles with Park and Ride and Electric Vehicle Transportation Policies. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4653 .
AMA StyleMohammed Obaid, Arpad Torok, Jairo Ortega. A Comprehensive Emissions Model Combining Autonomous Vehicles with Park and Ride and Electric Vehicle Transportation Policies. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4653.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammed Obaid; Arpad Torok; Jairo Ortega. 2021. "A Comprehensive Emissions Model Combining Autonomous Vehicles with Park and Ride and Electric Vehicle Transportation Policies." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4653.