This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.

Dr. Carloalberto Petti
Department of Science and Health, Institute of Technology Carlow, Carlow, R93 V960, Ireland

Basic Info


Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Phytoremediation
0 Plant Breeding
0 Plant Genetics
0 Plant Microbe Interactions and Fungal Biology
0 Genomics and Transgenesis

Fingerprints

Phytoremediation
Plant Microbe Interactions and Fungal Biology

Honors and Awards

The user has no records in this section


Career Timeline

The user has no records in this section.


Short Biography

The user biography is not available.
Following
Followers
Co Authors
The list of users this user is following is empty.
Following: 0 users

Feed

Review
Published: 03 July 2021 in Biology
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Biological invasions are renowned for their negative ecological and economic implications, however from studying invasions invaluable insights can be gained in the fields of ecology and evolution- potentially contributing towards conservation plans to deal, not only with biological invasion, but with other concerning issues, such as climate change. Impatiens glandulifera, or Himalayan balsam, is widely considered to be a highly problematic invasive, having spread across more than thirty countries during the past century. This paper will examine the findings which have arose from studying I. glandulifera and its impacts on the invaded ecosystem.

ACS Style

Stephanie Coakley; Carloalberto Petti. Impacts of the Invasive Impatiens glandulifera: Lessons Learned from One of Europe’s Top Invasive Species. Biology 2021, 10, 619 .

AMA Style

Stephanie Coakley, Carloalberto Petti. Impacts of the Invasive Impatiens glandulifera: Lessons Learned from One of Europe’s Top Invasive Species. Biology. 2021; 10 (7):619.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stephanie Coakley; Carloalberto Petti. 2021. "Impacts of the Invasive Impatiens glandulifera: Lessons Learned from One of Europe’s Top Invasive Species." Biology 10, no. 7: 619.

Journal article
Published: 09 February 2021 in Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This paper aims to develop our understanding of the effect of cadmium (Cd) on Impatiens glandulifera, a recently identified potential Cd hyperaccumulator. Impatiens glandulifera plants were exposed to three concentrations of Cd (20, 60 and 90 mg/kg) and were sampled at two timepoints (one and seven days) to investigate the stress response of I. glandulifera to Cd. Cd can induce oxidative stress in plants, triggering overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The level of activity of catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), two crucial antioxidant enzymes responsible for detoxifying ROS, were found to increase in a concentration dependent manner. Though there was no change observed in the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, the activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST), involved in detoxifying and sequestering Cd, increased after exposure to Cd. Cd did not appear to impact the levels of proline and photosynthetic pigments, indicating the plants weren't stressed by the presence of Cd. These results suggest that the rapid response observed in enzyme activity aid the efficacious mitigation of the toxic effects of Cd, preventing significant physiological stress in I. glandulifera.

ACS Style

Stephanie Coakley; Gary Cahill; Anne-Marie Enright; Brian O'Rourke; Carloalberto Petti. Enzymatic response to cadmium by Impatiens glandulifera: A preliminary investigation. Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports 2021, 26, 100936 .

AMA Style

Stephanie Coakley, Gary Cahill, Anne-Marie Enright, Brian O'Rourke, Carloalberto Petti. Enzymatic response to cadmium by Impatiens glandulifera: A preliminary investigation. Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports. 2021; 26 ():100936.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stephanie Coakley; Gary Cahill; Anne-Marie Enright; Brian O'Rourke; Carloalberto Petti. 2021. "Enzymatic response to cadmium by Impatiens glandulifera: A preliminary investigation." Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports 26, no. : 100936.

Journal article
Published: 23 July 2020 in Plants
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Tissue culture is an essential requirement in plant science to preserve genetic resources and to expand naturally occurring germplasm. A variety of naturally occurring and synthetic hormones are available to induce the processes of dedifferentiation and redifferentiation. Not all plant material is susceptible to tissue culture, and often complex media and hormone requirements are needed to achieve successful plant propagations. The availability of new hormones or chemicals acting as hormones are critical to the expansion of tissue culture potentials. Phloroglucinol has been shown to have certain hormone-like properties in a variety of studies. Ornithogalum dubium, an important geophyte species, was used to characterise the potential of phloroglucinol as the sole plant-like hormone in a tissue culture experiment. Tissue culture, plant regeneration, total phenolic and genetic variability were established by applying a variety of methods throughout long-term experiments. Phloroglucinol did induce callus formation and plant regeneration when used as the sole supplement in the media at a rate of 37%, thus demonstrating auxin/cytokines-like properties. Callus formation was of 3 types, friable and cellular, hard and compact, and a mixture of the two. The important finding was that direct somatogenesis did occur albeit more frequently on younger tissue, whereby rates of induction were up to 52%. It is concluded that phloroglucinol acts as a “hormone-like” molecule and can trigger direct embryogenesis without callus formation.

ACS Style

Carloalberto Petti. Phloroglucinol Mediated Plant Regeneration of Ornithogalum dubium as the Sole “Hormone-Like Supplement” in Plant Tissue Culture Long-Term Experiments. Plants 2020, 9, 929 .

AMA Style

Carloalberto Petti. Phloroglucinol Mediated Plant Regeneration of Ornithogalum dubium as the Sole “Hormone-Like Supplement” in Plant Tissue Culture Long-Term Experiments. Plants. 2020; 9 (8):929.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carloalberto Petti. 2020. "Phloroglucinol Mediated Plant Regeneration of Ornithogalum dubium as the Sole “Hormone-Like Supplement” in Plant Tissue Culture Long-Term Experiments." Plants 9, no. 8: 929.

Journal article
Published: 13 September 2019 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The use of phytoremediation to sustainably recover areas contaminated by toxic heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd) has been made feasible since the discovery of hyperaccumulator plants. This study examines the potential of the invasive Impatiens glandulifera for phytoremediation propensity of Cd. In these experiments, the plants were exposed to and tested for Cd accumulation; the propensity to accumulate other heavy metals, such as Zinc, was not investigated. The efficacy of phytoaccumulation was assessed over two trials (Cd concentrations of 20 mg/kg to 150 mg/kg) via examination of bioconcentration factor (BCF), translocation factor (TF), and total removal (TR). Exposure to Cd levels of up to 150 mg/kg in the trials did not affect the biomass of the plants compared to the control. Impatiens glandulifera accumulated cadmium at a rate of 276 to 1562 mg/kgin stems, with BCFs, TFs, and TRs of 64.6 to 236.4, 0.2 to 1.2, and 3.6 to 29.2 mg Cd, respectively. In vitro germination revealed unprecedented germination ability, demonstrating the remarkable hypertolerance of I. glandulifera, with no significant difference in the germination of seedlings exposed to 1000 mg/kg Cd compared to the control. This study also examined the localization of Cd in plant tissues via a histochemical assay using dithizone. The results presented herein suggest that I. glandulifera can act as a hyperaccumulator of Cd for phytoremediation.

ACS Style

Stephanie Coakley; Gary Cahill; Anne-Marie Enright; Brian O’Rourke; Carloalberto Petti. Cadmium Hyperaccumulation and Translocation in Impatiens Glandulifera: From Foe to Friend? Sustainability 2019, 11, 5018 .

AMA Style

Stephanie Coakley, Gary Cahill, Anne-Marie Enright, Brian O’Rourke, Carloalberto Petti. Cadmium Hyperaccumulation and Translocation in Impatiens Glandulifera: From Foe to Friend? Sustainability. 2019; 11 (18):5018.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stephanie Coakley; Gary Cahill; Anne-Marie Enright; Brian O’Rourke; Carloalberto Petti. 2019. "Cadmium Hyperaccumulation and Translocation in Impatiens Glandulifera: From Foe to Friend?" Sustainability 11, no. 18: 5018.

Review
Published: 27 July 2015 in Energies
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Lignin is an aromatic biopolymer involved in providing structural support to plant cell walls. Compared to the other cell wall polymers, i.e., cellulose and hemicelluloses, lignin has been considered a hindrance in cellulosic bioethanol production due to the complexity involved in its separation from other polymers of various biomass feedstocks. Nevertheless, lignin is a potential source of valuable aromatic chemical compounds and upgradable building blocks. Though the biosynthetic pathway of lignin has been elucidated in great detail, the random nature of the polymerization (free radical coupling) process poses challenges for its depolymerization into valuable bioproducts. The absence of specific methodologies for lignin degradation represents an important opportunity for research and development. This review highlights research development in lignin biosynthesis, lignin genetic engineering and different biological and chemical means of depolymerization used to convert lignin into biofuels and bioproducts.

ACS Style

Cassie Marie Welker; Vimal Kumar Balasubramanian; Carloalberto Petti; Krishan Mohan Rai; Seth DeBolt; Venugopal Mendu. Engineering Plant Biomass Lignin Content and Composition for Biofuels and Bioproducts. Energies 2015, 8, 7654 -7676.

AMA Style

Cassie Marie Welker, Vimal Kumar Balasubramanian, Carloalberto Petti, Krishan Mohan Rai, Seth DeBolt, Venugopal Mendu. Engineering Plant Biomass Lignin Content and Composition for Biofuels and Bioproducts. Energies. 2015; 8 (8):7654-7676.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cassie Marie Welker; Vimal Kumar Balasubramanian; Carloalberto Petti; Krishan Mohan Rai; Seth DeBolt; Venugopal Mendu. 2015. "Engineering Plant Biomass Lignin Content and Composition for Biofuels and Bioproducts." Energies 8, no. 8: 7654-7676.

Journal article
Published: 21 July 2015 in Plant Physiology
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Here, we show a mechanism for expansion regulation through mutations in the green revolution gene gibberellin20 (GA20)-oxidase and show that GAs control biosynthesis of the plants main structural polymer cellulose. Within a 12,000 mutagenized Sorghum bicolor plant population, we identified a single cellulose-deficient and male gametophyte-dysfunctional mutant named dwarf1-1 (dwf1-1). Through the Sorghum propinquum male/dwf1-1 female F2 population, we mapped dwf1-1 to a frameshift in GA20-oxidase. Assessment of GAs in dwf1-1 revealed ablation of GA. GA ablation was antagonistic to the expression of three specific cellulose synthase genes resulting in cellulose deficiency and growth dwarfism, which were complemented by exogenous bioactive gibberellic acid application. Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we found that GA was positively regulating the expression of a subset of specific cellulose synthase genes. To cross reference data from our mapped Sorghum sp. allele with another monocotyledonous plant, a series of rice (Oryza sativa) mutants involved in GA biosynthesis and signaling were isolated, and these too displayed cellulose deficit. Taken together, data support a model whereby suppressed expansion in green revolution GA genes involves regulation of cellulose biosynthesis.

ACS Style

Carloalberto Petti; Ko Hirano; Jozsef Stork; Seth DeBolt. Mapping of a Cellulose-Deficient Mutant Named dwarf1-1 in Sorghum bicolor to the Green Revolution Gene gibberellin20-oxidase Reveals a Positive Regulatory Association between Gibberellin and Cellulose Biosynthesis. Plant Physiology 2015, 169, 705 -716.

AMA Style

Carloalberto Petti, Ko Hirano, Jozsef Stork, Seth DeBolt. Mapping of a Cellulose-Deficient Mutant Named dwarf1-1 in Sorghum bicolor to the Green Revolution Gene gibberellin20-oxidase Reveals a Positive Regulatory Association between Gibberellin and Cellulose Biosynthesis. Plant Physiology. 2015; 169 (1):705-716.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carloalberto Petti; Ko Hirano; Jozsef Stork; Seth DeBolt. 2015. "Mapping of a Cellulose-Deficient Mutant Named dwarf1-1 in Sorghum bicolor to the Green Revolution Gene gibberellin20-oxidase Reveals a Positive Regulatory Association between Gibberellin and Cellulose Biosynthesis." Plant Physiology 169, no. 1: 705-716.

Mini review article
Published: 14 October 2014 in Frontiers in Plant Science
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Plant cell walls provide physical strength, regulate the passage of bio-molecules, and act as the first barrier of defense against biotic and abiotic stress. In addition to providing structural integrity, plant cell walls serve an important function in connecting cells to their extracellular environment by sensing and transducing signals to activate cellular responses, such as those that occur during pathogen infection. This mini review will summarize current experimental approaches used to study cell wall functions during plant-pathogen interactions. Focus will be paid to cell imaging, spectroscopic analyses, and metabolic profiling techniques

ACS Style

Ye Xia; Carloalberto Petti; Mark A. Williams; Seth DeBolt. Experimental approaches to study plant cell walls during plant-microbe interactions. Frontiers in Plant Science 2014, 5, 1 .

AMA Style

Ye Xia, Carloalberto Petti, Mark A. Williams, Seth DeBolt. Experimental approaches to study plant cell walls during plant-microbe interactions. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2014; 5 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ye Xia; Carloalberto Petti; Mark A. Williams; Seth DeBolt. 2014. "Experimental approaches to study plant cell walls during plant-microbe interactions." Frontiers in Plant Science 5, no. : 1.

Original research article
Published: 08 October 2014 in Frontiers in Plant Science
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In a screen for root hair morphogenesis mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana L. we identified a T-DNA insertion within a type III J-protein Atdjc17 caused altered root hair development and reduced hair length. Root hairs were observed to develop from trichoblast and atrichoblast cell files in both Atdjc17 and 35S::AtDJC17. Localization of gene expression in the root using transgenic plants expressing pro:Atdjc17:GUS revealed constitutive expression in stele cells. No AtDJC17 expression was observed in epidermal, endodermal or cortical layers. To explore the contrast between gene expression in the stele and epidermal phenotype, hand cut transverse sections of Atdjc17 roots were examined showing that the endodermal and cortical cell layers displayed increased anticlinal cell divisions. Aberrant cortical cell division in Atdjc17 is proposed as causal in ectopic root hair formation via the positional cue requirement that exists between cortical and epidermal cell in hair cell fate determination. Results indicate a requirement for AtDJC17 in position dependent cell fate determination and illustrate an intriguing requirement for molecular co-chaperone activity during root development.

ACS Style

Carloalberto Petti; Meera Nair; Seth DeBolt. The involvement of J-protein AtDjC17 in root development in Arabidopsis. Frontiers in Plant Science 2014, 5, 532 -532.

AMA Style

Carloalberto Petti, Meera Nair, Seth DeBolt. The involvement of J-protein AtDjC17 in root development in Arabidopsis. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2014; 5 ():532-532.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carloalberto Petti; Meera Nair; Seth DeBolt. 2014. "The involvement of J-protein AtDjC17 in root development in Arabidopsis." Frontiers in Plant Science 5, no. : 532-532.

Journal article
Published: 03 February 2014 in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Natural food colorants with functional properties are of increasing interest. Prior papers indicate the chemical suitability of sorghum leaf 3-deoxyanthocyanidins as natural food colorants. Via mutagenesis-assisted breeding, a sorghum variety that greatly overaccumulates 3-deoxyanthocyanidins of leaf tissue, named REDforGREEN (RG), has been isolated and characterized. Interestingly, RG not only caused increased 3-deoxyanthocyanidins but also caused increased tannins, chlorogenic acid, and total phenolics in the leaf tissue. Chemical composition of pigments was established through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) that identified luteolinidin (LUT) and apigeninidin (APG) as the main 3-deoxyanthocianidin species. Specifically, 3-deoxyanthocianidin levels were 1768 μg g⁻¹ LUT and 421 μg g⁻¹ APG in RG leaves compared with trace amounts in wild type, representing 1000-fold greater levels in the mutant leaves. Thus, RG represents a useful sorghum mutagenesis variant to develop as a functionalized food colorant.

ACS Style

Carloalberto Petti; Rekha Kushwaha; Mizuki Tateno; Anne Elizabeth Harman-Ware; Mark Crocker; Joseph Awika; Seth DeBolt. Mutagenesis Breeding for Increased 3-Deoxyanthocyanidin Accumulation in Leaves of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench: A Source of Natural Food Pigment. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2014, 62, 1227 -1232.

AMA Style

Carloalberto Petti, Rekha Kushwaha, Mizuki Tateno, Anne Elizabeth Harman-Ware, Mark Crocker, Joseph Awika, Seth DeBolt. Mutagenesis Breeding for Increased 3-Deoxyanthocyanidin Accumulation in Leaves of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench: A Source of Natural Food Pigment. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2014; 62 (6):1227-1232.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carloalberto Petti; Rekha Kushwaha; Mizuki Tateno; Anne Elizabeth Harman-Ware; Mark Crocker; Joseph Awika; Seth DeBolt. 2014. "Mutagenesis Breeding for Increased 3-Deoxyanthocyanidin Accumulation in Leaves of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench: A Source of Natural Food Pigment." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 62, no. 6: 1227-1232.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2013 in Frontiers in Plant Science
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Second generation feedstocks for bioethanol will likely include a sizable proportion of perennial C4 grasses, principally in the Panicoideae clade. The Panicoideae contain agronomically important annual grasses including Zea mays L. (maize), Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (sorghum), and Saccharum officinarum L. (sugar cane) as well as promising second generation perennial feedstocks including Miscanthus x giganteus and Panicum virgatum L. (switchgrass). The underlying complexity of these polyploid grass genomes is a major limitation for their direct manipulation and thus driving a need for rapidly cycling comparative model. Setaria viridis (green millet) is a rapid cycling C4 Panicoid grass with a relatively small and sequenced diploid genome and abundant seed production. Stable, transient and protoplast transformation technologies have also been developed for S. viridis making it a potentially excellent model for other C4 bioenergy grasses. Here, the lignocellulosic feedstock composition, cellulose biosynthesis inhibitor (CBI) response and saccharification dynamics of S. viridis are compared with the annual s00orghum and maize and the perennial switchgrass bioenergy crops as a baseline study into the applicability for translational research. A genome-wide systematic investigation of the cellulose synthase-A (CesA) genes was performed identifying eight candidate sequences. Two-developmental stages; a) metabolically active young tissue and b) metabolically plateaued (mature) material are examined to compare biomass performance metrics.

ACS Style

Carloalberto Petti; Andrew Shearer; Mizuki Tateno; Matthew Ruwaya; Sue Nokes; Thomas Brutnell; Seth DeBolt. Comparative feedstock analysis in Setaria viridis L. as a model for C4 bioenergy grasses and Panicoid crop species. Frontiers in Plant Science 2013, 4, 181 .

AMA Style

Carloalberto Petti, Andrew Shearer, Mizuki Tateno, Matthew Ruwaya, Sue Nokes, Thomas Brutnell, Seth DeBolt. Comparative feedstock analysis in Setaria viridis L. as a model for C4 bioenergy grasses and Panicoid crop species. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2013; 4 ():181.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carloalberto Petti; Andrew Shearer; Mizuki Tateno; Matthew Ruwaya; Sue Nokes; Thomas Brutnell; Seth DeBolt. 2013. "Comparative feedstock analysis in Setaria viridis L. as a model for C4 bioenergy grasses and Panicoid crop species." Frontiers in Plant Science 4, no. : 181.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2013 in Biotechnology for Biofuels
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Improving saccharification efficiency in bioenergy crop species remains an important challenge. Here, we report the characterization of a Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) mutant, named REDforGREEN (RG), as a bioenergy feedstock. It was found that RG displayed increased accumulation of lignin in leaves and depletion in the stems, antithetic to the trend observed in wild type. Consistent with these measurements, the RG leaf tissue displayed reduced saccharification efficiency whereas the stem saccharification efficiency increased relative to wild type. Reduced lignin was linked to improved saccharification in RG stems, but a chemical shift to greater S:G ratios in RG stem lignin was also observed. Similarities in cellulose content and structure by XRD-analysis support the correlation between increased saccharification properties and reduced lignin instead of changes in the cellulose composition and/or structure. Antithetic lignin accumulation was observed in the RG mutant leaf-and stem-tissue, which resulted in greater saccharification efficiency in the RG stem and differential thermochemical product yield in high lignin leaves. Thus, the red leaf coloration of the RG mutant represents a potential marker for improved conversion of stem cellulose to fermentable sugars in the C4 grass Sorghum.

ACS Style

Carloalberto Petti; Anne E Harman-Ware; Mizuki Tateno; Rekha Kushwaha; Andrew Shearer; A Bruce Downie; Mark Crocker; Seth DeBolt. Sorghum mutant RG displays antithetic leaf shoot lignin accumulation resulting in improved stem saccharification properties. Biotechnology for Biofuels 2013, 6, 146 -146.

AMA Style

Carloalberto Petti, Anne E Harman-Ware, Mizuki Tateno, Rekha Kushwaha, Andrew Shearer, A Bruce Downie, Mark Crocker, Seth DeBolt. Sorghum mutant RG displays antithetic leaf shoot lignin accumulation resulting in improved stem saccharification properties. Biotechnology for Biofuels. 2013; 6 (1):146-146.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carloalberto Petti; Anne E Harman-Ware; Mizuki Tateno; Rekha Kushwaha; Andrew Shearer; A Bruce Downie; Mark Crocker; Seth DeBolt. 2013. "Sorghum mutant RG displays antithetic leaf shoot lignin accumulation resulting in improved stem saccharification properties." Biotechnology for Biofuels 6, no. 1: 146-146.

Book chapter
Published: 07 June 2012 in Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Most of the plant biomass is cell wall and therefore represents a renewable carbon source that could be exploited by humans for bioenergy and bioproducts. A thorough understanding of the type of cell wall being harvested and the molecules available will be crucial in developing the most efficient conversion processes. Herein, we review the structure, function, and biosynthesis of lignocellulosic biomass, paying particular attention to the most important bioresources present in the plant cell wall: cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. We also provide an update on key improvements being made to lignocellulosic biomass with respect to utilization as a second-generation biofuel and as a resource for bioproducts.

ACS Style

Darby Harris; Carloalberto Petti; Seth DeBolt. The Synthesis, Regulation and Modification of Lignocellulosic Biomass as a Resource for Biofuels and Bioproducts. Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts 2012, 281 -314.

AMA Style

Darby Harris, Carloalberto Petti, Seth DeBolt. The Synthesis, Regulation and Modification of Lignocellulosic Biomass as a Resource for Biofuels and Bioproducts. Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts. 2012; ():281-314.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Darby Harris; Carloalberto Petti; Seth DeBolt. 2012. "The Synthesis, Regulation and Modification of Lignocellulosic Biomass as a Resource for Biofuels and Bioproducts." Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts , no. : 281-314.

Research article
Published: 28 February 2012 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The mechanisms underlying the biosynthesis of cellulose in plants are complex and still poorly understood. A central question concerns the mechanism of microfibril structure and how this is linked to the catalytic polymerization action of cellulose synthase (CESA). Furthermore, it remains unclear whether modification of cellulose microfibril structure can be achieved genetically, which could be transformative in a bio-based economy. To explore these processes in planta, we developed a chemical genetic toolbox of pharmacological inhibitors and corresponding resistance-conferring point mutations in the C-terminal transmembrane domain region of CESA1A903V and CESA3T942I in Arabidopsis thaliana. Using 13C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, we show that the cellulose microfibrils displayed reduced width and an additional cellulose C4 peak indicative of a degree of crystallinity that is intermediate between the surface and interior glucans of wild type, suggesting a difference in glucan chain association during microfibril formation. Consistent with measurements of lower microfibril crystallinity, cellulose extracts from mutated CESA1A903V and CESA3T942I displayed greater saccharification efficiency than wild type. Using live-cell imaging to track fluorescently labeled CESA, we found that these mutants show increased CESA velocities in the plasma membrane, an indication of increased polymerization rate. Collectively, these data suggest that CESA1A903V and CESA3T942I have modified microfibril structure in terms of crystallinity and suggest that in plants, as in bacteria, crystallization biophysically limits polymerization.

ACS Style

Darby M. Harris; Kendall Corbin; Tuo Wang; Ryan Gutierrez; Ana L. Bertolo; Carloalberto Petti; Detlef-M. Smilgies; José Manuel Estevez; Dario Bonetta; Breeanna R. Urbanowicz; David W. Ehrhardt; Chris R. Somerville; Jocelyn K. C. Rose; Mei Hong; Seth DeBolt. Cellulose microfibril crystallinity is reduced by mutating C-terminal transmembrane region residues CESA1A903V and CESA3T942I of cellulose synthase. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2012, 109, 4098 -4103.

AMA Style

Darby M. Harris, Kendall Corbin, Tuo Wang, Ryan Gutierrez, Ana L. Bertolo, Carloalberto Petti, Detlef-M. Smilgies, José Manuel Estevez, Dario Bonetta, Breeanna R. Urbanowicz, David W. Ehrhardt, Chris R. Somerville, Jocelyn K. C. Rose, Mei Hong, Seth DeBolt. Cellulose microfibril crystallinity is reduced by mutating C-terminal transmembrane region residues CESA1A903V and CESA3T942I of cellulose synthase. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2012; 109 (11):4098-4103.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Darby M. Harris; Kendall Corbin; Tuo Wang; Ryan Gutierrez; Ana L. Bertolo; Carloalberto Petti; Detlef-M. Smilgies; José Manuel Estevez; Dario Bonetta; Breeanna R. Urbanowicz; David W. Ehrhardt; Chris R. Somerville; Jocelyn K. C. Rose; Mei Hong; Seth DeBolt. 2012. "Cellulose microfibril crystallinity is reduced by mutating C-terminal transmembrane region residues CESA1A903V and CESA3T942I of cellulose synthase." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109, no. 11: 4098-4103.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2012 in BMC Plant Biology
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Mechanisms involved in the biological control of plant diseases are varied and complex. Hormones, including the auxin indole acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA), are essential regulators of a multitude of biological functions, including plant responses to biotic and abiotic stressors. This study set out to determine what hormones might play a role in Pseudomonas fluorescens –mediated control of Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease of barley and to determine if biocontrol-associated hormones directly affect disease development.

ACS Style

Carloalberto Petti; Kathrin Reiber; Shahin S Ali; Margaret Berney; Fiona M Doohan. Auxin as a player in the biocontrol of Fusarium head blight disease of barley and its potential as a disease control agent. BMC Plant Biology 2012, 12, 224 -224.

AMA Style

Carloalberto Petti, Kathrin Reiber, Shahin S Ali, Margaret Berney, Fiona M Doohan. Auxin as a player in the biocontrol of Fusarium head blight disease of barley and its potential as a disease control agent. BMC Plant Biology. 2012; 12 (1):224-224.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carloalberto Petti; Kathrin Reiber; Shahin S Ali; Margaret Berney; Fiona M Doohan. 2012. "Auxin as a player in the biocontrol of Fusarium head blight disease of barley and its potential as a disease control agent." BMC Plant Biology 12, no. 1: 224-224.

Journal article
Published: 05 June 2010 in Functional & Integrative Genomics
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Strains of non-pathogenic pseudomonad bacteria, can elicit host defence responses against pathogenic microorganisms. Pseudomonas fluorescens strain MKB158 can protect cereals from pathogenesis by Fusarium fungi, including Fusarium head blight which is an economically important disease due to its association with both yield loss and mycotoxin contamination of grain. Using the 22 K barley Affymetrix chip, trancriptome studies were undertaken to determine the local effect of P. fluorescens strain MKB158 on the transcriptome of barley head tissue, and to discriminate transcripts primed by the bacterium to respond to challenge by Fusarium culmorum, a causal agent of the economically important Fusarium head blight disease of cereals. The bacterium significantly affected the accumulation of 1203 transcripts and primed 74 to positively, and 14 to negatively, respond to the pathogen (P = 0.05). This is the first study to give insights into bacterium priming in the Triticeae tribe of grasses and associated transcripts were classified into 13 functional classes, associated with diverse functions, including detoxification, cell wall biosynthesis and the amplification of host defence responses. In silico analysis of Arabidopsis homologs of bacterium-primed barley genes indicated that, as is the case in dicots, jasmonic acid plays a role in pseudomonad priming of host responses. Additionally, the transcriptome studies described herein also reveal new insights into bacterium-mediated priming of host defences against necrotrophs, including the positive effects on grain filling, lignin deposition, oxidative stress responses, and the inhibition of protease inhibitors and proteins that play a key role in programmed cell death.

ACS Style

Carloalberto Petti; Mojibur Khan; Fiona Doohan. Lipid transfer proteins and protease inhibitors as key factors in the priming of barley responses to Fusarium head blight disease by a biocontrol strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens. Functional & Integrative Genomics 2010, 10, 619 -627.

AMA Style

Carloalberto Petti, Mojibur Khan, Fiona Doohan. Lipid transfer proteins and protease inhibitors as key factors in the priming of barley responses to Fusarium head blight disease by a biocontrol strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens. Functional & Integrative Genomics. 2010; 10 (4):619-627.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carloalberto Petti; Mojibur Khan; Fiona Doohan. 2010. "Lipid transfer proteins and protease inhibitors as key factors in the priming of barley responses to Fusarium head blight disease by a biocontrol strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens." Functional & Integrative Genomics 10, no. 4: 619-627.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2009 in Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In this study the effect of Agrobacterium tumefaciens genotype of two strains AGL1 and LBA4404 was investigated in regard to the propensity for backbone integration during the transformation of potato for blight tolerance conferred by the resistant to blight (RB) gene carried by the vector pCLDO4541. A PCR based walking approach was employed to identify left and right backbone sequences as well as for selected genes carried on the plasmid backbone. It was found that adjacent to the left border insertion site, the integration of backbone sequence was greater for AGL1 than for LBA4404; however, the opposite was observed with regards to the right border T-DNA junction. Considering both T-DNA borders LBA4404 was found to have a two fold greater integration potential for backbone than the AGL1. The possibility of only backbone integration in T-DNA negative plants was also investigated with the average rate of integration between the two strains calculated at 4.2% with LBA4404 recording a three fold greater occurrence of backbone integration than AGL1. In summary, evidence of Agrobacterium genotype dependency showed that LBA4404 has greater potential to integrate non-T-DNA vector sequence than AGL1 and this should be taken into account when utilising the listed A. tumefaciens genotypes in generating transgenic potato. Additionally, the application of a PCR and primer walking system proved to be reliable and allows for fine detailed studies of backbone sequence integration of transgenic plant.

ACS Style

Carloalberto Petti; Toni Wendt; Conor Meade; Ewen Mullins. Evidence of genotype dependency within Agrobacterium tumefaciens in relation to the integration of vector backbone sequence in transgenic Phytophthora infestans-tolerant potato. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 2009, 107, 301 -306.

AMA Style

Carloalberto Petti, Toni Wendt, Conor Meade, Ewen Mullins. Evidence of genotype dependency within Agrobacterium tumefaciens in relation to the integration of vector backbone sequence in transgenic Phytophthora infestans-tolerant potato. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering. 2009; 107 (3):301-306.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carloalberto Petti; Toni Wendt; Conor Meade; Ewen Mullins. 2009. "Evidence of genotype dependency within Agrobacterium tumefaciens in relation to the integration of vector backbone sequence in transgenic Phytophthora infestans-tolerant potato." Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 107, no. 3: 301-306.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2008 in Cereal Research Communications
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Pseudomonads, including ud P. fluorescensud strain MKB 158, can inhibit the development of Fusarium seedling blight disease on wheat and barley. Application of this and other pseudomonads as head sprays inhibits the development of Fusarium head blight disease (FHB) disease on wheat and barley under both field and glasshouse conditions. ud P. fluorescensud strains MKB 158 and MKB 249 also reduced DON contamination of grain under field conditions. Evidence suggests that ud P. fluorescensud does not directly inhibit the growth of ud Fusariumud , but that it potentiates host resistance against this disease. Transcriptome profiling identified barley genes differentially expressed as early events in (a) bacterium-induced resistance to seedling blight and (b) heads following ud P. fluorescensud and ud Fusarium culmorumud co-inoculation. Bacterium-potentiated resistance to ud Fusariumud affects the transcription of many genes that are involved in diverse processes, including cell rescue and defence, metabolism, cell cycle and DNA replication and signalling

ACS Style

Carloalberto Petti; Khan Mojibur; Fiona Doohan. Investigating the mechanisms underpinning bacterium-mediated control of FHB disease. Cereal Research Communications 2008, 36, 689 -693.

AMA Style

Carloalberto Petti, Khan Mojibur, Fiona Doohan. Investigating the mechanisms underpinning bacterium-mediated control of FHB disease. Cereal Research Communications. 2008; 36 (Supplement):689-693.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carloalberto Petti; Khan Mojibur; Fiona Doohan. 2008. "Investigating the mechanisms underpinning bacterium-mediated control of FHB disease." Cereal Research Communications 36, no. Supplement: 689-693.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2007 in Environmental Biosafety Research
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Based on international findings, Irish co-existence guidelines for the cultivation of GM potato stipulate that an isolation distance of 20 m is required to minimize the spread of transgenic pollen in accordance with required labeling thresholds. As potato tolerant to Phytophthora infestans is the most applicable GM crop from an Irish context, we tested the efficacy of this isolation distance under Irish environmental conditions using the conventional variety Désirée as a pollen donor and the male-sterile variety British Queen as a pollen receptor. Gene flow was determined by scoring for berry presence on receptor plants and confirmed using a microsatellite marker system designed to assess paternity in F1 seedlings. 99.1% of seedlings recovered were identified as having Désirée paternity. Whereas 19.9% (140/708) of total berries formed on receptor plants occurred at a distance of 21 m from the pollen source, only 4 of these berries bore viable true potato seed (TPS), from which 23 TPS germinated. TPS-bearing berry formation was negatively correlated with distance from the pollen source, and although overall distribution of berries and seeds was non-random across the plot, no significant correlation was evident with respect to wind direction. Microsatellite markers were also used to confirm that the foraging beetle Meligethes aeneus is a vector for the transmission of potato pollen, but a more detailed statistical analysis of this dataset was limited by inclement weather during the trial. To conclude, we recommend that a two-tiered system be established in regard to establishing isolation distances for the experimental trial and commercial cultivation of GM potato in Ireland, and that responsible crop management be adopted to minimize the establishment of TPS-derived volunteers, which we have noted will emerge through a rotation as a result of pollen-mediated gene flow.

ACS Style

Carloalberto Petti; Conor Meade; Martin Downes; Ewen Mullins. Facilitating co-existence by tracking gene dispersal in conventional potato systems with microsatellite markers. Environmental Biosafety Research 2007, 6, 223 -235.

AMA Style

Carloalberto Petti, Conor Meade, Martin Downes, Ewen Mullins. Facilitating co-existence by tracking gene dispersal in conventional potato systems with microsatellite markers. Environmental Biosafety Research. 2007; 6 (4):223-235.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carloalberto Petti; Conor Meade; Martin Downes; Ewen Mullins. 2007. "Facilitating co-existence by tracking gene dispersal in conventional potato systems with microsatellite markers." Environmental Biosafety Research 6, no. 4: 223-235.